All articles starting with F
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Feria de Aguascalientes
The Feria de Aguascalientes, officially the Feria Nacional de San Marcos, is an annual fair held each April and May in Aguascalientes, Mexico, described as the largest fair in Latin America.
Feria de Cali
The Feria de Cali, historically the Feria de la Caña, is an annual salsa festival in Cali, Colombia, held around 25 to 30 December since 1957.
Feria de Culiacán
The Feria de Culiacán is an annual livestock fair in Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico, held since 1972 by the state's cattle ranchers' union, with concerts and charrería.
Feria de Irapuato
The Feria de Irapuato, also known as the Feria de las Fresas (Strawberry Fair), is an annual fair in Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico, held each March at the Inforum fairgrounds.
Ferid Murad
Ferid Murad (1936–2023) was an Albanian-American physician and pharmacologist who discovered that nitric oxide signals in the cardiovascular system, winning the 1998 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
Feride Hilal Akın
Feride Hilal Akın is a Turkish pop singer, songwriter, and actress born in Ankara in 1996, who broke out in 2019 when "Yok Yok" topped Turkey's Kral Liste.
Ferin Head
Ferin Head, also historically Île Férin or Ferin Island, is a headland on the Graham Coast of Graham Land, Antarctica, 4 nautical miles north of Holtedahl Bay, charted as an island by Charcot's 1908–10 expedition and remapped as a headland by the BGLE in 1935.
Feringa's light-driven molecular motor
Feringa's light-driven molecular motor is a synthetic molecule, first reported by Ben Feringa in 1999, that rotates unidirectionally under light and earned part of the 2016 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
Ferit Hoxha
Ferit Hoxha is an Albanian career diplomat and politician serving as Minister for Europe and Foreign Affairs under Prime Minister Edi Rama, after serving as Albania's ambassador to the European Union.
Ferland Mendy
Ferland Mendy (Ferland Sinna Mendy), French left-back born 1995, Real Madrid since 2019 with 13 titles including two Champions Leagues, 10 France caps, known for defensive solidity after rising from Le Havre and Lyon.
Ferlin family
Ferlin family: six mammalian Fer-1-like genes (dysferlin, otoferlin, myoferlin, Fer1L4-6), tail-anchored proteins with five to seven C2 domains regulating calcium-dependent vesicle fusion; DYSF mutations cause LGMD2B and Miyoshi myopathy, OTOF mutations cause DFNB9 deafness.
Ferlo Biosphere Reserve
Ferlo Biosphere Reserve (Réserve de biosphère du Ferlo), a UNESCO Man and the Biosphere site created in 2012 in northern Senegal, covering about 2,057,862 ha of Sahelian sylvo-pastoral land, including the Ferlo Nord and Ferlo Sud fauna reserves, managed for mobile pastoralism and conservation.
FERM domain
FERM domain (IPR000299), a ~300-amino-acid protein module named for 4.1 protein, ezrin, radixin, moesin; localizes proteins to the plasma membrane, clover-shaped three-lobe fold, found in ERM proteins, talin, FAK, JAKs.
Fermagate
Fermagate (iron-magnesium hydroxycarbonate, ALPHAREN) is an investigational calcium-free oral phosphate binder with a hydrotalcite structure, developed by Ineos Healthcare for hyperphosphatemia in hemodialysis; phase 2 trials showed dose-dependent phosphate lowering, but phase 3 was stopped and it was never approved.
Fermana
Fermana is an Italian association football club based in Fermo, in the Marche region, founded in 1920; it played in Serie C until 2024 and now competes in Eccellenza Marche.
Fermanagh and South Tyrone (UK Parliament constituency)
Fermanagh and South Tyrone is a constituency of the United Kingdom Parliament in Northern Ireland. It is geographically the largest Northern Irish constituency and has a history of closely contested elections. Pat.
Fermat number
A Fermat number is an integer of the form 2^(2^n) + 1, named after Pierre de Fermat. Only the first five, 3 through 65537, are known to be prime.
Fermat pseudoprime
A Fermat pseudoprime to a base is a composite number that satisfies Fermat's little theorem, so it passes the Fermat primality test; the smallest base-2 example is 341.
Fermat's Last Theorem
Fermat's Last Theorem, also called Wiles' theorem, states that xⁿ + yⁿ = zⁿ has no positive integer solutions for n > 2, proved by Andrew Wiles in 1995.
Fermat's little theorem
Fermat's little theorem is a number theory result stating that a^(p-1) ≡ 1 mod p for any prime p not dividing a. Fermat stated it in 1640.
Fermat's principle
Fermat's principle, also called the principle of least time, is the statement of geometrical optics that light takes the path whose travel time is stationary, from which reflection and Snell's law follow.
Fermat's theorem on sums of two squares
Fermat's theorem on sums of two squares, also called Fermat's Christmas Theorem, states that an odd prime is a sum of two squares exactly when it is 1 modulo 4.
Ferme générale
The Ferme générale, or Farmers-General, was a private French syndicate that leased the right to collect most indirect taxes from 1726 until its abolition in 1791.
Fermentation
Fermentation: anaerobic metabolism in which organic compounds serve as both electron donor and acceptor, regenerating NAD+ for glycolysis; also the microbial process behind foods, beer, wine, and modern precision fermentation, defined by Pasteur in 1857.
Fermentation and curing of olives
Fermentation and curing of olives: processing methods (Spanish lye, Greek natural brine, Californian oxidation, dry salt) that remove bitter oleuropein and preserve table olives via lactic acid bacteria and yeasts.
Fermentation in food processing
Fermentation in food processing, or food fermentation, uses yeasts, bacteria, and molds to convert carbohydrates into alcohols or organic acids, preserving foods like yogurt, beer, and kimchi.
Fermentation in winemaking
Fermentation in winemaking: yeast (mainly Saccharomyces cerevisiae) converts grape glucose and fructose to ethanol and CO2, followed by optional malolactic fermentation; temperature control, inoculated versus spontaneous fermentation, and stuck-fermentation risks define the process.
Fermentation theory
Fermentation theory explains anaerobic sugar metabolism: glycolysis yields 2 ATP and 2 NADH, and fermentation regenerates NAD+ by reducing pyruvate to lactate, ethanol, or other products, unlike 36-ATP respiration.
Fermentation-derived vanillin
Fermentation-derived vanillin (bio-vanillin) is vanillin made by microbial or enzymatic bioconversion of ferulic acid, eugenol, lignin, or glucose; GRN 1230 approved an E. coli SI-VAN1 process, priced between synthetic (USD 10/kg) and natural vanilla.
Fermented Foods
Fermented foods, or fermented foodstuffs, are foods made through desired microbial growth and enzymatic conversions, per the ISAPP definition. Includes yogurt, kimchi, kefir, sauerkraut, tempeh; studied for gut health, safety, and EFSA health-claim evidence.