All articles starting with B

Beta-microseminoprotein

Beta-microseminoprotein (β-MSP, PSP94, MSMB) is a 94-amino-acid, non-glycosylated, cysteine-rich prostate-secreted protein of about 10.7 kDa, one of the three predominant prostatic secretory proteins, with five disulfide bonds and studied prostate cancer biomarker roles.

Beta-minus decay

Beta-minus decay is a radioactive decay mode in which a neutron-rich nucleus converts a neutron into a proton, emitting an electron and an antineutrino with a continuous energy spectrum.

Beta-Naphthoflavone

Beta-naphthoflavone, also called 5,6-benzoflavone or β-NF, is a synthetic flavonoid and potent agonist of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor, inducing CYP1A1, CYP1A2, and UGT enzymes; it serves as the standard positive control in enzyme induction studies.

Oct 22, 2026

Beta-Oslo method

The Beta-Oslo method (β-Oslo method) is a nuclear-physics technique that extracts nuclear level densities and γ-ray strength functions from beta-decay spectra, extending the Oslo method to neutron-rich nuclei to constrain neutron-capture rates in the r process.

Beta-propeller protein-associated neurodegeneration

BPAN (SENDA, NBIA5) is a rare X-linked dominant NBIA disorder caused by WDR45 variants, causing childhood seizures and developmental delay, then parkinsonism, dystonia, and dementia in early adulthood.

Beta-sarcoglycan

Beta-sarcoglycan (Beta-SG, 43DAG), encoded by SGCB on 4q12, is a 318-amino-acid type II transmembrane sarcoglycan of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex; SGCB mutations cause LGMDR4 (LGMD2E), a severe limb-girdle muscular dystrophy with frequent cardiomyopathy, now in gene therapy trials.

Beta-sarcoglycan-related limb-girdle muscular dystrophy R4

Beta-sarcoglycan-related limb-girdle muscular dystrophy R4 (LGMDR4, formerly LGMD2E) is an autosomal recessive muscular dystrophy caused by SGCB gene variants, with progressive weakness beginning in childhood and loss of walking around age 20.

Beta-selinene

Beta-selinene is a bicyclic eudesmane sesquiterpene hydrocarbon, C15H24, widespread in plant essential oils including celery seed, hops, calamondin orange, and agarwood, and serving as a volatile precursor of a maize root antibiotic defense compound.

Beta-thalassemia intermedia

Beta-thalassemia intermedia (non-transfusion-dependent beta-thalassemia, Beta-NTDT): autosomal recessive beta-thalassemia form with mild to moderate anemia (Hb 7-10 g/dL) needing no or only occasional transfusion, onset in childhood, ICD-10 D56.1.

Beta-thalassemia major

Beta-thalassemia major (Cooley anemia, beta-TDT) is the severe autosomal recessive HBB-related anemia requiring lifelong transfusions every 3-4 weeks, iron chelation, and curative HSCT or gene therapy (Zynteglo, Casgevy).

Beta-thalassemia-X-linked thrombocytopenia syndrome

Beta-thalassemia-X-linked thrombocytopenia syndrome (XLTT, OMIM 314050) is a rare X-linked recessive GATA1 (Xp11.23) disorder causing macrothrombocytopenia, grey platelets, splenomegaly, and mild beta-thalassemia via R216Q, not HBB mutations.

Oct 22, 2026

Beta-tungsten

Beta-tungsten is a metastable allotrope of tungsten with the A15 crystal structure, stabilized by oxygen in thin films and carrying the largest known spin Hall angle among transition metals.

Beta-ureidopropionase deficiency

Beta-ureidopropionase deficiency (beta-alanine synthase deficiency, UPB1D, OMIM 613161) is a rare autosomal recessive pyrimidine metabolism disorder caused by UPB1 variants on 22q11, causing N-carbamyl-beta-amino aciduria with symptoms from asymptomatic to epilepsy and developmental delay.

Beta/gamma crystallin

Beta/gamma crystallins (βγ-crystallins) are the Greek-key-fold lens proteins, oligomeric β and monomeric γ families, that pack the vertebrate eye lens for refractive power and transparency; mutations cause congenital cataract.

Beta1 Scorpii

Beta1 Scorpii, also known as Acrab, is the brighter component of the naked-eye double Beta Scorpii, a multiple star system about 400 light-years away in Scorpius.

Beta2-adrenergic agonist

Beta2-adrenergic agonists (beta2-agonists, SABA/LABA such as salbutamol, salmeterol, formoterol) are bronchodilator drugs stimulating airway beta2 receptors, frontline for asthma and COPD, developed from 1900s adrenaline through 1968 salbutamol to modern ICS-combination therapy.

Betaab

Betaab (बेताब) is a 1983 Hindi romantic drama directed by Rahul Rawail, starring debutants Sunny Deol and Amrita Singh, with music by R.D. Burman; second highest-grossing Hindi film of 1983.

Betaal

Betaal is a 2020 four-episode Hindi Netflix horror miniseries created by Patrick Graham and Suhani Kanwar, produced by Red Chillies Entertainment with Blumhouse, in which a paramilitary squad displacing tribal villagers awakens East India Company soldier-zombies led by undead Colonel Lynedoch.

Betacam

Betacam is a family of professional videotape formats introduced by Sony in 1982, recording component video on cassettes and becoming the dominant broadcast news-gathering standard of the 1980s and 1990s.

Betaflight

Betaflight is free, open-source flight controller firmware for FPV drones, forked from Cleanflight in 2015; it is the dominant firmware for racing and freestyle quadcopters and is widely used in drone research.

Betahistine

Betahistine (Serc, Betaserc) is an oral prescription H1 agonist/H3 antagonist used for Ménière's disease vertigo; dosed 24-48 mg daily, widely prescribed in Europe but not FDA approved, with weak clinical-trial evidence.

Betaine

Betaine, also called trimethylglycine or glycine betaine, is a zwitterion derived from glycine, first isolated from beets, that acts as an osmolyte and methyl donor in homocysteine metabolism.

Betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase

Betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH, EC 1.2.1.8, ALDH10/AMADH) oxidizes betaine aldehyde to glycine betaine, the last step of plant betaine synthesis; Arabidopsis ALDH10A8/A9 instead detoxify aminoaldehydes to GABA.

Betaine transporter

Betaine transporter: membrane proteins (BCCT family, ABC types such as OpuA/OpuD/BetP/Ota, and mammalian BGT1) that import glycine betaine as an osmoprotectant in bacteria, archaea, and mammals.

Betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase

Betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase (BHMT, EC 2.1.1.5), also called betaine homocysteine methyltransferase, is a cytosolic zinc metalloenzyme converting betaine and homocysteine to dimethylglycine and methionine, the folate-independent remethylation route in liver and kidney.