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Coherent optical module
A coherent optical module is a transceiver that transmits data over fiber by modulating light's phase, preserving it via coherent detection for DSP-based dispersion compensation.
Coherent optical transmission
Coherent optical transmission is a fiber-optic communication technique that recovers both amplitude and phase of light using a local oscillator laser, enabling digital correction of impairments in long-haul systems.
Coherent perfect absorber
A coherent perfect absorber, or CPA and sometimes called an anti-laser, is an optical device achieving perfect absorption by interference of coherent beams, demonstrated in 2011.
Coherent pluggable transceiver architecture
A coherent pluggable transceiver is a DCO module in QSFP-DD or OSFP form that transmits DWDM signals directly from router ports, underpinning 400ZR and 800ZR.
Coherer
The coherer was an early radio wave detector, a glass tube of metal filings whose resistance dropped when a signal struck it, receiving wireless telegraph signals in the 1890s.
Cohesion (computer science)
Cohesion in computer science measures how strongly the parts of a software module belong together, a design principle developed by Larry Constantine in the mid-1960s.
Cohesive zone model
The cohesive zone model (CZM) is a fracture mechanics model used in simulation, representing crack initiation and propagation through a traction-separation law on surfaces ahead of a crack tip.
Cohiba (cigar brand)
Cohiba is a premium cigar brand: a Cuban line made by Habanos S.A. since 1966, and a separate Dominican brand sold in the United States.
Cohost
Cohost, also known as Cohost.org, was a social networking and microblogging website operated from 2022 to 2025, known for its ad-free, algorithm-free chronological feed and HTML posts.
COIG (Chinese Open Instruction Generalist)
COIG (Chinese Open Instruction Generalist) is a family of open Chinese instruction-tuning datasets released by the Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence, beginning in April 2023 with about 200k samples.
CoilABLE boom
The CoilABLE boom is a deployable space structure, a lattice truss of three longerons wound onto a hub for launch that self-deploys in orbit as a stiff mast.
Coiled nylon artificial muscle
A coiled nylon artificial muscle is an actuator made by twisting nylon fishing line into a helix that contracts when heated and lifts loads, described by University of Texas at Dallas researchers in 2014.
Coiled tubing
Coiled tubing is a continuous, jointless steel pipe spooled on a reel and pushed into live oil or gas wells by an injector head for intervention without a workover rig.
Coilgun
A coilgun, also called a reluctance launcher, is an electromagnetic launcher that accelerates a projectile through sequentially energized coils, avoiding the rail erosion that limits railguns.
Coimbatore International Airport
Coimbatore International Airport, also known as Peelamedu Airport, serves Coimbatore in Tamil Nadu, India. It gained formal international status in 2012 and is run by the Airports Authority of India.
Coin purse
A coin purse is a small pouch or compartment for holding coins, carried separately or inside a bag or wallet, often closed with a clasp, snap, or zipper.
Coin-operated payphone
A coin-operated payphone is a public telephone paid for by inserting coins, which the instrument itself validates, accounts for, and stores until collection, distinct from card-operated designs.
Coining (metalworking)
Coining is a closed-die forging process in which a press deforms a workpiece between fully enclosing dies, imprinting precise detail; it is best known for minting coins.
Coiron Oil and Gas Field
Coiron Oil and Gas Field, also written El Coirón, is an operating conventional oil and gas field in Chubut Province, Argentina, operated by Pan American Energy.
Coit Tower
Coit Tower, also known as Coit Memorial Tower, is a 210-foot Art Deco tower atop Telegraph Hill in San Francisco, completed in 1933 with bequest funds from Lillie Hitchcock Coit.
Coke (fuel)
Coke, also called coal coke, is a hard, porous solid fuel made by heating bituminous coal without air, used mainly to smelt iron ore in blast furnaces.
Coke Dry Quenching
Coke dry quenching (CDQ) is a process that cools red-hot coke from around 1,000 °C with circulating inert gas instead of water, recovering the heat as steam for power generation.
ColBERT (late interaction retrieval)
ColBERT is a retrieval method introduced by Omar Khattab and Matei Zaharia at SIGIR 2020 that compares token-level embeddings, matching BERT-based ranking quality while running far faster.
Colbert Fossil Plant
Colbert Fossil Plant was a coal-fired power station operated by the Tennessee Valley Authority on the Pickwick Reservoir in Colbert County, Alabama, from 1955 to 2016.
Colbún
Colbún S.A. is a Chilean electric power generation and trading company headquartered in Santiago, operating 29 plants with more than 5,000 MW of installed capacity in Chile and Peru.
colcon
colcon, short for collective construction, is a Python command line tool for building and testing multiple software packages, chosen over catkin_tools as the universal build tool for ROS 2.
Cold Atom Laboratory
The Cold Atom Laboratory is a NASA facility on the International Space Station that cools atoms near absolute zero and created the first orbital Bose-Einstein condensate in 2018.
Cold cathode fluorescent lamp
A cold cathode fluorescent lamp (CCFL) is an electric-discharge lamp whose unheated cathode avoids electrode wear, serving as the main LCD backlight of the 2000s.
Cold central plant recycling
Cold central plant recycling (CCPR) is a pavement rehabilitation process that mixes reclaimed asphalt pavement with new emulsified or foamed asphalt at a central or mobile plant without heat.
Cold chain
A cold chain, also called a cool chain, is an uninterrupted, temperature-controlled supply chain that keeps vaccines, medicines, and foods within a safe temperature range from production to use.