Technology and the built world

Germania (city)

Germania, fully Welthauptstadt Germania, was the planned rebuilding of Berlin as capital of a Nazi world empire, designed by Albert Speer from 1937 and never realized.

Germanium antimony telluride (GST), best known as the alloy Ge₂Sb₂Te₅, switches rapidly between amorphous and crystalline states and is the main material in phase-change memory and rewritable optical discs.

Germanium halide perovskites

Germanium halide perovskites are lead-free semiconductors of formula AGeX₃, in which Ge²⁺ replaces lead; they are studied as less toxic solar-cell absorbers limited by Ge²⁺ oxidation.

Germanium hole-spin qubit processor

A germanium hole-spin qubit processor is a quantum processor whose qubits are hole spins in gate-defined germanium quantum dots, first demonstrated in a four-qubit device at QuTech in 2021.

Germanium quantum dot

A germanium quantum dot is a nanoscale electrostatic trap in a strained Ge/SiGe heterostructure that confines holes, whose spins serve as qubits, reaching a four-qubit processor in 2021.

Germanium-on-insulator

Germanium-on-insulator (GeOI) is an engineered substrate combining a thin single-crystal germanium layer on a buried insulator atop a silicon wafer, valued for high carrier mobility.

Germanium-on-silicon

Germanium-on-silicon is the epitaxial growth of single-crystal germanium films directly on silicon substrates; because germanium absorbs near-infrared light that silicon cannot, it is the standard detector material of silicon photonics, first proposed in 1984.

Germanium-on-silicon photodetector

A germanium-on-silicon photodetector is a light detector in which germanium grown epitaxially on silicon absorbs near-infrared light, making it the standard detector of silicon photonics.

Germanium-tin

Germanium-tin (GeSn) is a Group IV semiconductor alloy of tin in germanium that becomes direct-bandgap above roughly 8% tin, the leading candidate for a laser on silicon.

Germanium–tin photonics

Germanium–tin (GeSn) photonics uses germanium–tin alloys, which become direct-bandgap when tin exceeds about 6%, as gain, detection, and waveguide materials for CMOS-compatible silicon photonic circuits, pursued for mid-infrared lasers and photodetectors.

Germanwings

Germanwings GmbH was a German low-cost airline wholly owned by Lufthansa and based at Cologne/Bonn Airport, flying across Europe from 2002 until its operations were discontinued in 2020.

Germanwings Flight 9525

Germanwings Flight 9525 was a scheduled Barcelona-to-Düsseldorf flight, an Airbus A320 that crashed in the French Alps on 24 March 2015, killing all 150 aboard.

Germicidal lamp

A germicidal lamp is an ultraviolet light source, usually a low-pressure mercury-vapor lamp emitting 253.7 nm UV-C, that inactivates bacteria, viruses, and protozoa in water, air, and surface disinfection.

Gernot Döllner

Gernot Döllner (born 1969) is a German engineer and business executive who has been chairman of the board of management of AUDI AG since September 2023.

Gerresheimer

Gerresheimer AG is a pharmaceutical packaging company making glass and plastic medicine bottles, syringes, and drug delivery systems, with about 13,600 employees in 17 countries.

Gerrit

Gerrit, also called Gerrit Code Review, is a free, web-based code review tool built on Git that Google introduced in 2008 for Android development, and it is used by projects including Chromium, OpenStack, and Wikimedia.

Gerrit Rietveld

Gerrit Rietveld (1888–1964) was a Dutch furniture maker and architect of the De Stijl movement, known for the Red and Blue Chair and the Rietveld Schröder House in Utrecht.

Gert Cauwenberghs

Gert Cauwenberghs is a Belgian-trained engineer and Distinguished Professor of Bioengineering at UC San Diego who pioneered energy-efficient neuromorphic chips emulating the brain and co-founded the EEG company Cognionics.

Gert Ehrlich

Gert Ehrlich (1926–2012) was an Austrian-born American surface scientist at General Electric and the University of Illinois who first measured how individual metal atoms move across crystal surfaces, and the namesake of the Ehrlich–Schwoebel barrier.

Sep 21, 2026

Gerwin H. Gelinck

Gerwin H. Gelinck is a Dutch scientist at TNO and the Holst Centre who works on flexible and organic electronics, including displays and image sensors on plastic foil.

Gestamp

Gestamp is a Spanish multinational that designs and manufactures metal components for the automotive industry, operating 115 plants in 24 countries and listed in Spain since 2017.

Gesture recognition

Gesture recognition is the interpretation of human motions by a computing device, where sensors capture movement and software classifies it as a meaningful gesture, mainly for human-robot interaction.

Getinge

Getinge is a Swedish medical technology and life-science company with about 12,000 employees and sales in more than 135 countries, serving operating rooms, intensive care, and pharmaceutical production.

Getlink

Getlink, formerly Groupe Eurotunnel, is a French public company listed on Euronext Paris that holds the concession to operate the Channel Tunnel between Folkestone and Calais until 2086.

Getrag

Getrag GmbH was a German family-owned manufacturer of automotive transmissions for cars, light commercial vehicles, and motorcycles, founded in 1935 by Hermann Hagenmeyer and acquired by Magna International in 2016.

Gettext

GNU Gettext is a system of command-line tools and the libintl runtime library for translating a program's messages into many languages without changing the source code.

Gettr

Gettr is an American microblogging platform launched on July 4, 2021 by former Trump aide Jason Miller, marketed as a "free speech" alternative to Twitter with 777-character posts.

Getty Images v. Stability AI

Getty Images v. Stability AI is a pair of copyright and trademark lawsuits Getty filed against Stability AI in UK and US courts in 2023.

Getty Oil

Getty Oil was a Los Angeles petroleum company built by J. Paul Getty, acquired by Texaco in 1984 in what was then the largest US corporate acquisition.