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Counter-pumping
Counter-pumping, also called backward pumping, is a Raman fiber amplifier configuration in which pump light injected at the receive end travels opposite the signal, suppressing pump noise.
Counterbalancing (motorcycling)
Counterbalancing, also called counterweighting or counter-leaning, is a motorcycle riding technique in which the rider shifts weight to the outside of a turn while the bike leans in, used for slow, tight maneuvers.
Counterexample-guided abstraction refinement
Counterexample-guided abstraction refinement (CEGAR) is a model checking technique that verifies large systems by checking a coarse abstract model and refining it with spurious counterexamples.
Counterfactual explanation
A counterfactual explanation is a machine learning explanation showing the smallest input changes that would have changed a model's prediction, such as what a rejected loan applicant needed.
Counterfactual simulation
Counterfactual simulation is a computational modeling approach that estimates outcomes under interventions that did not occur, built on causal models and the potential outcomes framework.
Counterscarp
A counterscarp is the outer slope or wall of a fortification ditch, the side facing away from the fortress, opposite the scarp and often supporting the covered way.
Countershading
Countershading is a common animal color pattern in which the back is darker than the belly, proposed by Abbott Thayer in 1896 as camouflage that conceals the body's shadow.
Countersink
A countersink is a conical recess cut at a hole's entrance so a flat-head screw sits flush with the surface, common in machining, sheet-metal work, and aircraft assembly.
Countersteering
Countersteering is the motorcycle technique of briefly steering opposite the intended turn to lean the bike into it, used above roughly 10 to 15 mph.
Countess Oil and Gas Field
Countess is a natural gas and oil field in southern Alberta near Brooks, among the largest Upper Colorado Group gas fields in the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin.
Counting board
A counting board is a ruled surface on which loose counters are moved to perform arithmetic, the operator calculating mentally while the board tracks place values and carries.
Counting sort
Counting sort is a non-comparison sorting algorithm that orders items with integer keys by counting how often each key occurs, running in Θ(n + k) time.
Countries blocking access to The Pirate Bay
Countries blocking access to The Pirate Bay are court or authority orders requiring ISPs to block the Swedish torrent site, imposed in around 30 countries.
Country code
A country code is a one- to three-digit prefix in the ITU-T E.164 numbering plan that identifies a country or service and routes international calls.
Country code top-level domain
A country code top-level domain (ccTLD) is a two-letter internet domain suffix for a country or territory, such as .de for Germany, taken from ISO 3166-1.
County State-Aid Highway
A County State-Aid Highway (CSAH) is a Minnesota county highway eligible for state construction and maintenance funding, a system established in 1957 totaling about 30,700 miles.
Coupa Software
Coupa Software is an American company whose cloud-based Business Spend Management platform handles procurement, invoicing, expenses, payments, and supply chain for finance teams, with more than 3,000 customers.
Coupe
A coupe, also called a fixed-head coupé, is a closed car with a fixed roof and traditionally two doors and a trunk, though the term now stretches to four-door and SUV models.
Coupled inductor
A coupled inductor is a magnetic component with two or more windings on the same core that share a magnetic field, allowing energy to be stored in and transferred between the windings through mutual inductance.
Coupled multicore fiber
Coupled multicore fiber, also called coupled-core MCF, is an optical fiber with multiple closely spaced cores whose light couples to form supermodes, allowing about 19 cores in standard-diameter fiber.
Coupled shear wall
A coupled shear wall is a structural system of two or more reinforced concrete wall piers connected at each floor level by short, deep coupling beams.
Coupler curve
A coupler curve is the path traced by a chosen point on the coupler link of a linkage, most often a planar four-bar, as the mechanism moves.
Coupling
A coupling, also called a shaft coupling, is a mechanical device that connects the ends of two rotating shafts to transmit torque and power between them.
Coupling (computer programming)
Coupling in computer programming is the degree to which software modules depend on one another, so changing one module forces changes in another; low coupling is the usual design goal.
Coupon testing
Coupon testing is the mechanical testing of small, standardized material specimens, called coupons, to measure properties like tensile strength, stiffness, and fatigue for design allowables.
Courier
A courier is a person or company that carries parcels, documents, or messages directly from sender to recipient, as a paid delivery service distinct from the postal system.
Courrières mine disaster
The Courrières mine disaster was a coal dust explosion on 10 March 1906 in the Pas-de-Calais coalfield of northern France, killing 1,099 miners, the worst mining accident in European history.
Court House (near Stroud)
Court House (near Stroud): Grade I listed Jacobean house on Hale Lane, Painswick, Gloucestershire, rebuilt 1604 for Thomas Gardener, with a Court Room, C17 panelling, and a 1938 wing; distinct from Grade II Court Houses in Uley and Stroud.
Courtright Reservoir
Courtright Reservoir, also called Courtright Lake, is a reservoir in Fresno County, California, impounded by Courtright Dam and operated by PG&E as the upper reservoir of the Helms Pumped Storage Project.
Courvoisier
Courvoisier is a cognac house based in Jarnac in southwestern France, founded in 1828 by Félix Courvoisier and Jules Gallois and owned since 2024 by Italy's Campari Group.