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Ethiopian calendar
The Ethiopian calendar, also called the Ge'ez calendar, is Ethiopia's official solar calendar, with 13 months and a year count running 7 to 8 years behind the Gregorian.
Ethiopian church mural painting
Ethiopian church mural painting is the tradition of monumental painted wall decoration in the churches of the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church, with the earliest known works dating to the 12th or 13th century.
Ethiopian church wall painting
Ethiopian church wall paintings are religious murals in Ethiopian Orthodox churches depicting biblical scenes, the Virgin Mary, saints, and angels, a tradition dating from the 4th century AD.
Ethiopian Civil War
Ethiopian Civil War: the 1974-1991 war between the Derg junta and EPLF/TPLF insurgents that ended in 1991, and related internal conflicts including the 2020-2022 Tigray war (about 500,000-600,000 deaths) and renewed 2026 fighting.
Ethiopian coffee ceremony
The Ethiopian coffee ceremony, called buna maflat in Amharic, is a domestic ritual in which coffee is roasted, brewed in a clay jebena, and served in three rounds.
Ethiopian conquest of Zeila
The Ethiopian conquest of Zeila was the early 15th-century campaign in which Ethiopian emperors Dawit I and Yeshaq I defeated the sultanate of Ifat and seized its port of Zeila.
Ethiopian cuisine
Ethiopian cuisine: the food tradition of Ethiopia (wot stews, injera flatbread, berbere spice). Known for the three-round coffee ceremony (buna), doro wat national dish, fasting-driven vegan dishes, fermented foods, and t'edj honey wine.
Ethiopian Democratic Union
The Ethiopian Democratic Union (EDU) was a monarchist armed movement led by former imperial nobles and officers that fought Ethiopia's Derg government from the mid-1970s until 1991.
Ethiopian Electric Utility
Ethiopian Electric Utility (EEU; Amharic: የኢትዮጵያ ኤሌክትሪክ አገልግሎት) is Ethiopia's fully government-owned power distributor, created in 2013 when the state utility was split in two.
Ethiopian Empire (የኢትዮጵያ ንጉሠ ነገሥት መንግሥት)
Ethiopian Empire (የኢትዮጵያ ንጉሠ ነገሥት መንግሥት), also called Abyssinian Empire: Solomonic Christian monarchy founded by Yekuno Amlak in 1270, ruled through gult land grants, and ended by the 1974 overthrow of Haile Selassie.
Ethiopian eunuch
The Ethiopian eunuch is the unnamed treasury official of Queen Kandake in Acts 8, whom Philip meets and baptizes on the desert road from Jerusalem to Gaza.
Ethiopian Highlands
Ethiopian Highlands: uplifted flood-basalt plateau of Ethiopia, split by the Rift Valley, source of 86% of Nile flow at Aswan, home to endemic wildlife and site of major land degradation and restoration programs.
Ethiopian icon diptychs and triptychs
Ethiopian icon diptychs and triptychs are two- and three-panel painted devotional images on wood, often hinged, that spread in fifteenth-century Ethiopia under Emperor Zärʾa Yaʿǝqob and typically show the Virgin and Child flanked by archangels.
Ethiopian illuminated manuscripts
Ethiopian illuminated manuscripts are hand-produced Christian books, written mostly in Geʿez and decorated with painted miniatures, with an estimated 200,000 held in Ethiopian monasteries and churches.
Ethiopian invasion of Somalia
The Ethiopian invasion of Somalia was a December 2006 military intervention by Ethiopia against the Union of Islamic Courts, at the invitation of Somalia's Transitional Federal Government.
Ethiopian Jews in Israel
Beta Israel (ביתא ישראל), Ethiopian Jews in Israel: 171,600 residents of Ethiopian origin in 2023, brought mainly by Operations Moses (1984–85) and Solomon (1991); recognized as Jews in 1973 by Ovadia Yosef after a Radbaz-era precedent, with contested giyur le-humra conversions and documented gaps in education, policing, and integration.
Ethiopian manuscript illumination
Ethiopian manuscript illumination is the painted decoration of Ethiopian Orthodox Christian manuscripts in Ge'ez, produced from late antiquity to the present with a distinctive palette and vine-like harag ornament.
Ethiopian National Defense Force (የኢትዮጵያ ብሔራዊ መከላከያ ኃይል)
Ethiopian National Defense Force (የኢትዮጵያ ብሔራዊ መከላከያ ኃይል), ENDF: Ethiopia's national military, created from the EPRDF army after 1991. Ground forces, air force, Republican Guard, navy; about 150,000 troops before the 2020-2022 Tigray war.
Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church (የኢትዮጵያ ኦርቶዶክስ ተዋሕዶ ቤተ ክርስቲያን)
The Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church is an Oriental Orthodox church centered in Ethiopia, founded in 328, autocephalous since 1950, with an 81-book canon and a Ge'ez liturgy.
Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front
Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF): ethno-regional ruling coalition of Ethiopia from 1991 to December 2019, dominated by the TPLF, adopter of ethnic federalism and the developmental state, dissolved into Abiy Ahmed's Prosperity Party.
Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Party
The Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Party (EPRP) is a Marxist party founded abroad in April 1972, remembered as Ethiopia's first modern political party and a target of the Red Terror.
Ethiopian processional crosses
Ethiopian processional crosses (mäsqäl, Amharic/Ge'ez; the processional type is qäqwami mäsqäl) are large metal crosses on staffs carried by Ethiopian Orthodox priests in processions and festivals.
Ethiopian refugees in Sudan
Ethiopian refugees in Sudan were populations who crossed into eastern Sudan from the 1970s through the 1980s, fleeing conflict, drought, and the famine of 1984–85 in northern Ethiopia.
Ethiopian Revolution
The Ethiopian Revolution was the 1974 popular uprising that deposed Emperor Haile Selassie and brought the Derg military council to power, ruling Ethiopia until 1991.
Ethiopian student movement
The Ethiopian student movement was the radicalized student opposition to Emperor Haile Selassie that, between the mid-1960s and 1974, became Ethiopia's major opposition force and helped spark the 1974 revolution.
Ethiopian units of measurement
Ethiopian units of measurement are traditional local units for grain, land, and household goods, still used in rural markets despite the metric system, Ethiopia's legal system since 1963.
Ethiopian wolf
Ethiopian wolf (Canis simensis), Simien jackal or Simien fox: endangered Afroalpine canid endemic to Ethiopian Highlands, 454 wolves in six isolated populations, rodent specialist, threatened by rabies and habitat loss.
Ethiopian World Federation
The Ethiopian World Federation (EWF) is a Pan-African organization founded in New York City in 1937 at Emperor Haile Selassie's request to unite Black support for Ethiopia.
Ethiopian–Adal War
The Ethiopian–Adal War, known in Arabic as the Futūḥ al-Habesha, was a 1529–1543 war between the Sultanate of Adal under Imam Ahmad al-Ghazi and the Ethiopian Empire.
Ethiopian–Ifat war
The Ethiopian–Ifat war was a fourteenth-century conflict in which King Amda Seyon of Ethiopia invaded the Muslim Sultanate of Ifat, annexing it by 1332 and destroying its independence.