61,984 articles
Iran–U.S. RQ-170 incident
The Iran–U.S. RQ-170 incident was Iran's capture of a classified Lockheed Martin RQ-170 Sentinel stealth CIA drone in December 2011; the United States requested its return, and Iran refused.
Iranian Railways
Iranian Railways is the national railway system of Iran, anchored by the Trans-Iranian Railway, completed in 1938 and inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2021.
Iranian underground missile bases
Iranian underground missile bases («شهر موشکی", missile cities) are IRGC tunnel complexes in the Alborz and Zagros mountains storing and launching ballistic missiles; ~27–30 sites, disputed 500 m depth, damaged in the June 2025 war.
Iraq and weapons of mass destruction
Iraq under Saddam Hussein built and used chemical weapons, developed biological weapons, and pursued nuclear weapons, then disarmed after 1991 while pretending to retain its arsenal, contributing to the 2003 invasion.
Iraq Crude Oil Export Expansion Project (ICOEEP)
The Iraq Crude Oil Export Expansion Project (ICOEEP) is an Iraqi Ministry of Oil program to expand southern crude export capacity through pipelines and offshore loading terminals.
Iraq Petroleum Company
The Iraq Petroleum Company (IPC), founded as the Turkish Petroleum Company in 1912, held Iraq's oil concession from 1928 and was nationalized by Iraq in 1972.
Iraq Strategic Pipeline
The Iraq Strategic Pipeline is a reversible crude oil pipeline running from Basra to Haditha in Iraq, built in 1975 to export Kirkuk and Rumaila crude.
Iraqi Airways
Iraqi Airways is the national airline of Iraq, founded in 1945 and headquartered at Baghdad International Airport, from which it operates domestic and international flights.
Iraqi Ministry of Electricity
The Iraqi Ministry of Electricity (وزارة الكهرباء) is the government ministry responsible for Iraq's electricity sector, established in 2004 and headquartered in Baghdad, covering generation, transmission, and distribution.
Iraqi Pipeline in Saudi Arabia (IPSA)
The Iraqi Pipeline in Saudi Arabia (IPSA) is a mothballed crude oil pipeline from Basra, Iraq, to the Red Sea, closed by Saudi Arabia in 1990.
IRB Infrastructure Developers
IRB Infrastructure Developers is an Indian toll-road developer and operator founded in 1998, managing 28 highway assets across 13 states, about a tenth of India's toll revenue.
IRC
IRC, or Internet Relay Chat, is a text-based chat protocol created by Jarkko Oikarinen at the University of Oulu, Finland, in 1988, with conversations organized into named channels.
IRCAD
IRCAD, the Research Institute against Digestive Cancer, is a French institute founded in Strasbourg in 1994 by Jacques Marescaux, training about 8,000 surgeons yearly in minimally invasive surgery.
IrDA
IrDA (Infrared Data Association) is a standards body founded in 1993 by HP, IBM, Sharp, and others for short-range infrared links between laptops, phones, and printers, standard through the mid-2000s.
IREN
IREN Limited, formerly Iris Energy, is a Sydney-headquartered Australian data center company offering vertically integrated AI cloud services while winding down its Bitcoin mining operations.
Irene Carswell Peden
Irene Carswell Peden (1925–2025) was an American electrical engineer at the University of Washington who in 1970 became the first American woman to work in the Antarctic interior.
Irene Greif
Irene Greif is an American computer scientist who founded the field of computer-supported cooperative work and was the first woman to earn a computer science PhD at MIT.
Irfan Siddiqi
Irfan Siddiqi is a UC Berkeley physics professor and department chair who works on superconducting quantum circuits, quantum measurement, and directs the Advanced Quantum Testbed.
Iridium Communications
Iridium Communications Inc. is an American satellite communications company in McLean, Virginia, operating 66 cross-linked low Earth orbit satellites with global voice and data coverage, launched in 1998 after originating as a Motorola concept in 1987.
Iridium NEXT
Iridium NEXT is the second-generation constellation of Iridium Communications, a network of 66 low Earth orbit satellites that replaced the original 1990s-era fleet between 2017 and 2019 without interrupting service.
Iridium satellite constellation
The Iridium satellite constellation is a network of 66 cross-linked communications satellites in low Earth orbit, providing global voice, data, and IoT coverage including the poles since 1998.
IRIG timecode
IRIG timecode is a family of serial time codes defined by the Range Commanders Council that lets test-range systems correlate recorded data against a common clock.
Iriklinsk GRES power station
Iriklinsk GRES, also Iriklinskaya GRES or Iriklinskaya Thermal Power Plant, is a 2,400 MW gas-fired power station in Orenburg Oblast, Russia, supplying the Southern Urals since 1970.
İrini Angelidaki
İrini Angelidaki is a professor and head of the Bioconversions Section at the Technical University of Denmark, known for the Anaerobic Digestion Model No. 1 and the 2009 biomethane potential assay protocol.
Iris Cummings
Iris Cummings, later Iris Critchell, was an American Olympic swimmer at the 1936 Berlin Games who became a Women Airforce Service Pilots ferry pilot in World War II.
Iris e-reader
The Iris e-reader is an E Ink reading device sold by the Spanish bookstore chain Casa del Libro as part of its Tagus line, replacing the Tagus Tera.
Iris recognition
Iris recognition, also known as iris scan, is a biometric method that identifies people by the unique texture of the iris, first made practical by John Daugman's 1994 algorithms.
IRIS Shahid Bagheri
IRIS Shahid Bagheri (Persian: شهید باقری) was an Iranian drone carrier of the Revolutionary Guard Corps Navy, commissioned in 2025 and sunk by US forces in 2026.
IRIS-T
IRIS-T is a European short-range, fire-and-forget air-to-air missile with an imaging infrared seeker and thrust-vector control, developed under German leadership by Diehl Defence and introduced in 2005 to replace the AIM-9 Sidewinder.
IRIS-T SL
IRIS-T SL, or Rb-98, is the surface-launched version of the German IRIS-T air-to-air missile, produced by Diehl Defence and forming the core of the IRIS-T SLS, SLM, and SLX air defense systems.