All articles starting with F
15,892 articles
Flagellation of Christ
Flagellation of Christ, also Scourging at the Pillar or Flagellazione di Gesù: the Passion episode of Jesus flogged by Pilate's order (Matthew 27:26; Mark 15:15; Luke 23:16; John 19:1), its Roman punishment context, and its iconography from the column convention to Piero della Francesca's panel.
Flagellin
Flagellin (FliC, formerly hag) is the structural protein of the bacterial flagellar filament; up to 20,000 monomers form a ~20 nm, ~10 μm rotating helix, and it is detected by TLR5 and cytosolic NLRs.
Flagellin, H7-serospecific domain
Flagellin H7-serospecific domain: the epitope-bearing region of E. coli FliC defining the H7 flagellar antigen, mapped to amino acids 352-374 (annotated 337-489), decisive for O157:H7 serotyping.
Flagellum
Flagellum: hairlike motility appendage in three unrelated forms. Bacterial flagella rotate via an ion-powered ~45 nm motor; archaea use type IV pilus-related archaella (renamed 2012); eukaryotes use beating 9+2 axoneme flagella with dynein.
FlagEval
FlagEval, also known as Libra, is an open-source evaluation platform built by the Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence in 2022 to benchmark foundation models across language, vision, and audio tasks.
Flagler College
Flagler College is a private liberal arts college in St. Augustine, Florida, founded in 1968 in Henry Flagler's 1888 Hotel Ponce de León; coeducational since 1971, with 42 majors, about 2,400 students, and a first-place 2027 U.S. News regional ranking.
Flagpole Sitta
"Flagpole Sitta" is a 1997 song by Seattle alternative rock band Harvey Danger from Where Have All the Merrymakers Gone?, released as their debut single in April 1998, peaking at No. 3 on Billboard Modern Rock Tracks and later the Peep Show theme.
Flagrant foul
Flagrant foul: basketball penalty for unnecessary (Flagrant 1) or unnecessary and excessive (Flagrant 2) contact; NBA awards two free throws plus possession, ejects on Flagrant 2 or second flagrant.
Flags and arms of cantons of Switzerland
Flags and arms of the cantons of Switzerland: the 26 cantons each have an official square banner-of-arms flag and coat of arms, listed in constitutional precedence, with Standesfarben, Baselstab croziers, and protection under the 2013 Coat of Arms Protection Act.
Flags of Africa
Flags of Africa: the 54 national flags of the continent's UN-recognised countries, also called African national flags. Built on two Pan-African palettes from Ethiopia and the 1920 UNIA flag, oldest Liberia 1847, newest Mauritania 2017.
Flags of Europe
Flags of Europe: the national flags of European states plus the shared European flag, 12 gold stars on blue, adopted by the Council of Europe in 1955 and the EU in 1985; Nordic cross and tricolour design families.
Flags of New York City
Flags of New York City: the official orange-white-blue vertical tricolor with the city seal, adopted 27 April 1915 with Dutch 1625 colors, plus the mayor's, council, borough, and NYPD flags.
Flags of Our Fathers (film)
Flags of Our Fathers is a 2006 Clint Eastwood war drama, produced with Steven Spielberg, based on James Bradley's book about the Iwo Jima flag-raisers and the war bond tour; companion to Letters from Iwo Jima.
Flags of the Confederate States of America
Flags of the Confederate States of America: three national flags, the Stars and Bars (1861), Stainless Banner (1863), and Blood-Stained Banner (1865), plus the Army of Northern Virginia battle flag, the rectangular "rebel flag" never a national flag.
Flags of the Ottoman Empire
Flags of the Ottoman Empire: tughs, Zulfiqar war banners, the 1793 eight-pointed-star naval ensign, and the 1844 red crescent-and-star national flag that became Turkey's flag.
Flags of the Soviet Republics
The flags of the Soviet Republics were the official flags of the 15 union republics of the Soviet Union from 1922 to 1991, including autonomous republic flags.
Flags of the U.S. states and territories
Flags of the U.S. states and territories: official banners of the 50 states, DC, and the territories. Mostly adopted after the 1893 Chicago exposition; about half are seal-on-blue designs, now being replaced, with Minnesota and Utah adopting new flags in 2024.
Flags of the World (website)
Flags of the World, also known as FOTW or Flagspot, is a vexillological website and association begun as a mailing list in 1993 by Giuseppe Bottasini of Milan.
FLAGS register
The FLAGS register, extended as EFLAGS and RFLAGS, is the x86 status register holding single-bit arithmetic results and system flags controlling interrupts, I/O privilege, and processor modes.
Flagship
A flagship is the ship carrying a fleet's commander, usually an admiral, distinguished by flying his flag; figuratively it means any leading example of a class.
Flagship Airlines Flight 3379
Flagship Airlines Flight 3379 was an American Eagle commuter flight that crashed near Raleigh-Durham International Airport on December 13, 1994, killing 15 of the 20 aboard.
Flagship Pioneering
Flagship Pioneering is a biotechnology venture-creation firm based in Cambridge, Massachusetts, founded by Noubar Afeyan, who was elected to the National Academy of Engineering in 2022.
Flagstaff War
The Flagstaff War, also known as the Northern War, was an 1845–1846 conflict in New Zealand's Bay of Islands between Ngāpuhi chief Hōne Heke and British forces.
Flagstaff, Arizona
Flagstaff, Arizona: county seat of Coconino County, a mountain city at about 7,000 feet near the San Francisco Peaks, founded from an 1876 flag-raising, a railroad hub from 1882, home of Northern Arizona University and Lowell Observatory, and a Route 66 city.
Flagstaff, AZ Metro Area
Flagstaff, AZ Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA code 22380): a single-county Arizona metro covering all of Coconino County, population about 145,000, centered on the city of Flagstaff and Northern Arizona University.
Flaherty Island
Flaherty Island, largest island of the Belcher Islands in southeastern Hudson Bay, Nunavut, Canada; about 1,858 km², named for explorer Robert J. Flaherty, and home to Sanikiluaq, Nunavut's southernmost Inuit community, on its north coast.
Flail (weapon)
The flail, also known as the war flail, is a medieval weapon of solid striking heads joined to a grip by chain or cord, adapted from a grain-threshing tool.
Flail chest
Flail chest: fracture of 3+ adjacent ribs in 2+ places creating a paradoxically moving chest wall segment after blunt trauma. Treated with analgesia and ventilation; surgical rib fixation reduces ventilator days, pneumonia, and mortality.
Flailing
Flailing: threshing grain by beating sheaves with a flail, a two-stick hinged hand tool (handstaff and swingle), historically yielding 20–40 kg/hour; also mechanical flailing with powered flail mowers and heads for cover crops and vegetation control.
Flair (NLP software)
Flair is an open-source Python framework for natural language processing built on PyTorch, released by Zalando Research in 2018 and known for contextual string embeddings and named entity recognition.