All articles starting with B
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Boundary mixing
Boundary mixing is turbulent mixing of a stratified fluid on sloping topography, such as ocean margins and lake beds, caused mainly by breaking internal waves.
Boundary object
A boundary object is an artifact or concept shared by groups with different viewpoints, introduced by Susan Leigh Star and James Griesemer in their 1989 study of Berkeley's Museum of Vertebrate Zoology.
Boundary representation
Boundary representation, or B-rep, is a solid modeling method used in computer-aided design that stores a shape's enclosing faces, edges, and vertices rather than its volume.
Boundary scan
Boundary scan is a design-for-testability technique that tests interconnections between chips on a circuit board through a standard Test Access Port, without physical probes, defined by IEEE Std 1149.1.
Boundary settlement of Adad-nirari I and Nazi-Maruttash
The boundary settlement of Adad-nirari I and Nazi-Maruttash was the peace and border agreement between Assyria and Kassite Babylonia after Adad-nirari I's victory, probably around 1280 BC.
Boundary Stelae of Akhetaten
The Boundary Stelae of Akhetaten, also called the Amarna boundary stelae, are sixteen rock-cut stelae around Amarna marking the limits of the capital Akhenaten founded.
Boundary Treaty of 1881 between Chile and Argentina
Boundary of Chile and Argentina 1881 (Tratado de Límites) is a 1881 treaty that settled border disputes and defined the frontier along the Andes at 52° S.
Boundary value analysis
Boundary value analysis (BVA) is a black-box software test design technique that selects test cases at the boundaries of ordered equivalence partitions, where defects are most likely.
Boundary value problem
A boundary value problem is a differential equation with conditions imposed on the solution at two or more separate points of its domain, unlike an initial value problem.
Bounded arithmetic
Bounded arithmetic is a family of weak subsystems of Peano arithmetic, started by Rohit Parikh in 1971, whose provably total functions characterize complexity classes like polynomial time.
Bounded context
A bounded context is a boundary in Domain-Driven Design within which a specific domain model is defined and applies, typically a subsystem or one team's work.
Bounded mean oscillation
Bounded mean oscillation (BMO), also called the John–Nirenberg space, is a function space introduced by Fritz John and Louis Nirenberg in 1961 that strictly contains all bounded functions.
Bounded model checking
Bounded model checking is a formal verification method introduced in 1999 that uses a SAT solver to find counterexamples to a temporal logic specification within a fixed step bound.
Bounded operator
A bounded operator is a linear map between normed vector spaces satisfying an inequality ‖Tx‖ ≤ C‖x‖, equivalently a continuous one, and is central to operator theory.
Bounded rationality
Bounded rationality is the study of decision making that is rational within the cognitive and informational limits of the decision maker, launched by Herbert Simon in 1955.
Bounded variation
Bounded variation is a property of real-valued functions whose total oscillation over an interval is finite; Camille Jordan introduced the class BV in 1881 to study Fourier series.
Boundless
Boundless (Sin límites) is a 2022 Spanish six-episode Amazon Prime Video and RTVE historical miniseries directed by Simon West, starring Rodrigo Santoro as Magellan and Álvaro Morte as Elcano, dramatizing the first circumnavigation; distinct from the Esquire series of the same name.
Boundless Bio
Boundless Bio is a San Diego clinical-stage precision oncology company targeting extrachromosomal DNA, founded in 2018 and listed on Nasdaq under BOLD in March 2024.
Boundstone
Boundstone is a carbonate rock in the Dunham (1962) limestone classification whose original components were bound together organically during deposition, covering reefs, stromatolites, and travertine.
Bounkani
Bounkani is an administrative region of Côte d'Ivoire in the extreme north-east, bordering Burkina Faso and Ghana. Its capital is Bouna, and it is the country's largest region.
Bounty (reward)
Bounty (reward): a monetary reward offered by governments or private parties for information leading to a fugitive's arrest or conviction. Ranges from $5,000 tip rewards to $25 million State Department offers; FBI Ten Most Wanted standard is up to $1 million.
Bounty hunter
Bounty hunter, also called bail enforcement agent or fugitive recovery agent, a private contractor hired by bail bond companies to capture defendants who skip bail; legal in only the US and Philippines, grounded in Taylor v. Taintor (1872).
Bounty Minerals
Bounty Minerals, Inc. is a private Fort Worth, Texas natural gas minerals company, founded in 2012, that owns about 65,000 net mineral acres across Ohio, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.
Bouquet (Gwen Stefani album)
Bouquet is Gwen Stefani's fifth studio album, released November 15, 2024 on Interscope. A 10-track, 33-minute soft rock and country-tinged record about her marriage to Blake Shelton, produced by Scott Hendricks, with the duet Purple Irises and mixed reviews.
Bourbon Democrat
A Bourbon Democrat was a member of the conservative, laissez-faire wing of the Democratic Party from Reconstruction until 1904, dominant under Grover Cleveland and displaced by William Jennings Bryan in 1896.
Bourbon Reforms
The Bourbon Reforms (Reformas borbónicas) were administrative, fiscal, and commercial changes the Spanish Crown applied to its American colonies in the eighteenth century, chiefly under Charles III.
Bourbon Restoration in France
The Bourbon Restoration (French: la Restauration, 1814–1830) was the return of the House of Bourbon under Louis XVIII and Charles X after Napoleon, governed by the Charter of 1814 as a constitutional monarchy until the July Revolution of 1830.
Bourbon Street
Bourbon Street (Rue Bourbon) is the famous nightlife corridor of New Orleans' French Quarter, laid out in 1722, a nightlife hub since the Civil War, site of the January 1, 2025 truck attack that killed 14, and now the subject of pedestrianization and bollard security debates.
Bourbon whiskey
Bourbon whiskey: American whiskey of at least 51% corn, distilled to 160 proof or less and aged in new charred oak; also called Kentucky straight bourbon. Key facts: US-only name, 95% made in Kentucky, sour mash process, ~16 million barrels aging, $10.6 billion industry.
Bourbonne-les-Bains
Bourbonne-les-Bains is a commune and thermal spa town in the Haute-Marne department of the Grand Est region of northeastern France, built around hot springs exploited since antiquity.