# Uber
**Uber** is a technology platform that connects riders, couriers, and drivers and delivery people through a smartphone application; it operates in more than 70 countries and facilitates over 40 million trips per day with 9.7 million drivers and couriers.[1](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1543151/000130817926000125/uber_courtesypdf.pdf) Its two principal businesses are Mobility (ride-hailing) and Delivery ([Uber Eats](https://www.edgepedia.org/uber-eats)), supplemented by a membership program, Uber One.[2](https://investor.uber.com/news-events/news/press-release-details/2025/Uber-Announces-Results-for-Fourth-Quarter-and-Full-Year-2024/default.aspx)
| Key fact | Detail |
|---|---|
| Scale | Over 40 million trips per day in 70+ countries; 9.7 million drivers and couriers; 202 million monthly active users in Q4 2025[1](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1543151/000130817926000125/uber_courtesypdf.pdf) • [3](https://s23.q4cdn.com/407969754/files/doc_earnings/2025/q4/transcript/Uber-Q4-25-Prepared-Remarks.pdf) |
| Revenue | $37,281 million (2023), $43,978 million (2024), $52,017 million (2025)[4](https://d18rn0p25nwr6d.cloudfront.net/CIK-0001543151/2008116a-351a-4154-801e-0df0f7dbe9dd.html) |
| Matching | Algorithms support more than 1.5 million trips per hour; location is the most important matching input[5](https://tb-static.uber.com/prod/uber-static/uber-sites/_pdf/ai-on-uber/US-Algorithmic-Transparency-2026.pdf) |
| Take rate | Uber states a global share of 21% (Q3 2025); Consumer Reports tests found Uber and Lyft taking 43–49.5% of each fare[6](https://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/swiss-ai/ill-be-ais-worst-nightmare-uber-drivers-fight-runs-through-switzerland/92129222) • [7](https://www.consumerreports.org/money/questionable-business-practices/uber-lyft-different-prices-for-same-ride-and-fake-discounts-a1093538909/) |
| Profitability | First annual operating profit in 2023; 2025 Adjusted EBITDA of $8.7 billion and free cash flow of $9.8 billion[8](https://standardisation.etuc.org/sites/default/files/publication/file/2026-09/Uber-dynamic-pay-Europe-report_final_updated.pdf) • [3](https://s23.q4cdn.com/407969754/files/doc_earnings/2025/q4/transcript/Uber-Q4-25-Prepared-Remarks.pdf) |
| Driver status | UK Supreme Court ruled drivers are workers (February 2021); California's Proposition 22 allows Uber to classify drivers as independent contractors under the measure[9](https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/resources/idt-f2971465-73d2-4932-a889-5c63778e273d) • [7](https://www.consumerreports.org/money/questionable-business-practices/uber-lyft-different-prices-for-same-ride-and-fake-discounts-a1093538909/) |
| Safety | 99.9% of trips end without any reported safety incident; S-RAD dispatching cut the sexual assault and misconduct report rate by 10% since launch[1](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1543151/000130817926000125/uber_courtesypdf.pdf) • [5](https://tb-static.uber.com/prod/uber-static/uber-sites/_pdf/ai-on-uber/US-Algorithmic-Transparency-2026.pdf) |
## History
Uber accumulated more than $20 billion in losses over more than 10 years before drawing closer to profitability in 2022.[10](https://www.icij.org/investigations/uber-files/uber-global-rise-lobbying-violence-technology/) Its founding era under [Travis Kalanick](https://www.edgepedia.org/travis-kalanick) was marked by regulatory confrontation; the 2022 Uber Files leak documented deception of investigators and secret lobbying across governments.[11](https://www.theguardian.com/news/2022/jul/10/uber-files-leak-reveals-global-lobbying-campaign)
After replacing Kalanick in 2017, [Dara Khosrowshahi](https://www.edgepedia.org/dara-khosrowshahi) led Uber through a shaky stock market debut, a pandemic-induced ridership slump, and an overhaul of business practices that Uber itself described as a shift from an era of confrontation to one of collaboration.[10](https://www.icij.org/investigations/uber-files/uber-global-rise-lobbying-violence-technology/) A Harvard Business School case study documents the transformation from a crisis-ridden, growth-at-all-costs startup into a disciplined, profitable platform by 2025, including expanding Uber Eats, exiting non-core geographies, and preparing for autonomous vehicles.[12](https://store.hbr.org/product/dara-khosrowshahi-drives-uber/326014)
## How the platform works
**Matching.** Once a trip request comes in, Uber's matching system examines which drivers are available nearby, what kind of trip the rider wants, and the prevailing conditions in that city, together with the distance involved, the product or vehicle class chosen (such as UberX versus Comfort, or a car versus a bike for delivery), and any special needs like airport queues.[5](https://tb-static.uber.com/prod/uber-static/uber-sites/_pdf/ai-on-uber/US-Algorithmic-Transparency-2026.pdf) The algorithm is designed to optimize reliability and efficiency for all trips at a given time, not just an individual trip, weighing reduced overall wait times, avoided empty travel, and the likelihood of a driver's next request.[5](https://tb-static.uber.com/prod/uber-static/uber-sites/_pdf/ai-on-uber/US-Algorithmic-Transparency-2026.pdf) Location is the most important element, and AI translates straight-line distance into real time-and-distance estimates because the closest driver is not always the quickest.[5](https://tb-static.uber.com/prod/uber-static/uber-sites/_pdf/ai-on-uber/US-Algorithmic-Transparency-2026.pdf) Academic modeling shows why system-level optimization matters: ride-hailing markets are prone to a failure called "wild goose chases," in which high demand triggers a feedback cycle of few idle drivers, high pickup times, and low earnings, drastically reducing welfare.[13](https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1287/mnsc.2022.00096)
**Upfront pricing.** Riders see a single fare before confirming a trip, calculated from estimated time and distance, demand patterns, anticipated traffic, tolls, taxes, surcharges, and fees, with dynamic pricing reflected in the upfront fare; wait-time fees are typically excluded from the estimate.[5](https://tb-static.uber.com/prod/uber-static/uber-sites/_pdf/ai-on-uber/US-Algorithmic-Transparency-2026.pdf) Since 2021, drivers in most markets also see upfront fares, calculated from estimated time and distance to pickup, trip time and distance, and current demand at the driver's location, with individual driver behavior excluded as a factor.[14](https://medium.com/uber-under-the-hood/how-flexible-pricing-keeps-uber-predictable-and-reliable-for-everyone-b5c3ccb5d8bf) Drivers and couriers can decline offers without penalty or deactivation.[5](https://tb-static.uber.com/prod/uber-static/uber-sites/_pdf/ai-on-uber/US-Algorithmic-Transparency-2026.pdf)
**Surge.** [Surge pricing](https://www.edgepedia.org/surge-pricing) automatically activates when there are more trip requests than available drivers, adjusting prices in real time within hyperlocal areas using AI for current and forecasted demand; Uber describes it as a "relief valve" and can cap surge in emergencies affecting public safety.[5](https://tb-static.uber.com/prod/uber-static/uber-sites/_pdf/ai-on-uber/US-Algorithmic-Transparency-2026.pdf) In 2019, Uber rolled out a surge model that persists and is driven by where drivers are, letting them count on steadier surge income when they arrive in an area of high demand.[14](https://medium.com/uber-under-the-hood/how-flexible-pricing-keeps-uber-predictable-and-reliable-for-everyone-b5c3ccb5d8bf) A 2025 [Econometrica](https://www.edgepedia.org/econometrica) study using Uber data found surge pricing increases total welfare by 2.15% of gross revenue relative to uniform pricing: rider surplus rises by 3.57% of gross revenue while driver surplus falls by 0.98% and the platform's profits fall by 0.50%. Riders at all income levels benefit; among drivers, those working long hours are hurt the most, especially women.[15](https://jstor.econometricsociety.org/publications/econometrica/2025/09/01/Who-Benefits-from-Surge-Pricing)
**Automated enforcement.** The Dutch Data Protection Authority fined Uber €825 million ($966 million) on 21 August 2026 for deactivating driver accounts through automated systems without adequately informing them.[16](https://www.reuters.com/world/dutch-regulator-fines-uber-966-million-automating-driver-suspensions-document-2026-08-21/)
## Pricing and driver economics
Uber keeps the difference between what a customer pays and what a driver earns, excluding tips, tolls, and certain fees, taxes, and surcharges; this amount varies by trip and week.[17](https://www.uber.com/us/en/drive/how-much-drivers-make/) Under its flexible pricing model, rider and driver fares are calculated separately with a variable Service Fee; Uber states its average Service Fee for all U.S. trips has stayed under 20% for years, and on some trips the fee is negative, meaning Uber loses money to honor both upfront prices.[14](https://medium.com/uber-under-the-hood/how-flexible-pricing-keeps-uber-predictable-and-reliable-for-everyone-b5c3ccb5d8bf) Drivers receive 100% of tips.[17](https://www.uber.com/us/en/drive/how-much-drivers-make/)
The take rate is contested. Uber states its global share of fares has remained relatively stable at 21% in Q3 2025, with rider-driver differences reflecting taxes, insurance, and third-party costs.[6](https://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/swiss-ai/ill-be-ais-worst-nightmare-uber-drivers-fight-runs-through-switzerland/92129222) [Consumer Reports](https://www.edgepedia.org/consumer-reports)' tests found Uber and Lyft take between 43 and 49.5% of each fare, and that starting around September 2022 Uber gradually increased passenger prices and decreased driver pay, raising its share from 32% in 2022 to 42% by the end of 2024; Uber responded that it does not personalize prices and that the "same" trips in the tests were different trips priced differently due to changing real-time conditions.[7](https://www.consumerreports.org/money/questionable-business-practices/uber-lyft-different-prices-for-same-ride-and-fake-discounts-a1093538909/) • [18](https://www.aol.com/articles/traffic-distance-algorithms-factors-rideshare-145500193.html) Industry data point the same direction on drivers' share: Uber paid drivers 10.5% less on average than pre-pandemic, with drivers' share of the fare falling from 72.6% in 2019 to 60.7% in the first half of 2024.[19](https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/new-global-rideshare-report---first-half-2024-obis-unique-datasets-uncover-new-rideshare-trends-302254566.html)
**Dynamic pay.** In Q1 2023 Uber introduced dynamic pricing of fares in London, ending fares as a simple function of time and distance. A longitudinal audit of 1.5 million trips from 258 UK drivers found that after the change, pay decreased, Uber's cut increased, and job allocation and pay became less predictable; the median driver share of the fare fell to 71%, with some trips as low as 50–60%, and only 46% of drivers maintained an average driver share of 75% or above.[20](https://www.arxiv.org/pdf/2506.15278) Uber's average surplus per worker hour rose 38%, from £8.47 (January 2020–February 2022) to £11.70 (March 2023–October 2024).[20](https://www.arxiv.org/pdf/2506.15278) In Europe, an ETUC-commissioned Oxera report found one Belgian driver's average monthly commission rose from 25% in September 2024 to 30.6% in January 2026, despite Uber's commitment that dynamic pay would not exceed the previous fixed 25% rate, and estimated affected drivers lose about €7,500 a year in the Netherlands and about £5,300 a year in the UK.[8](https://standardisation.etuc.org/sites/default/files/publication/file/2026-09/Uber-dynamic-pay-Europe-report_final_updated.pdf) Dynamic pay inputs confirmed by Uber include supply and demand conditions, geo-location, availability, time of day, traffic, weather, and market competition, none of which drivers can see.[8](https://standardisation.etuc.org/sites/default/files/publication/file/2026-09/Uber-dynamic-pay-Europe-report_final_updated.pdf) Legal scholar Veena Dubal has called this personalized pay system, which CEO Khosrowshahi acknowledged in 2024, a form of "algorithmic wage discrimination," in which two workers can be paid differently for the same job based on work histories and phone data.[21](https://www.nybooks.com/online/2024/05/09/inside-uber-political-machine/)
## By the numbers
Q4 2024 Gross Bookings grew 18% year-over-year to $44.2 billion, with Mobility Gross Bookings of $22.8 billion and Delivery Gross Bookings of $20.1 billion; trips grew 18% to 3.1 billion, about 33 million per day, and Monthly Active Platform Consumers reached 171 million, up 14%, with 6.0 monthly trips per MAPC.[2](https://investor.uber.com/news-events/news/press-release-details/2025/Uber-Announces-Results-for-Fourth-Quarter-and-Full-Year-2024/default.aspx) Drivers and couriers earned an aggregate $20.0 billion including tips in that quarter, up 16%.[2](https://investor.uber.com/news-events/news/press-release-details/2025/Uber-Announces-Results-for-Fourth-Quarter-and-Full-Year-2024/default.aspx) By Q4 2025 Uber operated at a 15 billion annual trip run-rate (40 million+ trips per day, up 22%) with 202 million monthly active users, up 18%.[3](https://s23.q4cdn.com/407969754/files/doc_earnings/2025/q4/transcript/Uber-Q4-25-Prepared-Remarks.pdf)
Revenue by region grew from 2023 to 2025: United States and Canada from $20,436 million to $26,469 million, EMEA from $9,904 million to $16,364 million, Latin America from $2,512 million to $3,327 million, and APAC from $4,429 million to $5,857 million.[4](https://d18rn0p25nwr6d.cloudfront.net/CIK-0001543151/2008116a-351a-4154-801e-0df0f7dbe9dd.html) In Europe, Uber reported generating €24 billion of economic value to the EU in 2024, saving Europeans 48 million hours of travel time annually worth about €379 million, with drivers and delivery people earning more than $6 billion on the platform in the EU that year.[22](https://tb-static.uber.com/prod/uber-static/uber-sites/_pdf/ai-on-uber/Algorithmic_Transparency_7.pdf)
## How it compares with Lyft and incumbents
Uber and Lyft together control roughly 95% of the U.S. ride-hailing market, and both are now profitable.[7](https://www.consumerreports.org/money/questionable-business-practices/uber-lyft-different-prices-for-same-ride-and-fake-discounts-a1093538909/) Uber's ride-hailing profits (excluding food delivery) nearly quadrupled from about $2.1 billion in 2019 to nearly $7.9 billion in 2025, while Lyft went from a loss of about $679 million in 2019 to a profit of nearly $529 million in 2025.[7](https://www.consumerreports.org/money/questionable-business-practices/uber-lyft-different-prices-for-same-ride-and-fake-discounts-a1093538909/) An audit of identical trips on the two platforms found price dispersion exists, but only 16.1% of consumers who open one app also open the other, limiting effective price comparison.[23](https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w34441/w34441.pdf) From July 2023 through June 2024, Uber's national average U.S. price rose 9.75% from $28.18 to $30.93 and Lyft's rose 9.8% from $28.17 to $30.93, nearly identical trajectories.[19](https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/new-global-rideshare-report---first-half-2024-obis-unique-datasets-uncover-new-rideshare-trends-302254566.html) In London, by contrast, prices have stayed relatively stable due to competition among multiple rideshare companies.[19](https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/new-global-rideshare-report---first-half-2024-obis-unique-datasets-uncover-new-rideshare-trends-302254566.html)
## Regulation and driver status
In February 2021, ending a five-year legal battle, the UK Supreme Court ruled that Uber had to treat its drivers as workers rather than self-employed, entitling them to the minimum wage, holiday pay, and a pension.[9](https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/resources/idt-f2971465-73d2-4932-a889-5c63778e273d) The ruling's scope remains contested in practice: the Court held that working time includes time logged into the app and available to accept trip requests, but Uber still pays only for time on trip and en route to pickup. On Uber's definition, average UK driver pay was £29.46 per hour across 2020–2024; on the Employment Tribunal's broader definition it was £15.98.[20](https://www.arxiv.org/pdf/2506.15278) In the United States, the [National Labor Relations Board](https://www.edgepedia.org/national-labor-relations-board) has declared Uber drivers independent contractors without collective bargaining rights, and California voters approved [Proposition](https://www.edgepedia.org/proposition) 22 in 2020, one of the most expensive ballot measures in U.S. history, allowing Uber, Lyft, and other gig apps to classify drivers as independent contractors under the measure.[10](https://www.icij.org/investigations/uber-files/uber-global-rise-lobbying-violence-technology/) • [7](https://www.consumerreports.org/money/questionable-business-practices/uber-lyft-different-prices-for-same-ride-and-fake-discounts-a1093538909/)
Academic analysis describes Uber's U.S. regulatory politics as "disruptive regulation," characterized by a challenger-incumbent cleavage rather than existing models of regulation.[24](https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/perspectives-on-politics/article/abs/disrupting-regulation-regulating-disruption-the-politics-of-uber-in-the-united-states/B7691A244DDF05EF1AE23FE82326FC04) In September 2026, a class action covering about 241,000 drivers across the EU and UK alleged Uber unlawfully used automated decision-making, including profiling, in dynamically setting pay and allocating work.[25](https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2026/sep/02/uber-drivers-europe-legal-action-ai-algorithm)
## Safety and controversies
Uber states that of the billions of trips completed each year, 99.9% have ended without any reported safety incident.[1](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1543151/000130817926000125/uber_courtesypdf.pdf) It has published a U.S. Safety Report every two years and engages RALIANCE, a national partnership dedicated to ending sexual violence, to independently validate its application of the Sexual Misconduct and Violence Taxonomy; its motor vehicle fatality data is cross-referenced against [National Highway Traffic Safety Administration](https://www.edgepedia.org/national-highway-traffic-safety-administration) data.[1](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1543151/000130817926000125/uber_courtesypdf.pdf) Since 2018, a portion of executive incentive compensation has been tied to measurable improvements in global safety outcomes, including reductions in critical sexual assaults and motor vehicle crash fatalities.[1](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1543151/000130817926000125/uber_courtesypdf.pdf) Its Safety Risk Assessed Dispatch (S-RAD) system prioritizes more experienced drivers for higher-risk trip pairings and has reduced the sexual assault and misconduct report rate by 10% since launch, part of an overall 44% drop from 2017 to 2022; Uber states the rate of the most serious incidents is 1 in 5,000,000 trips.[5](https://tb-static.uber.com/prod/uber-static/uber-sites/_pdf/ai-on-uber/US-Algorithmic-Transparency-2026.pdf)
The Uber Files leak documented earlier tactics: a "kill switch" used to cut off access to Uber's main data systems when offices were raided by authorities, and the Greyball tool, which showed law enforcement officials a "fake view" of the app with no cars or phantom cars. The kill switch was discussed by Uber executives in at least six countries; Uber said it stopped using Greyball and the kill switch in 2017.[26](https://www.theguardian.com/news/2022/jul/15/embrace-the-chaos-a-history-of-ubers-rapid-expansion-and-fall-from-favour) • [11](https://www.theguardian.com/news/2022/jul/10/uber-files-leak-reveals-global-lobbying-campaign)
## Recent developments
Uber achieved its first annual operating profit in 2023, and its operating margin and share price have risen since.[8](https://standardisation.etuc.org/sites/default/files/publication/file/2026-09/Uber-dynamic-pay-Europe-report_final_updated.pdf) Full-year 2025 delivered $8.7 billion in [Adjusted EBITDA](https://www.edgepedia.org/adjusted-ebitda) (up 35%) and $9.8 billion in free cash flow (up 42%), the fifth consecutive year of 20%+ annual Gross Bookings growth.[3](https://s23.q4cdn.com/407969754/files/doc_earnings/2025/q4/transcript/Uber-Q4-25-Prepared-Remarks.pdf) Uber One membership reached 30 million members in Q4 2024, growing roughly 60% year-over-year across 34 countries.[2](https://investor.uber.com/news-events/news/press-release-details/2025/Uber-Announces-Results-for-Fourth-Quarter-and-Full-Year-2024/default.aspx)
**Autonomy.** Uber partners with more than 30 autonomous vehicle technology companies globally and is building AV Labs, a business unit to collect and share real-world driving data with AV developers.[27](https://techcrunch.com/2026/07/13/ubers-robotaxi-lobbying-effort-has-put-it-on-a-collision-course-with-waymo/) It launched the UK's first robotaxis in London, with robotaxi fares set the same as standard UberX, Uber Electric, or Uber Comfort journeys and upfront fares shown in the app.[28](https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/ce9e838jzpzo) Uber also opposes proposed robotaxi rules it argues would hand Waymo a de facto monopoly, lobbying instead for robotaxis to operate on ride-hailing networks that also use human drivers.[27](https://techcrunch.com/2026/07/13/ubers-robotaxi-lobbying-effort-has-put-it-on-a-collision-course-with-waymo/)
## References
1. [Uber 2026 Proxy Statement and Notice of Annual Meeting of Stockholders, SEC](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1543151/000130817926000125/uber_courtesypdf.pdf)
2. [Uber Announces Results for Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2024, Uber Investor Relations](https://investor.uber.com/news-events/news/press-release-details/2025/Uber-Announces-Results-for-Fourth-Quarter-and-Full-Year-2024/default.aspx)
3. [Uber Q4 2025 Prepared Remarks](https://s23.q4cdn.com/407969754/files/doc_earnings/2025/q4/transcript/Uber-Q4-25-Prepared-Remarks.pdf)
4. [Uber Technologies revenue by segment/region, SEC financial statement exhibit](https://d18rn0p25nwr6d.cloudfront.net/CIK-0001543151/2008116a-351a-4154-801e-0df0f7dbe9dd.html)
5. [Uber US Algorithmic Transparency Report (2026)](https://tb-static.uber.com/prod/uber-static/uber-sites/_pdf/ai-on-uber/US-Algorithmic-Transparency-2026.pdf)
6. [Uber drivers' fight against algorithms runs through Switzerland, Swissinfo](https://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/swiss-ai/ill-be-ais-worst-nightmare-uber-drivers-fight-runs-through-switzerland/92129222)
7. [How Uber and Lyft Use Artificial Intelligence to Price Rides, Consumer Reports](https://www.consumerreports.org/money/questionable-business-practices/uber-lyft-different-prices-for-same-ride-and-fake-discounts-a1093538909/)
8. [Uber dynamic pay in Europe, ETUC/Oxera report](https://standardisation.etuc.org/sites/default/files/publication/file/2026-09/Uber-dynamic-pay-Europe-report_final_updated.pdf)
9. [Uber Files: Greyballing, kill switches, lobbying, BBC News](https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/resources/idt-f2971465-73d2-4932-a889-5c63778e273d)
10. [How Uber won access to world leaders, ICIJ Uber Files](https://www.icij.org/investigations/uber-files/uber-global-rise-lobbying-violence-technology/)
11. [Uber broke laws, duped police and secretly lobbied governments, The Guardian](https://www.theguardian.com/news/2022/jul/10/uber-files-leak-reveals-global-lobbying-campaign)
12. [Dara Khosrowshahi Drives Uber, Harvard Business School case](https://store.hbr.org/product/dara-khosrowshahi-drives-uber/326014)
13. [Matching and Pricing in Ride Hailing: Wild Goose Chases and How to Solve Them, Management Science](https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1287/mnsc.2022.00096)
14. [How Flexible Pricing Keeps Uber Predictable and Reliable, Uber Under the Hood](https://medium.com/uber-under-the-hood/how-flexible-pricing-keeps-uber-predictable-and-reliable-for-everyone-b5c3ccb5d8bf)
15. [Who Benefits from Surge Pricing? Econometrica (2025)](https://jstor.econometricsociety.org/publications/econometrica/2025/09/01/Who-Benefits-from-Surge-Pricing)
16. [Dutch regulator fines Uber $966 million for automating driver suspensions, Reuters](https://www.reuters.com/world/dutch-regulator-fines-uber-966-million-automating-driver-suspensions-document-2026-08-21/)
17. [How Much Do Drivers Make? Uber](https://www.uber.com/us/en/drive/how-much-drivers-make/)
18. [Traffic, distance and algorithms: what factors go into rideshare fares? AOL](https://www.aol.com/articles/traffic-distance-algorithms-factors-rideshare-145500193.html)
19. [Obi Global Rideshare Report, First Half 2024](https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/new-global-rideshare-report---first-half-2024-obis-unique-datasets-uncover-new-rideshare-trends-302254566.html)
20. [Not even nice work if you can get it: a longitudinal study of Uber's algorithmic pay and pricing, arXiv](https://www.arxiv.org/pdf/2506.15278)
21. [Inside Uber's Political Machine, The New York Review of Books](https://www.nybooks.com/online/2024/05/09/inside-uber-political-machine/)
22. [Uber Algorithmic Transparency Report 2025 (international/EU edition)](https://tb-static.uber.com/prod/uber-static/uber-sites/_pdf/ai-on-uber/Algorithmic_Transparency_7.pdf)
23. [NBER Working Paper 34441: audit of Uber and Lyft pricing](https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w34441/w34441.pdf)
24. [Disrupting Regulation, Regulating Disruption: The Politics of Uber in the United States, Perspectives on Politics](https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/perspectives-on-politics/article/abs/disrupting-regulation-regulating-disruption-the-politics-of-uber-in-the-united-states/B7691A244DDF05EF1AE23FE82326FC04)
25. [Uber drivers launch European class action over AI algorithm, The Guardian](https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2026/sep/02/uber-drivers-europe-legal-action-ai-algorithm)
26. ['Embrace the chaos': a history of Uber's rapid expansion and fall from favour, The Guardian](https://www.theguardian.com/news/2022/jul/15/embrace-the-chaos-a-history-of-ubers-rapid-expansion-and-fall-from-favour)
27. [Uber's robotaxi lobbying effort puts it on a collision course with Waymo, TechCrunch](https://techcrunch.com/2026/07/13/ubers-robotaxi-lobbying-effort-has-put-it-on-a-collision-course-with-waymo/)
28. [What it's like to ride in Uber's new self-driving taxis in London, BBC News](https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/ce9e838jzpzo)
---
*Topic: Encyclopedia › Technology and the built world › Transport and spaceflight › Road transport › Bus and coach transport*
*Initially written Sep 17, 2026 · Reviewed: Sep 30, 2026; Oct 15, 2026 · Edited: Sep 30, 2026; Oct 15, 2026 · Last review: Oct 15, 2026*
*Copyright 2026 EdgeChat AI, a subsidiary of Biostate AI.*
License: Edgepedia Community License 1.0, https://www.edgepedia.org/edgepedia/license