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Technology and the built world

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Civil engineering

Civil engineering is the professional engineering discipline that designs and maintains the built environment, including roads, bridges, dams, airports, pipelines, and water and sewage systems.

Civil engineering and infrastructure repair in New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina

Civil engineering repair in New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina, which struck August 29, 2005, covered fixing breached levees, dewatering the city, and rebuilding flood defenses.

Civil engineering degrees and curricula

A civil engineering degree is a university program training students to design and manage infrastructure, combining math and science prerequisites, core courses, laboratories, and a final design project.

Civil engineering education

Civil engineering education is the formal preparation of engineers who plan, design, and construct infrastructure like roads, bridges, and water systems through accredited degrees, licensure, and early-career experience.

Civil engineering education by country

Civil engineering education by country compares how countries train civil engineers, covering Bologna degree structures, Germany's Diplom-Ingenieur, UK chartered status, and Canada's supervised licensure route.

Civil engineering prizes and awards

Civil engineering prizes and awards are honors from professional institutions like ASCE, ICE, and IStructE, recognizing outstanding projects and careers, with the Telford Medal dating to 1838.

Civil Nuclear Credit Program

A US Department of Energy program, created by the 2021 Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, that pays credits to keep economically at-risk nuclear reactors open; Diablo Canyon won up to $1.1 billion.

Civil regulation of powered-lift aircraft

Civil regulation of powered-lift aircraft is the body of FAA rules for classifying, certifying, and operating aircraft that take off vertically but cruise like airplanes.

Civilian Pilot Training Program

The Civilian Pilot Training Program (CPTP) was a United States federal program that paid colleges and flight schools to train pilots, training about 435,000 from 1939 to 1944.

Civitai

Civitai is an online platform for sharing and generating open-source AI image models, where users upload Stable Diffusion checkpoints, LoRAs, and embeddings and post the images these models produce.

CJ-1000 (长剑-1000) (missile)

The CJ-1000 (长剑-1000) is a Chinese land-based hypersonic cruise missile of the People's Liberation Army Rocket Force, first shown at a Beijing parade in 2025.

CK Infrastructure

CK Infrastructure Holdings Limited, or CKI, is a Hong Kong infrastructure investment holding company listed since 1996, 75.67% owned by CK Hutchison, with utility holdings across four continents.

ČKD

ČKD, short for Českomoravská-Kolben-Daněk, was a Czech engineering concern formed in Prague in 1927 that grew into one of Czechoslovakia's largest enterprises; its tram plant was the world's largest producer before the holding's 1998 bankruptcy.

CKKS

CKKS (Cheon-Kim-Kim-Song) is a homomorphic encryption scheme proposed in 2017 that performs approximate arithmetic on encrypted real and complex numbers, making it the standard choice for encrypted machine learning.

CL-20

CL-20, also known as HNIW, is a polycyclic nitramine explosive developed at the Naval Air Warfare Center at China Lake, California, with about 14% greater performance than HMX.

CL-400 Suntan

The CL-400 Suntan was a proposed liquid-hydrogen-fueled Mach 2.5 high-altitude reconnaissance aircraft studied by Lockheed's Skunk Works for the US Air Force from 1956 to 1958.

Claas

Claas is a German family-owned agricultural machinery manufacturer founded in 1913 and headquartered in Harsewinkel, known for combine harvesters, self-propelled forage harvesters, balers, and tractors.

Cladding (construction)

Cladding, also called building cladding, is the non-load-bearing outer skin attached to a building's structure to form its exterior finish and protect it from weather and fire.

Claerwen

Claerwen Reservoir is held by a 56 m concrete dam in mid Wales, opened by Queen Elizabeth II in 1952 as the largest of the Elan Valley reservoirs feeding Birmingham.

Claiborne Pell Bridge

The Claiborne Pell Bridge, commonly called the Newport Bridge, is a toll suspension bridge carrying Rhode Island Route 138 over Narragansett Bay, connecting Jamestown and Newport.

Claims to the first powered flight

Claims to the first powered flight are competing assertions about who first achieved powered, controlled flight; the Wright brothers' 1903 Kitty Hawk flights are accepted by most historians.

Claíomh Solais

Claíomh Solais, Old Irish Claidheamh Soluis, is the "Sword of Light", a shining wonder-blade sought by heroes in Irish and Scottish Gaelic folktales, distinct from Nuada's sword.

Clair A. Hill

Clair A. Hill, known as "California's Mr. Water," was an American civil engineer from Redding, California, whose firm merged with CH2M in 1971 to form CH2M Hill.

Clair oil field

The Clair oil field is the largest oil field on the UK Continental Shelf, west of Shetland in the North Sea. Discovered in 1977, it is operated by BP.

Claire Lee Chennault

Claire Lee Chennault was an American general who led the Flying Tigers in China and commanded the Fourteenth Air Force against Japan in World War II.

Claire Leon

Claire Leon is an American aerospace engineer known for turning around Boeing's Wideband Global SATCOM program and leading the Air Force launch enterprise; she was elected to the National Academy of Engineering in 2021.

Claire Wilhelm

Claire Wilhelm is a French physicist and biomedical engineer, a CNRS research director who leads the NanoBioMag team at Institut Curie, using magnetic nanoparticles to track, stimulate, and kill cells.

Clairton Coke Works

Clairton Coke Works, built in 1901 and owned by U.S. Steel since 1904, is a coke plant in Clairton, Pennsylvania, and the largest coke manufacturing facility in the Western Hemisphere.

ClamAV

ClamAV is an open-source antivirus toolkit designed especially for scanning email on mail gateways, distributed by Cisco Systems. Its engine, libclamav, also powers command-line and daemon scanning tools.

Clamper (electronics)

A clamper, also called a DC restorer, is an electronic circuit that shifts an entire AC waveform up or down by adding a DC offset, without changing its shape.