All articles starting with F
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Flag of the Philippines
Flag of the Philippines: national flag of blue, white and red with an eight-rayed golden-yellow sun and three stars, sewn in Hong Kong in 1898 by Marcela Agoncillo, regulated by Republic Act No. 8491.
Flag of the Republic of China (中华民国国旗)
Flag of the Republic of China (中华民国国旗), the Blue Sky, White Sun, and Wholly Red Earth flag (青天白日滿地紅): red field with blue canton and 12-rayed white sun, designed by Lu Hao-tung with red added by Sun Yat-sen, constitutionally fixed in Article 6 and legislated in 1928.
Flag of the Soviet Union
The flag of the Soviet Union was the state flag of the USSR from 1922 to 1991: a red field with a gold hammer, sickle, and star.
Flag of the United Arab Emirates
Flag of the United Arab Emirates: green, white, black horizontal bands with a red vertical hoist band; designed by 19-year-old Abdullah Mohammed Al Maainah in a 1971 competition, first raised 2 December 1971.
Flag of the United Kingdom
The Union Jack, formally the Union Flag, is the national flag of the United Kingdom. It combines the crosses of England, Scotland, and Ireland, first merged in 1606.
Flag of the United Nations
Flag of the United Nations: light blue supranational flag adopted 20 October 1947 (resolution 167(II)), bearing the white UN emblem of a north polar azimuthal equidistant world map in crossed olive branches, designed by OSS team led by Oliver Lundquist and Donal McLaughlin.
Flag of the United States
Flag of the United States (Stars and Stripes, Old Glory): national flag adopted by the Second Continental Congress on June 14, 1777, with 13 stripes and one star per state (currently 50), proportions set by Executive Order 10834, and an advisory Flag Code.
Flag of Toronto
Flag of Toronto: municipal flag designed 1974 by Rene De Santis, showing City Hall's twin towers as a white T on Pantone 287 blue with a red maple leaf for the Council Chamber; adopted unanimously November 6, 1974, re-adopted 1999 after amalgamation.
Flag of Turkey
Flag of Turkey (Türk Bayrağı): red field with white crescent and star, constitutionally defined in Article 3, fixed by Flag Law No. 2893 of 1983 and earlier 1936 law, with precise geometric and fabric standards.
Flag of Uganda
Flag of Uganda: national flag adopted 9 October 1962 at independence, six black-yellow-red stripes with a grey crowned crane on a white disc; colors of the UPC, legally defined by the 1962 National Flag and Armorial Ensigns Act.
Flag of Ukraine
State flag of Ukraine (Державний прапор України): blue-over-yellow horizontal bicolor with 2:3 ratio, adopted by Verkhovna Rada resolution 2067-XII on 28 January 1992, first raised over parliament 4 September 1991, with Flag Day on 23 August since 2004.
Flag of Uruguay
Flag of Uruguay (Pabellón Nacional): nine white and light-blue stripes with the Sun of May in the canton, ratio 2:3. First adopted 18 December 1828 with nine blue stripes; the 12 July 1830 decree set the current four blue stripes representing the nine original departments.
Flag of Utah
Flag of Utah: the Beehive Flag, official March 9, 2024, replaced the 1911 seal flag, now the historic state flag, after the More Than A Flag redesign campaign and S.B. 31.
Flag of Vatican City
Flag of Vatican City: square yellow-and-white vertical bicolour with crossed keys and papal tiara, adopted 8 June 1929 after the Lateran Treaty; colors date to Pius VII's 1808 cockade order.
Flag of Venezuela
Flag of Venezuela (Bandera de Venezuela): national tricolor of yellow, blue, and red with eight white five-pointed stars in an arc on the blue band, created by Miranda in 1806, adopted in 1811, and given its eighth star in 2006.
Flag of Victoria (state)
Flag of Victoria: Australian state flag, a British Blue Ensign with five white Southern Cross stars and a St Edward's Crown, adopted 1870, crown added 1877; no Commonwealth Star, unlike the national flag.
Flag of Vietnam
Flag of Vietnam (Quốc kỳ Việt Nam): red rectangle with a gold five-pointed star, width two-thirds of length per the constitution; first appeared in the November 1940 Nam Ky uprising, Viet Minh banner, national flag by Ho Chi Minh's decree of 5 September 1945, affirmed 1946, flag of unified Vietnam since 1976.
Flag of Wales
Flag of Wales (Baner Cymru, Y Ddraig Goch): national flag showing a red dragon passant on white over green, officially adopted February 1959 by royal decree; dragon symbol dates to Cadwaladr c. 655 CE and Henry VII's Tudor colours.
Flag officer
Flag officer: a senior naval officer above captain entitled to fly a personal command flag; in US usage paired with general officer for pay grades O-7 to O-10. Covers ranks, commodore dispute, flags, and statutory caps.
Flag Private Equity
Flag Private Equity was a private equity fund-of-funds series run by FLAG Capital Management of Stamford, Connecticut, raising over $423 million before Aberdeen Asset Management acquired the manager in 2015.
Flag qubit
A flag qubit is an ancilla qubit in quantum error correction that detects faults in syndrome-extraction circuits, enabling fault tolerance with far fewer extra qubits.
Flag semaphore
Flag semaphore, also called semaphore flags, is a visual signaling system in which a person holds two hand-held flags at set angles to represent letters and numerals.
FLAG-IDA regimen
FLAG-IDA, also known as FLAG-Ida, is an intensive chemotherapy regimen combining fludarabine, high-dose cytarabine, idarubicin, and G-CSF, used mainly for relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia in patients under 60.
Flag-Smasher
Flag-Smasher: Marvel Comics anti-nationalist terrorist created by Mark Gruenwald and Paul Neary, first appearing in Captain America #312 (December 1985) as Karl Morgenthau; later Guy Thierrault; adapted as Karli Morgenthau's Flag Smashers in The Falcon and the Winter Soldier.
FLAG-tag
FLAG-tag: eight-amino-acid epitope tag DYKDDDDK (Hopp, 1988) fused to proteins for anti-FLAG antibody detection and immunoaffinity purification; M1/M2/M5 antibodies, peptide elution, 3xFLAG, and tyrosine-sulfation failure in secreted proteins.
Flagellant
A flagellant is a person who practices ritual whipping as penance or mourning, from medieval Christian movements beginning at Perugia in 1260 to Shi'a tatbir during Muharram.
Flagellar filament outer layer protein FlaA
FlaA, flagellar filament outer layer protein (InterPro IPR006714): the spirochete periplasmic flagellar sheath protein around a FlaB core, 37–44 kDa, type II secreted; also the name of major flagellins in Vibrio, Helicobacter, and Campylobacter.
Flagellar motor switch protein FliG
FliG (flagellar motor switch protein G), bacterial C-ring rotor protein with FliM and FliN; interacts with MotA/MotB stator to generate torque and switch flagellar rotation between clockwise and counterclockwise.
Flagellate
Flagellate: an informal term for any protist bearing one or more eukaryotic flagella (whiplike locomotor organelles with a 9+2 axoneme). Includes heterotrophic grazers (1–450 μm), algae, and parasites; not a valid taxon.
Flagellation
Flagellation, from Latin flagellare, is whipping oneself or others as punishment, penance, or ritual. Distinguished from mere flogging by its disciplinary, religious (Peter Damian, 1260 and 1349 Flagellants), and judicial histories.