All articles starting with D
24,034 articles
Distance transform
The distance transform assigns each point of a binary image the distance to the nearest object pixel, under metrics like Euclidean or city-block, supporting skeletonization, segmentation, and path planning.
Distance-regular graph
A distance-regular graph is a connected graph where, for any two vertices at a given distance, the counts of neighbors at each distance depend only on that distance.
Distance-vector routing protocol
A distance-vector routing protocol is a distributed routing protocol in which each router knows only the distance and next hop to each destination, as reported by its immediate neighbors.
Distancing effect
Distancing effect (Verfremdungseffekt, alienation effect) is Bertolt Brecht's epic-theatre technique of anti-illusive devices, songs, placards, and detached acting, coined after Mei Lanfang's 1935 Moscow performance, that keeps spectators critical rather than empathetic.
Distant retrograde orbit
A distant retrograde orbit, also known as a quasi-satellite orbit (QSO), is a stable orbit around a body like the Moon, first studied by John Jackson in 1913.
Distant supervision
Distant supervision is a technique for automatically labeling training data by aligning a knowledge base with an unlabeled corpus, introduced for relation extraction by Mintz et al. at Stanford in 2009.
Distant Voices, Still Lives
Distant Voices, Still Lives is a 1988 British film in which director Terence Davies reconstructs working-class family life in wartime and postwar Liverpool through fragmented memories, winning the Fipresci Prize at Cannes.
Distarch phosphate
Distarch phosphate (E1412, INS 1412) is a phosphate cross-linked modified food starch used as a thickener and stabilizer, valued for heat, acid, shear, and freeze-thaw stability; GRAS in the US (GRN 705) and re-evaluated as safe by EFSA.
Disteghil Sar
Disteghil Sar (Distaghil Sar, دستاغل سر), 7,885 m, is the highest peak of the Hispar Muztagh in Pakistan's Karakoram, first climbed June 9, 1960 by Austrians Stärker and Marchart via the south face; second ascent 1982.
Distemper
Distemper (Дистемпер) is a Russian ska-punk band founded in Moscow in 1989 and described as the first known ska band from Russia, with 16 studio albums.
Distensão
Distensão (Portuguese for "distension" or "decompression") was the policy of gradual political liberalization pursued by Brazil's military government from 1974 under General Ernesto Geisel, starting the country's democratization.
Distichlis
Distichlis (saltgrass), genus of dioecious rhizomatous halophytic grasses in Poaceae, native to temperate and subtropical America and Australia; includes D. spicata, used for turf, forage, and salt marsh restoration.
Distichlis spicata
Distichlis spicata, saltgrass (also alkali, inland, or coastal saltgrass), is a rhizomatous halophytic grass native to temperate and subtropical America, tolerating salinity up to about 1 M NaCl and used for forage, turf, restoration, and salt-soil remediation.
Distigmine
Distigmine (Ubretid), distigmine bromide, is a long-acting reversible carbamate cholinesterase inhibitor approved in Japan in 1967 for myasthenia gravis and underactive bladder, with 72-hour half-life and cholinergic crisis as its key risk.
DistilBERT
DistilBERT is a smaller, faster version of the BERT language model, introduced in October 2019 by Hugging Face using knowledge distillation during pre-training rather than task-specific compression.
Distillation
Distillation is a separation process that splits a liquid mixture into its components by partial vaporization and condensation, exploiting differences in volatility or boiling point.
Distilled water
Distilled water is water purified by boiling it into vapor and condensing the vapor back to liquid, leaving dissolved salts, minerals, and most contaminants behind.
Distillers corn oil
Distillers corn oil (DCO) is corn oil recovered after fermentation in dry-mill ethanol plants, unfit for food use without refining and used for livestock feed and biodiesel.
Distillers dried grains with solubles
Distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) is a protein-rich livestock feed co-product of fuel ethanol production and the dominant co-product of the US dry-grind ethanol industry.
Distinct Motive
Distinct Motive, the stage name of Phil Shore, is a Canadian dubstep producer and DJ from Ontario making dark, minimal, dub-influenced music at 140 BPM.
Distinction between social democracy and democratic socialism
The distinction between social democracy and democratic socialism concerns two overlapping labels for the reformist democratic left, once nearly synonymous, diverging after 1917 and postwar rejection of mandatory nationalization.
Distinctive Plant Collection (奇花异卉园, w126984824)
Distinctive Plant Collection (奇花异卉园, also 奇花异木园) is a 1999-built themed garden of the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, CAS, in Mengla, Yunnan, displaying about 250 to 300 tropical oddity plants such as dancing grass and miracle fruit.
Distinguished Conduct Medal
Distinguished Conduct Medal (DCM), British and Commonwealth gallantry medal created 4 December 1854 for NCOs and other ranks, second to the Victoria Cross, discontinued 1993 and replaced by the Conspicuous Gallantry Cross.
Distinguished Flying Cross (United Kingdom)
The Distinguished Flying Cross is a UK gallantry award for bravery in active operations against the enemy in the air, instituted by King George V in June 1918.
Distinguished Flying Cross (United States)
Distinguished Flying Cross (DFC), U.S. military decoration established 2 July 1926 for heroism or extraordinary achievement in aerial flight; first awarded to Charles Lindbergh; designed by Elizabeth Will and Arthur E. DuBois; distinct from the British DFC.
Distinguished Service Cross (Australia)
Distinguished Service Cross (DSC), Australia's highest distinguished service decoration, introduced 1991 for distinguished command and leadership in warlike operations; distinct from the Imperial DSC, awarded by the Governor-General, post-nominals DSC.
Distinguished Service Cross (United Kingdom)
The Distinguished Service Cross (DSC) is a British gallantry award for exemplary bravery in operations against the enemy at sea, created in 1901 and open to all ranks since 1993.
Distinguished Service Cross (United States)
The U.S. Distinguished Service Cross (DSC) is the Army's second-highest valor decoration, created in 1918, awarded for extraordinary heroism not justifying the Medal of Honor, distinct from the Australian and UK crosses of the same name.
Distinguished Service Medal (Australia)
Distinguished Service Medal (DSM), Australian military decoration introduced in 1991 by Letters Patent, awarded only for distinguished leadership in warlike operations, second level of the Distinguished Service Decorations below the DSC, with post-nominal DSM.
Distinguished Service Medal (U.S. Air and Space Forces)
The Distinguished Service Medal (U.S. Air and Space Forces), under 10 U.S.C. § 9273, rewards exceptionally meritorious service in a duty of great responsibility; one award per person, with devices for later acts.