All articles starting with D
24,034 articles
Distal duplication 4q syndrome
Distal duplication 4q syndrome (distal trisomy 4q, trisomy 4qter) is a rare chromosomal disorder from partial duplication of chromosome 4's long arm, causing intellectual disability, craniofacial dysmorphism, seizures, and digital anomalies, with 4q33-4q34 as the critical region.
Distal duplication 5q syndrome
Distal duplication 5q syndrome (distal trisomy 5q, trisomy 5qter, ORPHA:96097) is a rare chromosomal disorder from partial duplication of 5q31-qter, causing short stature, moderate intellectual disability, craniofacial dysmorphism, and cardiac, skeletal, and genital anomalies. Distinct from the hematologic 5q- deletion syndrome.
Distal gastrectomy
Distal gastrectomy is an operation that removes the lower portion of the stomach, including the pylorus, performed mainly for gastric cancer of the middle or lower stomach.
Distal hereditary motor neuropathy type 2
Distal hereditary motor neuropathy type 2 (HMN2, HMND2) is an autosomal dominant motor neuron disorder, usually caused by HSPB1 or HSPB8 variants, causing progressive distal leg weakness with normal sensory conduction.
Distal hereditary motor neuropathy type 5
Distal hereditary motor neuropathy type 5 (dHMN5, distal HMN V) is a rare autosomal dominant motor neuron disorder causing hand-muscle wasting, especially thenar and first dorsal interosseus, cold-induced hand cramps, and sometimes foot deformity; mainly caused by BSCL2 and GARS1 variants, allelic with CMT2D, with normal life expectancy.
Distal hereditary motor neuropathy type 7
Distal hereditary motor neuropathy type 7 (dHMN7, distal spinal muscular atrophy with vocal cord paralysis) is a rare autosomal dominant motor neuropathy with hand (thenar) wasting, vocal cord paresis, and facial weakness; forms map to 2q14 (SLC5A7), DCTN1, and TRPV4.
Distal muscle weakness-foot deformity-elevated sorbitol level-hereditary motor neuropathy
SORD deficiency (ORPHA:700508, sorbitol dehydrogenase deficiency) is an autosomal recessive hereditary motor neuropathy caused by SORD gene variants, causing sorbitol accumulation, distal weakness, foot deformity, and potential aldose reductase inhibitor treatment.
Distal muscular dystrophy
Distal muscular dystrophy (distal myopathy) is a group of rare genetic muscle diseases with adult-onset weakness starting in hands, feet, and lower legs; nearly 20 genetically defined entities, mostly sarcomere protein genes, fewer than 1 in 100,000 affected.
Distal myopathy with anterior tibial onset
Distal myopathy with anterior tibial onset (DMAT, OMIM 606768) is a rare autosomal recessive dysferlinopathy caused by DYSF mutations, starting with anterior tibial weakness in the second or third decade and leading to wheelchair dependence 11 to 22 years from onset.
Distal pancreatectomy
Distal pancreatectomy is an operation removing the pancreas body and tail to the left of the mesenteric vein, usually with the spleen, accounting for over 20% of pancreatic resections.
Distal radius fracture
Distal radius fracture (broken wrist): break of the radius near the wrist, about 16% of all fractures; Colles, Smith, and Barton patterns; treated by casting or surgery, with comparable long-term outcomes in the elderly.
Distal renal tubular acidosis
Distal renal tubular acidosis (type 1 RTA, classic RTA): a rare genetic or acquired kidney tubule disorder causing hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis, hypokalemia, nephrocalcinosis, and stones; treated with alkali therapy.
Distal tail protein, C-terminal domain
Distal tail protein, C-terminal domain (Dit CTD, InterPro IPR048272): the galectin-like beta-sandwich domain of phage Dit that forms a sixfold crown binding Tal and receptor binding proteins in siphovirus tail tips.
Distal tail protein, N-terminal domain
Distal tail protein N-terminal domain (Dit NTD): tail tube-fold module of tailed dsDNA phages whose six copies form the hexameric baseplate hub ring linking tail tube to Tal and host-recognition proteins.
Distalmotion
Distalmotion is a Swiss medical robotics company founded in 2012 as an EPFL spin-off, headquartered in Lausanne, that develops DEXTER, a soft-tissue surgical robot for outpatient surgery centers.
Distance
Distance is the scalar length of the path actually traveled between two positions; unlike displacement, it has no direction and depends on the path taken.
Distance (DISTANCE) (2001 film)
Distance (ディスタンス) is Hirokazu Kore-eda's 2001 Japanese drama about relatives of cult mass-murderers, In Competition at Cannes 2001, 132 minutes, starring ARATA, Iseya, Terajima, Natsukawa, and Asano.
Distance (Hikaru Utada album)
Distance is Hikaru Utada's second studio album, released March 28, 2001 on Toshiba EMI's Eastworld label (TOCT-24601); it set Japan's all-time first-week sales record of 3.00 million copies and ranks fourth in Oricon history.
Distance (musician)
Distance is the stage name of Greg Sanders, a British dubstep producer and DJ from London, active since 2003 and known as an originator of the original dubstep sound.
Distance correlation
Distance correlation is a measure of statistical dependence between two random vectors, introduced by Székely, Rizzo, and Bakirov in 2007, that is zero if and only if they are independent.
Distance counseling
Distance counseling, also known as telepsychology or telemental health, is the delivery of psychotherapy and counseling remotely by phone, video, email, chat, or text, which became mainstream during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Distance education
Distance education: formal, institution-based learning where teachers and learners are separated by space or time, delivered via correspondence, broadcast, telecommunications, or online platforms; distinct from blended and open learning.
Distance from a point to a line
The distance from a point to a line, also called the perpendicular distance, is the length of the shortest segment joining the point to the line, minimized by the perpendicular.
Distance geometry
Distance geometry is a mathematical method that determines possible three-dimensional structures of molecules from a set of distances between pairs of points, mainly from NMR data.
Distance matrix
A distance matrix is a square matrix recording the pairwise distances between elements of a finite set, with a symmetric, zero-diagonal form when the distance is a metric.
Distance measuring equipment
Distance measuring equipment (DME) is an aviation radio navigation system that measures the distance between an aircraft and a ground station by timing radio pulses.
Distance modulus
The distance modulus is the difference between an astronomical object's apparent and absolute magnitude, μ = m − M, which provides a direct measure of its distance.
Distance redshift relation
The distance redshift relation links an object's redshift, the stretching of its light by cosmic expansion, to its distance; measured with supernovae, it revealed the accelerating expansion driven by dark energy.
Distance relay
A distance relay is a protective relay, designated ANSI device 21, that measures voltage-to-current ratio to detect and locate faults within a set electrical distance of a power line.
Distance sampling
Distance sampling is a suite of survey methods, built on line and point transects, that estimates animal or plant density and abundance from measured distances to detected individuals.