All articles starting with D
24,034 articles
Dimensionality reduction
Dimensionality reduction, also called dimension reduction, transforms high-dimensional data into fewer coordinates while minimizing information loss, through linear methods such as PCA and nonlinear manifold methods such as t-SNE and UMAP.
Dimensionally stable anode
A dimensionally stable anode (DSA) is an inert electrode for industrial electrolysis, a titanium substrate coated with mixed metal oxides such as RuO2 and TiO2.
Dimensioning, weighing and scanning
Dimensioning, weighing and scanning (DWS) is a warehouse data-capture method in which one system measures a parcel's dimensions, records its weight, and reads its barcode for billing.
Dimensionless physical constant
A dimensionless physical constant is a pure number in physics, such as the fine-structure constant, whose value does not depend on the choice of units.
Dimensionless quantity
A dimensionless quantity, also called a dimensionless or unitless quantity, is a physical quantity with no units, such as the Mach number, refractive index, and plane angle.
Dimensions (research database)
Dimensions is a multidisciplinary research database and analytics platform launched by Digital Science in January 2018, linking publications and citations with grants, patents, clinical trials, and policy documents.
Dimeo van der Horst
Dimeo van der Horst, Dutch 3x3 basketball player born 1991 in Amsterdam; won gold for the Netherlands at Paris 2024 after finishing fifth at Tokyo 2020; former Dutch Basketball League guard with BC Apollo Amsterdam.
Dimepiperate
Dimepiperate (CAS 61432-55-1), a thiocarbamate rice agrochemical, S-1-methyl-1-phenylethyl piperidine-1-carbothioate, controls barnyardgrass and safens rice against bensulfuron-methyl, pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, and clomeprop via enhanced metabolism.
Dimercaprol
Dimercaprol, also known as British anti-Lewisite (BAL), is a dithiol chelating agent, 2,3-dimercapto-1-propanol, used to treat poisoning by arsenic, gold, inorganic mercury, and, with edetate calcium disodium, acute lead poisoning.
Dimethachlor
Dimethachlor (2-chloro-N-(2-methoxyethyl)acet-2′,6′-xylidide) is a chloroacetanilide selective herbicide, EU-approved since 1 January 2010, with approval extended until 31 March 2029 pending renewal; distinct from the fungicide dimethachlon.
Dimethenamid
Dimethenamid, a chloroacetamide (Group 15) pre-emergence herbicide, CAS 87674-68-8, C12H18ClNO2S; sold as Frontier, with the S-isomer form dimethenamid-P (Outlook) registered 1999; controls grasses, broadleaf weeds, and sedges in corn, soybeans, and peanuts.
Dimethenamid p
Dimethenamid-P (CAS 163515-14-8), the S-enantiomer-enriched form of dimethenamid, is a BASF chloroacetamide (HRAC K3) preemergence herbicide controlling annual grasses, broadleaf weeds, and sedges in corn, soybean, potato, and other crops.
Dimethindene
Dimethindene (dimetindene, dimethpyrindene; Fenistil, Forhistal) is a first-generation alkylamine H1-antihistamine developed by Ciba in the early 1960s, used topically and intranasally for pruritus, rhinitis, and allergic reactions.
Dimethipin
Dimethipin (CAS 55290-64-7, trade name Harvade) is a heterocyclic herbicide and cotton growth regulator/desiccant registered in the US since 1982, with EPA Group C carcinogen classification, JMPR ADI 0-0.02 mg/kg bw, and a 2007 voluntary cancellation request.
Dimethirimol
Dimethirimol (CAS 5221-53-4) is a hydroxy-(2-amino)pyrimidine systemic fungicide, FRAC Code 8, first marketed in 1970 for glasshouse powdery mildew; resistance appeared in 1970 and it is no longer EU-approved.
Dimethoate
Dimethoate is a systemic organophosphate insecticide and acaricide, introduced on the market in 1956 to control insects including mites, flies, aphids, and plant hoppers; it kills by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase.
Dimethomorph
Dimethomorph (CAS 110488-70-5) is a systemic fungicide of the CAA group, used against oomycete pathogens; the European Commission denied its EU approval in 2024 over toxicity.
Dimethoxyethane
Dimethoxyethane, formally 1,2-dimethoxyethane and commonly called monoglyme, is a colorless, water-miscible ether used as an aprotic solvent in organic synthesis and as the principal ether solvent in lithium battery electrolytes.
Dimethyl carbonate
Dimethyl carbonate, also called carbonic acid dimethyl ester, is a colorless, flammable liquid ester of carbonic acid used as a green methylating agent, solvent, and battery electrolyte co-solvent.
Dimethyl carbonate synthesis from carbon dioxide
Dimethyl carbonate synthesis from carbon dioxide converts CO₂ and methanol into dimethyl carbonate (DMC), directly or via intermediates like ethylene carbonate; low yields from water formation remain the main obstacle.
Dimethyl disulfide
Dimethyl disulfide is a colorless, oily organosulfur liquid with a garlic-like odor, the most commonly used sulfiding agent for activating petroleum refining catalysts and, under the name Paladin, a preplant soil fumigant.
Dimethyl ether
Dimethyl ether (DME, CH₃OCH₃), also called methoxymethane, is the simplest ether, a highly flammable gas used mainly as an aerosol propellant and studied as a soot-free alternative diesel fuel.
Dimethyl ether as an extraction solvent
Dimethyl ether (methoxymethane) as an extraction solvent: a low-boiling liquefied gas that extracts both polar and non-polar food components; FDA GRAS (GRN 741) and EFSA-assessed with residual limits of 3 mg/kg and 9 μg/kg.
Dimethyl fumarate
Dimethyl fumarate (DMF, Skilarence, Fumaderm, Tecfidera) is an oral fumaric acid ester immunomodulator; its active metabolite monomethyl fumarate treats moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis and relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.
Dimethyl isosorbide
Dimethyl isosorbide (DMI) is a high-boiling dipolar aprotic solvent derived from the plant sugar sorbitol, promoted as a bio-based replacement for the reproductive-toxic solvents NMP and DMF.
Dimethyl labeling
Dimethyl labeling is a chemical labeling method for quantitative proteomics in which peptide N-termini and lysine amines are reductively dimethylated with formaldehyde isotopologues, comparing protein abundance across two to five samples in one LC-MS experiment.
Dimethyl malonate
Dimethyl malonate is the dimethyl ester of malonic acid, a colorless liquid whose acidic central methylene underlies the malonic ester synthesis used to build pharmaceuticals and fragrances.
Dimethyl methylphosphonate
Dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP) is a colorless, water-miscible organophosphorus compound used mainly as an additive flame retardant and as the standard simulant for nerve agents such as sarin in detector testing.
Dimethyl oxalate
Dimethyl oxalate is the dimethyl ester of oxalic acid, a crystalline solid made industrially by coupling carbon monoxide with methyl nitrite and hydrogenated to ethylene glycol.
Dimethyl phthalate
Dimethyl phthalate (DMP) is the dimethyl ester of phthalic acid, a colorless oily liquid used as a plasticizer and solvent and once widely as an insect repellent.