edgepedia

Technology and the built world

61,984 articles

Hull loss

A hull loss is an aviation accident in which an aircraft is destroyed or damaged beyond economic repair, used in safety statistics and insurance, and often an economic rather than technical judgment.

Hull number

A hull number is a classification symbol plus a sequential number identifying an individual navy ship, as in USS Fletcher (DD-445); the US Navy adopted the system in 1920.

Hulunbuir Baorixile power station

Hulunbuir Baorixile power station is a 1,200 MW coal-fired power station in Baorixile, Hulunbuir, Inner Mongolia, China, burning local lignite from two 600 MW units operating since 2010.

Hulusu Coal Mine

Hulusu Coal Mine (葫芦素煤矿) is an underground coal mine in Uxin Banner, Ordos, Inner Mongolia, owned by Zhongtian Hechuang Energy, opened in 2016 with a verified capacity of 8 million tonnes of coal per year.

Humain

Humain is a Saudi artificial-intelligence company launched in 2025 by Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, owned through the Public Investment Fund to build the full AI stack.

Humam Sakhnini

Humam Sakhnini, born 1968, is a business executive who became chief executive officer of Discord in April 2025 after serving as vice chairman of Activision Blizzard.

Human factors in aviation

Human factors in aviation is the application of knowledge about human abilities and limitations to aviation equipment, environments, and jobs, spanning flight operations, air traffic control, and maintenance.

Human Landing System

The Human Landing System is the NASA program of commercially built lunar landers carrying Artemis astronauts to the Moon: SpaceX's Starship and Blue Origin's Blue Moon.

Human mission to Mars

A human mission to Mars is a proposed crewed spaceflight to Mars, with no official landing date; NASA, SpaceX, and China are the main actors.

Human motion diffusion model

The Human Motion Diffusion Model (MDM) is a diffusion model that generates 3D human motion from text, actions, or nothing, introduced by Tel Aviv University researchers in 2022.

Human preference evaluation

Human preference evaluation measures language model quality by having people compare model outputs rather than score fixed answers, underpinning leaderboards like Chatbot Arena and RLHF.

Human Preference Score

The Human Preference Score (HPS) is a learned metric for text-to-image generation that predicts which image humans would prefer for a prompt, introduced in 2023.

Human reliability analysis

Human reliability analysis (HRA) is a set of methods for identifying and quantifying human errors in technical systems, performed chiefly within probabilistic risk assessment and originating in nuclear power.

Human Research Program

The Human Research Program (HRP) is a NASA program established at Johnson Space Center in 2005 that investigates and reduces spaceflight risks to astronaut health and performance.

Human resource management system

A human resource management system (HRMS) is software combining HR functions such as payroll, recruitment, benefits, and employee data, emerging from payroll systems of the late 1950s.

Human spaceflight

Human spaceflight, also called manned spaceflight, is the flight of people to and from space in life-supporting vehicles, beginning with Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin in 1961.

Human Support Robot

The Human Support Robot (HSR) is a compact domestic mobile manipulator developed by Toyota, announced in 2012, that fetches objects and provides remote communication for elderly and disabled people.

Human torpedo

The human torpedo, or manned torpedo, is a small submersible carrying one or two divers who attach a detachable explosive charge to an anchored enemy ship, then escape.

Human-body model

The human-body model (HBM) is an electrostatic discharge test model representing a charged person as a 100 pF capacitor and 1,500 Ω resistor discharging into a semiconductor device.

Human-centered design

Human-centered design is an approach to problem-solving and system development that starts from the needs and behaviors of users rather than from technology or business constraints alone.

Human-powered aircraft

A human-powered aircraft (HPA) is an airplane powered solely by the pilot's muscles, an extreme design with very large, very light wings flown by trained cyclists in calm air.

Human-powered airship

A human-powered airship is a lighter-than-air craft the pilot propels by pedaling or hand cranking, with buoyant gas such as helium carrying the craft's weight.

Human-powered helicopter

A human-powered helicopter is a rotary-wing aircraft that hovers using only muscle power, achieved first by Cal Poly's Da Vinci III in 1989 and won by AeroVelo's Atlas in 2013.

Human-powered ornithopter

A human-powered ornithopter is an aircraft flown by flapping wings the pilot powers; only the University of Toronto's Snowbird has achieved a recognized sustained flight, in 2010.

Human-robot handover

A human-robot handover is a collaborative action in which a robot and a person transfer an object, in either direction, and a basic capability for robots working alongside people.

Human-robot interaction

Human-robot interaction (HRI) is the interdisciplinary field concerned with understanding, designing, and evaluating robotic systems for use by or with humans, spanning factory robots to social robots.

Human–AI interaction

Human–AI interaction is a multidisciplinary field studying the design of interactive artificial intelligence for human use, extending human–computer interaction; an early landmark was the 1966 chatbot Eliza.

Human–computer interaction

Human–computer interaction (HCI), also called human–machine interaction, is a field that designs interactions between people and computational systems and builds the supporting interfaces; it emerged as a distinct field around 1983.

Human–object interaction detection

Human–object interaction detection is a computer vision task that locates humans and objects in an image and classifies what each human is doing with each object.

Human3.6M

Human3.6M is a large-scale laboratory dataset of 3.6 million 3D human poses recorded from 11 subjects, introduced in 2014 and the standard benchmark for 3D human pose estimation.