All articles starting with F

Fet

Fet: former municipality in Akershus, Norway, on Nedre Romerike with center Fetsund; founded 1838, merged with Skedsmo and Sørum into Lillestrøm municipality on 1 January 2020.

Fet is an IAU-approved impact crater on Mercury near the equator at about 180 degrees longitude, named in 1985 for Russian poet Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet (1820-1892); Gazetteer sources list diameters of 24.00 km and 79.00 km.

FET y de las JONS

FET y de las JONS (Falange Española Tradicionalista y de las JONS) was Franco's single legal state party, created by the Unification Decree of 19 April 1937 by merging Falange with the Carlist Comunión Tradicionalista; it lasted until 1977 as the Movimiento Nacional.

Feta (φέτα)

Feta (φέτα) is the Greek PDO white brined cheese made from sheep milk or sheep with up to 30% goat milk in designated mainland and Lesbos regions, ripened at least two months in brine; protected since 2002.

Fetal acetylcholine receptor antibody-related disorder

FARAD, fetal acetylcholine receptor antibody-related disorder, also called FARIS: maternal anti-fetal-AChR antibodies cross the placenta, causing arthrogryposis to persistent myopathy; preventable with pregnancy immunotherapy, salbutamol helps survivors.

Fetal akinesia deformation sequence

Fetal akinesia deformation sequence (FADS, Pena-Shokeir phenotype/syndrome type I): heterogeneous pattern of fetal akinesia, arthrogryposis, growth retardation, lung hypoplasia, and facial anomalies from any cause of absent fetal movement.

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD), also called fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs), is an umbrella term for lifelong conditions caused by prenatal alcohol exposure, including fetal alcohol syndrome, pFAS, ARND, ARBD, and ND-PAE; preventable, with global prevalence about 0.77%.

Fetal alcohol syndrome

Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS), also called syndrome alcoolique foetal, is the most severe fetal alcohol spectrum disorder: a teratogenic malformation syndrome from maternal drinking in pregnancy, marked by growth deficiency, three facial anomalies, and CNS impairment.

Fetal blood loss

Fetal blood loss (ICD-11 KA80, 胎児失血) is loss of blood from the fetal circulation during pregnancy, labour, or delivery, including fetomaternal hemorrhage, vasa praevia, ruptured cord, and co-twin hemorrhage, causing fetal anemia or death.

Fetal bovine serum

Fetal bovine serum (FBS), also called fetal calf serum (FCS), is blood serum from bovine fetuses, used since the late 1950s as a growth supplement in cell culture media.

Fetal carbamazepine syndrome

Fetal carbamazepine syndrome, a drug embryofetopathy from prenatal carbamazepine exposure: facial dysmorphism, nail hypoplasia, spina bifida, cardiac and cleft anomalies, dose-dependent malformation risk.

Fetal cardiomyocyte

Fetal cardiomyocyte (CL:0002495; embryonic or neonatal cardiomyocyte): a proliferating, mononucleated heart muscle cell not yet terminally differentiated; it builds the fetal heart by hyperplasia before maturing via binucleation, isoform switching, and oxidative metabolism.

Fetal circulation

Fetal circulation: the placenta-based circulatory system of the fetus, using the ductus venosus, foramen ovale, and ductus arteriosus shunts to bypass the liver and lungs; converts to neonatal circulation at birth.

Fetal cytomegalovirus syndrome

Fetal cytomegalovirus syndrome, also called congenital CMV (cCMV), results from transplacental CMV infection of the fetus; about 1 in 200 US newborns is infected, 1 in 5 develops sequelae, and sensorineural hearing loss is the leading disability.

Fetal derived definitive erythrocyte

Fetal derived definitive erythrocyte (CL:0002357): an enucleated red blood cell from fetal liver definitive erythropoiesis, arising from yolk sac EMP and HSC waves, smaller than primitive erythrocytes and carrying hemoglobin F.

Fetal Development

Fetal development: the week-by-week growth of a human from zygote to blastocyst, embryo (weeks 5–10), and fetus until birth at 37–42 weeks, plus clinical growth monitoring.

Fetal echocardiography

Fetal echocardiography is a detailed prenatal ultrasound of the fetal heart, the gold standard for diagnosing congenital heart disease before birth, typically performed at 18-22 weeks for high-risk pregnancies or abnormal screening.

Fetal electrocardiography

Fetal electrocardiography (fECG) records the fetal heart's electrical activity to assess cardiac rhythm and wellbeing, using noninvasive maternal abdominal electrodes or a fetal scalp electrode applied during labor.

Fetal Heart Rate

Fetal heart rate (FHR), also called fetal heart monitoring via cardiotocography or electronic fetal monitoring, is the fetus's heartbeat rate, normally 110–160 bpm, used to assess fetal well-being during labor.

Fetal heart rate monitoring

Fetal heart rate monitoring, called cardiotocography (CTG) or electronic fetal monitoring (EFM), records the fetal heart rate and uterine contractions during pregnancy and labor, and is the most common obstetric procedure in the United States.

Fetal hemoglobin (α2γ2)

Fetal hemoglobin (HbF, α2γ2) is the fetus's oxygen carrier, two alpha and two gamma globin chains with high oxygen affinity; silenced after birth by BCL11A and reactivated by hydroxyurea and CRISPR gene therapy for sickle cell disease and beta-thalassemia.

Fetal hydantoin syndrome

Fetal hydantoin syndrome, also called phenytoin embryofetopathy, is a drug-related embryofetopathy from prenatal phenytoin exposure, causing craniofacial anomalies, nail and distal phalanx hypoplasia, growth retardation, and developmental delay in roughly 5 to 10 percent of exposed fetuses.

Fetal methylmercury syndrome

Fetal methylmercury syndrome, or congenital Minamata disease (水俣病), is prenatal brain poisoning caused when maternal seafood-borne methylmercury crosses the placenta, first certified in Japan in 1962.

Fetal Monitoring

Fetal monitoring: surveillance of fetal well-being in labor via intermittent auscultation (Pinard, Doppler) or continuous electronic fetal monitoring (cardiotocography, CTG). Halves neonatal seizures but raises cesarean rates; IA recommended for low-risk women.

Fetal pulse oximetry

Fetal pulse oximetry is a labor-monitoring technique that measures fetal arterial oxygen saturation through a sensor placed after the membranes rupture, as an adjunct to fetal heart rate monitoring.

Fetal surgery

Fetal surgery is the operative treatment of a fetus in the womb to correct congenital anomalies such as spina bifida, twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome, and diaphragmatic hernia.

Fetal Therapies

Fetal therapies are prenatal medical and surgical interventions, from transplacental drugs and ultrasound-guided procedures to fetoscopic and open surgery, for conditions such as twin-twin transfusion syndrome, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, and myelomeningocele, validated by trials including MOMS.

Fetal Tissue Transplantation

Fetal tissue transplantation: transfer of tissue from dead embryos or fetuses into patients, mainly fetal dopaminergic neurons for Parkinson's disease; two US RCTs (74 patients) showed no clear benefit; NIH banned elective-abortion fetal tissue research in 2026.

Fetal trimethadione syndrome

Fetal trimethadione syndrome is a pattern of birth defects from prenatal exposure to trimethadione, an antiepileptic drug used for absence seizures, first delineated in 1975.