All articles starting with E
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Ethereum Virtual Machine
The Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) is the decentralized runtime environment that executes smart contracts and processes transactions on Ethereum, adopted in compatible form by many other blockchains.
Ethernet
Ethernet is a family of wired local area network technologies, standardized as IEEE 802.3, invented at Xerox PARC in 1973 by Robert Metcalfe and David Boggs.
Ethernet Alliance
The Ethernet Alliance is a global non-profit industry consortium, formed in 2006 by 18 member companies, that promotes Ethernet technologies and interoperability of IEEE 802 Ethernet standards.
Ethernet crossover cable
An Ethernet crossover cable is a twisted-pair cable wired so transmit pins connect to receive pins, linking two similar devices, such as two computers or switches, directly.
Ethernet extender
An Ethernet extender, also called a LAN extender or network extender, is a matched pair of devices that extends Ethernet beyond the 100-meter limit over existing telephone or coaxial cable.
Ethernet flow control
Ethernet flow control, also known as PAUSE flow control, is a link-level mechanism where a receiver tells its peer to stop transmitting, standardized in IEEE 802.3x in 1997.
Ethernet frame
An Ethernet frame is the unit of data transmitted over Ethernet, defined by the 1980 DIX specification and IEEE 802.3, with MAC addresses, a payload, and a CRC.
Ethernet hub
An Ethernet hub, also called a multiport repeater, is a Layer 1 network device that repeats every signal to all ports, later displaced by switches.
Ethernet LAN service
Ethernet LAN service (E-LAN) is a Carrier Ethernet service type, defined by MEF, that connects three or more subscriber sites in a multipoint-to-multipoint Layer 2 network.
Ethernet over coax
Ethernet over coax is the practice of carrying Ethernet data over existing coaxial cable using adapter pairs, with MoCA 2.5 reaching rates up to 2.5 Gbps.
Ethernet over fiber
Ethernet over fiber is the transmission of Ethernet frames over optical fiber rather than copper cable, giving far longer reaches and speeds up to 400 Gb/s in the IEEE 802.3-2022 standards.
Ethernet over PDH
Ethernet over PDH (EoPDH) is a set of ITU-T standards that transport Ethernet frames over legacy PDH links such as DS1, E1, DS3, and E3.
Ethernet over SDH
Ethernet over SDH (EoSDH), also known as Ethernet over SONET, is a set of standardized methods for carrying Ethernet frames over SDH networks using GFP, VCAT, and LCAS, marketed as Next Generation SDH.
Ethernet over twisted pair
Ethernet over twisted pair, or UTP Ethernet, is the IEEE 802.3 physical layer family carrying Ethernet over twisted copper cable, starting with 1BASE5 in 1987 and now spanning 10 Mb/s to 40 Gb/s.
Ethernet physical layer
The Ethernet physical layer is the portion of the IEEE 802.3 standard that encodes and decodes frames for transmission, implemented by a device called the PHY.
Ethernet Powerlink
Ethernet Powerlink is an industrial Ethernet protocol for hard real-time automation communication, introduced by Austrian company B&R in 2001 and available open source since 2003.
Ethernet train backbone
The Ethernet train backbone (ETB) is the Ethernet network linking the vehicles of a train, defined by the IEC in 2014 as part of the Train Communication Network.
EtherNet/IP
EtherNet/IP, short for Ethernet Industrial Protocol, is an industrial Ethernet network protocol introduced in 2001 that adapts the Common Industrial Protocol to standard Ethernet and TCP/IP for manufacturing and process automation, managed by ODVA.
Ethernovia
Ethernovia is a San Jose, California semiconductor startup founded in 2018 by Ramin Shirani that builds automotive Ethernet transceivers and packet processors for software-defined vehicles, robotics, and industrial networking.
EtherType
EtherType is a two-octet field in an Ethernet frame that identifies the protocol carried in the frame's payload, with values assigned by the IEEE Registration Authority.
Ethic Entertainment
Ethic Entertainment, often shortened to Ethic, is a Kenyan gengetone group formed in 2018 in Nairobi's Eastlands, whose debut song "Lamba Lolo" is credited with launching gengetone.
Ethical code
Ethical code: written principles and standards adopted by professions, corporations, and governments to guide member conduct. Known from Percival's 1803 Medical Ethics, the AMA 1847 code, and SPJ's 1926 journalism code; effectiveness evidence is mixed.
Ethical dilemma
An ethical dilemma, also called a moral dilemma, is a situation in which every available action is backed by a valid moral principle, so obeying one requires breaching another.
Ethical egoism
Ethical egoism, a normative ethical theory paired with rational egoism and opposed to psychological egoism, holds that each person morally ought to maximize self-interest; discussed by Sidgwick, Baier, Rand, and Burgess-Jackson, and criticized as arbitrary and unable to resolve conflicts of interest.
Ethical naturalism
Ethical naturalism, or moral naturalism, is the metaethical view that moral facts are stance-independent natural facts within a scientific worldview. Key figures include Moore, Foot, and the Cornell realists; central debates involve the open question argument and normativity.
Ethical Policy
The Ethical Policy (Ethische Politiek) was a Dutch colonial welfare program for the Netherlands Indies, proclaimed by Queen Wilhelmina in 1901 and built on irrigation, education, and emigration.
Ethical socialism
Ethical socialism (ethischer Sozialismus) justifies socialism through moral or Kantian ethical argument rather than historical inevitability; associated with Cohen, Natorp, Bernstein, Nelson, Tawney, and Temple, and distinct from Marxist scientific socialism.
Ethically Aligned Design
Ethically Aligned Design is an ethics framework for autonomous and intelligent systems published by the IEEE Global Initiative on Ethics of Autonomous and Intelligent Systems in 2019.
Ethicists
Ethicists, also called bioethicists or clinical ethicists, are professionals trained in philosophical or theological ethics who analyze ethical dilemmas in clinical, research, and policy settings, chiefly through hospital ethics consultation.
Ethicon
Ethicon is a surgical technology company and operating company of Johnson & Johnson that makes sutures, surgical staplers, skin adhesives, and energy devices, since 2024 branded under Johnson & Johnson MedTech.