All articles starting with B
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Bourdon gauge
A Bourdon gauge is a mechanical pressure gauge in which a curved, flattened metal tube straightens under pressure and moves a pointer, patented by Eugène Bourdon in 1849.
Bourg-St-Pierre
Bourg-St-Pierre (Bourg-Saint-Pierre), Valais commune in Entremont district, Switzerland, at 1,632 m on the Great St Bernard Pass road; medieval transit borough, monastery from 812/820, first recorded 1125, 212 inhabitants in 2000.
Bourgeois drama
Bourgeois drama (French, drame bourgeois) is a genre of eighteenth-century European theater, theorized by Denis Diderot after 1750, that replaced kings and comic servants with middle-class characters in a serious genre between tragedy and comedy.
Bourgeois Fjord
Bourgeois Fjord (Fiord Bourgeois) is a 50 km-long fjord in Marguerite Bay, western Antarctic Peninsula, dividing Loubet Coast from Fallières Coast. Charted by Charcot's 1908-10 expedition and named for Col. Joseph E. Bourgeois; deglaciated about 9,000 years BP.
Bourgeois tragedy
Bourgeois tragedy (German: Bürgerliches Trauerspiel) is a form of tragedy whose characters are private people in bourgeois settings, arising in the 18th century with Lessing's Miss Sara Sampson.
Bourgeoisie
Bourgeoisie: originally medieval town dwellers (bourg, from Latin burgensis, 1007), later the European middle class; in Marxist theory the capitalist owners of the means of production, opposed to the proletariat.
Bourges Cathedral
Bourges Cathedral (Cathédrale Saint-Étienne de Bourges) is a Gothic Roman Catholic cathedral in Bourges, France, begun in 1195 and on the UNESCO World Heritage List since 1992.
Bourgogne-Franche-Comté
Bourgogne-Franche-Comté (BFC, Arpitan Borgogne-Franche-Comtât), a French region created 1 January 2016 by merging Burgundy and Franche-Comté; chef-lieu Dijon, seat Besançon; 2,802,670 inhabitants (2023), eight departments, industrial economy.
Bourke, New South Wales
Bourke is a historic outback town on the Darling River in far north-west New South Wales, Australia, established 1861. Known as the gateway to the outback, once the world's biggest wool railhead, source of the phrase "back o' Bourke".
Bourne (franchise)
Bourne franchise: spy thriller series from Robert Ludlum's Jason Bourne novels; five Universal films (2002-2016) with Matt Damon and Jeremy Renner, over $1.64 billion grossed, Treadstone TV series, and a sixth film, The Bourne Dilemma, in production.
Bourne (novel series)
The Bourne novel series features Jason Bourne, alias of CIA agent David Webb. Ludlum wrote three originals (1980-1990); Lustbader continued it from 2004, then Brian Freeman rebooted it from 2020, totaling 22 books.
Bourne shell
The Bourne shell (sh) is a Unix command interpreter and scripting language written by Stephen R. Bourne at Bell Labs, introduced with Version 7 Unix in 1979.
Bournemouth
Bournemouth, a south-coast English seaside resort founded in 1810 by Lewis Tregonwell, largest of England's seaside towns (196,455 residents, 2021 Census), part of BCP unitary authority, with tourism, Silicon Beach tech, and Victorian resort heritage.
Bournemouth University
Bournemouth University (BU), a public university in Bournemouth and Poole, England, granted university status 27 November 1992 under the Further and Higher Education Act; formerly Bournemouth Municipal College, College of Technology, Dorset Institute, and Bournemouth Polytechnic; over 16,400 students, Talbot Campus, motto Discere Mutari Est.
Bournemouth, Christchurch and Poole Council
Bournemouth, Christchurch and Poole Council (BCP Council) is an English unitary authority formed 1 April 2019 from Bournemouth, Christchurch and Poole borough councils; 76 councillors, 33 wards, over 400,000 residents, no overall control since May 2023.
Bournville
Bournville, Birmingham: model village and garden suburb begun by George and Richard Cadbury around their 1879 chocolate factory, managed by Bournville Village Trust since 1900; 1,000 acres, about 8,000 homes, no pubs.
Bourre
Bourre (bourré, Booray, Boo-Ray) is a Louisiana Cajun trick-taking gambling card game of French origin for 2–8 players, best with seven; anyone who plays and wins no trick must match the pot.
Boursa Kuwait
Boursa Kuwait is the privately owned company that operates Kuwait's stock market, formed in 2014 to take over the state-run Kuwait Stock Exchange and renamed in 2016.
Bourse de Casablanca
The Bourse de Casablanca, the Casablanca Stock Exchange, is Morocco's securities exchange, tracing to 1929 with 80 listed equities and record capitalization of MAD 1,040.7 billion at end-2025.
Bourse de commerce (Paris)
Bourse de Commerce (Paris), a circular former grain and commodities exchange at 2 rue de Viarmes, restored by Tadao Ando and opened 22 May 2021 as the Pinault Collection contemporary art museum.
Bourse Régionale des Valeurs Mobilières S.A
The Bourse Régionale des Valeurs Mobilières (BRVM) is the stock exchange shared by the eight UEMOA countries of West Africa, headquartered in Abidjan and operating fully electronically since 1998.
Boursin cheese
Boursin cheese, a French fresh cow's milk spread also called Gournay cheese, created by François Boursin in Normandy; Garlic & Fine Herbs launched 1963, famous for "Du pain, du vin, du Boursin," now owned by Bel Group.
Bourton-on-the-Water
Bourton-on-the-Water, the 'Venice of the Cotswolds', is a Gloucestershire village on the River Windrush crossed by five low stone bridges, with Birdland, the Model Village and Motoring Museum, and severe overtourism pressures.
Bourvil
Bourvil, stage name of André Robert Raimbourg (1917–1970), was a French singer and comic actor from Normandy who recorded around 300 songs and starred in 62 films.
Bouse, Arizona
Bouse, Arizona: a census-designated place in La Paz County (707 people, 2020), founded 1908 as a mining camp and railhead for Swansea, first named Brayton, later a WWII tank training site.
Bousiris
Bousiris (Busiris, Egyptian per-wesir, "House of Osiris") is the Greek name of several Egyptian places, chiefly the Delta city Djedu, capital of the 9th Lower Egyptian nome, and a mythical king slain by Heracles.
Boussinesq approximation
The Boussinesq approximation simplifies the Navier–Stokes equations for low-Mach-number stratified flows by neglecting density variations everywhere except in terms multiplied by gravity, so buoyancy alone drives the motion.
Boussinesq equation
The Boussinesq equation is a second-order-in-time partial differential equation derived by Joseph Boussinesq around 1872 that models weakly nonlinear, weakly dispersive waves moving in both directions in shallow water.
Boussinesq equations (water waves)
The Boussinesq equations for water waves describe weakly nonlinear, weakly dispersive waves in shallow water, first derived by Joseph Boussinesq in 1872 and now widely used in coastal modeling.
Boussinesq theory (pavement analysis)
Boussinesq theory in pavement analysis applies Boussinesq's 1885 elastic half-space equations, giving stresses, strains, and deflections beneath a surface load; it treats the pavement and subgrade as one layer.