All articles starting with F
15,892 articles
Floyd W. Denny
Floyd W. Denny, Jr. was an American pediatrician and infectious-disease researcher who chaired pediatrics at UNC Chapel Hill for twenty years and defined the epidemiology of childhood respiratory infections.
Floyd–Warshall algorithm
The Floyd–Warshall algorithm, also known as Warshall's algorithm, finds the shortest path between every pair of vertices in a weighted directed graph, handling negative edge weights and detecting negative cycles.
FloyyMenor
FloyyMenor (Alan Felipe Galleguillos, born 2005, La Serena, Chile) is a Chilean reggaeton and Latin trap singer whose 2024 hit 'Gata Only' with Cris MJ topped Hot Latin Songs, passed two billion streams, and won a Billboard Latin Music Award.
FLP-FRT recombination
FLP-FRT recombination: the flippase (FLP) recombinase from the yeast 2 microns plasmid recombines 34 bp FRT sites; used for gene integration, marker excision, and conditional genetics, alongside but less efficient than Cre-lox in mammals.
FLSmidth
FLSmidth & Co. A/S is a Danish engineering company founded in Copenhagen in 1882, a leading 20th-century supplier of cement plants that became a pure-play mining technology supplier in 2025.
FLT3
FLT3 (fms related receptor tyrosine kinase 3, CD135, FLK2) is a class III receptor tyrosine kinase gene on 13q12 regulating hematopoiesis; mutated in about 30% of AML, mainly ITD and D835 TKD mutations, targeted by midostaurin, quizartinib, and gilteritinib.
Flt3 ligand
Flt3 ligand (FLT3L, FL, CDX-301, Mobista) is a hematopoietic cytokine binding the Flt3/CD135 receptor tyrosine kinase; it expands early progenitors and dendritic cells, synergizes with other growth factors, and is used in cancer vaccine trials.
FLT4
FLT4 (VEGFR3, FLT-4), human gene ID 2324 on chromosome 5, encodes the VEGFC/VEGFD receptor tyrosine kinase driving lymphangiogenesis; mutations cause Milroy disease lymphedema and predispose to Tetralogy of Fallot.
FLTK
FLTK (Fast Light Toolkit) is a lightweight, cross-platform C++ GUI toolkit for X11, Windows, macOS, and OpenGL, created by Bill Spitzak and distributed under an LGPL-style license.
Flu (film)
Flu (감기) is a 2013 South Korean disaster film directed by Kim Sung-soo, starring Jang Hyuk and Soo Ae, about a 100%-fatal airborne avian flu outbreak in Bundang near Seoul, mass quarantine, over 3 million admissions, and later COVID-19 reappraisal.
FLU M
Flu-M (Флю-М) is a Russian trivalent inactivated split influenza vaccine by SPbSRIVS FMBA, registered 2018, WHO prequalified 2025; distinct from Flu-M Tetra and from FLU-v.
Flu season
Flu season: the annual fall-winter period of peak influenza circulation, peaking December-February in the U.S.; tracked by CDC FluView, managed with annually updated trivalent vaccines, 40-60% effective when matched.
Fluacrypyrim
Fluacrypyrim is a synthetic strobilurin-class acaricide that kills mites by inhibiting mitochondrial electron transport at complex III; introduced in 2002 for fruit crops and sold as Titaron, it is not approved in the European Union.
Fluad quadrivalent
Fluad Quadrivalent (FLUAD QUADRIVALENT, Influenza Vaccine, Adjuvanted) is Seqirus's MF59-adjuvanted, egg-based quadrivalent flu vaccine for adults 65 and older, US-approved in 2020 under accelerated approval, with 15 mcg hemagglutinin per strain and ACIP preferential recommendation.
Fluazaindolizine
Fluazaindolizine (Salibro, Reklemel) is a Corteva imidazopyridine non-fumigant nematicide discovered in 2017, registered in Canada in 2021 and by the US EPA on September 12, 2023; mode of action unknown.
Fluazifop
Fluazifop (fluazifop-P, Fusilade) is a Group 1 aryloxyphenoxypropionate herbicide, introduced 1980, that kills grass weeds by inhibiting acetyl-CoA carboxylase; the R-enantiomer is the active form.
Fluazolate
Fluazolate (异丙吡草酯, formerly isopropozole, JV 485) is a phenylpyrazole PPO-inhibitor herbicide developed by Monsanto from 1994 for pre-emergence weed control in wheat; CAS 174514-07-9, not EU-approved, patent expired 2014.
Flubber (film)
Flubber is a 1997 American science fiction family comedy directed by Les Mayfield, starring Robin Williams as an inventor who creates a gravity-defying green goo.
Flubendiamide
Flubendiamide (NNI-0001, CAS 272451-65-7) is the first phthalic acid diamide insecticide, an IRAC group 28 ryanodine receptor modulator against Lepidoptera, discovered by Nihon Nohyaku; EPA cancelled US registrations in 2016 over aquatic invertebrate risk.
Flubenzimine
Flubenzimine (BAY SLJ 0312, CAS 37893-02-0) is an obsolete thiazolidine acaricide and miticide once used on fruit crops; not EU-approved, banned in Turkey in 2009-2011, low acute toxicity but high log P.
Flublok
Flublok (Influenza Vaccine) is the first FDA-licensed recombinant influenza vaccine (2013), a trivalent, egg-free, 135 mcg HA insect-cell baculovirus product approved for ages 9 and older.
Flucarbazone sodium
Flucarbazone sodium (CAS 181274-17-9), sodium salt of flucarbazone, an ALS-inhibiting sulfonylurea herbicide developed by Bayer in 1995, used post-emergence against grass weeds in wheat and turf; not EU-approved, registered in the US and Canada.
Flucelvax quadrivalent
Flucelvax Quadrivalent (ccIIV4) is Seqirus's cell culture-based, egg-free inactivated quadrivalent influenza vaccine grown in MDCK cells, FDA-approved 2016 for ages 6 months and older, later superseded by trivalent Flucelvax.
Flucht und Verwandlung
Flucht und Verwandlung (Flight and Metamorphosis) is a 1959 poetry collection by Nelly Sachs, her fourth, written in Swedish exile and known for containing no commas; Sachs won the 1966 Nobel Prize in Literature.
Fluciclovine
Fluciclovine F18 (Axumin, 18F-FACBC) is a synthetic leucine-analogue PET radiotracer approved in 2016 (FDA) and 2017 (EMA) for imaging suspected prostate cancer recurrence after elevated PSA, now largely superseded by PSMA tracers.
Flucloxacillin
Flucloxacillin (Floxacillin, Floxapen) is a narrow-spectrum, β-lactamase-resistant penicillin antibiotic available only on prescription, used to treat Gram-positive infections including cellulitis, bone infections, and endocarditis.
Fluconazole
Fluconazole (Diflucan) is a triazole antifungal developed at Pfizer, launched 1990, inhibiting fungal ERG11 lanosterol demethylase; oral bioavailability over 90%, 30-hour half-life, used for Candida and Cryptococcus infections with known resistance mechanisms.
Fluctuation spectroscopy
Fluctuation spectroscopy extracts the dynamics and properties of physical, chemical, or biological systems by analyzing spontaneous fluctuations of a measured signal; its best-developed branch is fluorescence correlation spectroscopy.
Fluctuation X-ray scattering
Fluctuation X-ray scattering (FXS), also called correlated X-ray scattering, is an X-ray technique proposed by Zvi Kam in 1977 that recovers particle structure from angular correlations in diffraction patterns.
Fluctuation–dissipation theorem
The fluctuation–dissipation theorem (FDT) is a statistical mechanics result stating that a system's linear response to small perturbations is fixed by its equilibrium fluctuations; large fluctuations imply strong response.