All articles starting with F
15,892 articles
Flucycloxuron
Flucycloxuron (Andalin, OMS 3041) is a benzoylphenylurea insecticide-acaricide, IRAC group 15 chitin biosynthesis inhibitor, controlling mite eggs and larvae on citrus and pome fruit; largely obsolete and not EU-approved.
Flucytosine
Flucytosine (5-fluorocytosine, 5-FC) is a synthetic fluorinated analog of cytosine used as an antifungal drug, almost always combined with amphotericin B, most importantly for cryptococcal meningitis.
Fludarabine
Fludarabine, also known as fludarabine phosphate, is a chemotherapy drug used to treat chronic lymphocytic leukemia and as conditioning before stem cell transplants and CAR-T cell therapy.
Fludioxonil
Fludioxonil (CAS 131341-86-1) is a synthetic phenylpyrrole fungicide derived from pyrrolnitrin, used as seed treatment, foliar spray, and post-harvest dip; the only commercial FRAC group 12 member, with debated HOG-pathway mode of action and EU endocrine-disruptor findings.
Fludrocortisone
Fludrocortisone (9α-fluorocortisol, Florinef) is a synthetic mineralocorticoid used for aldosterone replacement in adrenal insufficiency and CAH, and for orthostatic hypotension; potent MR agonist, 0.05–0.2 mg daily.
Flue gas condensing heat recovery
Flue gas condensing heat recovery cools combustion exhaust below its water dew point, recovering latent heat that can raise boiler efficiency by more than 10%.
Flue-gas desulfurization
Flue-gas desulfurization, also called flue-gas desulphurisation, is a set of chemical processes that remove sulfur dioxide from coal-fired power plant exhaust gases, most commonly by wet limestone scrubbing.
Fluence Energy
Fluence Energy is an American grid-scale battery energy storage company in Arlington, Virginia, founded in 2017 as a joint venture of Siemens and AES and publicly traded since 2021.
Fluence rate
Fluence rate, also called scalar irradiance, is the radiant power striking a small sphere from all directions per unit area, measured in watts per square meter.
Fluent Bit
Fluent Bit (fluent-bit) is an open-source CNCF-graduated telemetry agent, created in 2014 by Eduardo Silva, that collects, processes, and forwards logs, metrics, traces, and profiles with memory and filesystem buffering, distinguished from Fluentd by its lightweight C implementation and ~80 built-in plugins.
Fluent human-robot interaction
Fluent human-robot interaction is the coordinated meshing of joint activities between a human and robot working as a team, codified by Guy Hoffman at Cornell in 2019.
Fluent interface
A fluent interface, also known as a fluent API, is an object-oriented API designed so a sequence of calls reads coherently, a term coined by Martin Fowler and Eric Evans.
Fluent Money Group
Fluent Money Group is a Bolton-based British broking business founded in 2008, selling secured loans, mortgages, later-life lending, and bridging finance through a technology platform.
Fluentd
Fluentd: open-source data collector for a unified logging layer, created in 2011 by Sadayuki Furuhashi at Treasure Data, written in C and Ruby, a CNCF graduated project since April 2019.
Flufenacet
Flufenacet (FOE 5043) is an oxyacetamide herbicide, HRAC Group 15 (K3), inhibiting very long chain fatty acid biosynthesis; developed by Bayer for cereals, its EU approval was not renewed in 2025 over thyroid endocrine and TFA water concerns.
Flufenamic acid
Flufenamic acid is a fenamate NSAID with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic effects, used in musculoskeletal and joint disorders and also a widely used ion channel research tool.
Flufenzin
Flufenzin (flufenzine), ISO name diflovidazin, CAS 162320-67-4, is a tetrazine acaricide with translaminar action against mite eggs, nymphs, and adults; developed by Agro-Chemie (Hungary), never EU-approved, used in India as 20% SC on brinjal and tea.
Fluffer
Fluffer: slang for a person said to keep male porn performers erect between takes; also called fluff girl. Many performers call it a myth; documented mostly on gangbang shoots; role now largely obsolete.
Fluffernutter
Fluffernutter: a New England sandwich of peanut butter and Marshmallow Fluff (marshmallow creme) on white bread. Trademarked by Durkee-Mower; name coined around 1960; added to Merriam-Webster in 2021.
Flugelhorn
Flugelhorn (Flügelhorn): B-flat conical-bore valved bugle-family brass instrument, mellower than trumpet or cornet; from the keyed bugle, Vienna 1830s; staple of European military bands, British brass bands, and jazz doubling.
Flugelschlag
Flugelschlag (Flügelschlag) is the German edition of Wingspan, Elizabeth Hargrave's engine-building board game about attracting birds to wildlife preserves; it won the Kennerspiel des Jahres 2019 for Feuerland Spiele.
Flugschrift
A Flugschrift is a short, unbound, non-periodical printed pamphlet, usually written to persuade, that flourished in German-speaking lands and became a leading medium of the Reformation.
Fluid
A fluid is a substance, such as a liquid, gas, or plasma, that flows and continually deforms under shear stress rather than resisting it like a solid.
Fluid and crystallized intelligence
Fluid and crystallized intelligence (Gf, Gc) are Cattell's two broad cognitive abilities: novel-problem reasoning versus accumulated knowledge, both strata of the CHC model, with opposite aging trajectories and distinct genetic correlates.
Fluid balance
Fluid balance: the homeostatic matching of water gains (drinking, food, metabolic water) to losses (urine, skin, gut, respiration). Regulated via osmoreceptors, vasopressin, Starling forces, and kidneys in humans; sodium and blood volume dominate in other vertebrates.
Fluid bearing
A fluid bearing, or fluid dynamic bearing, carries load on a pressurized film of liquid or gas, giving no metal-to-metal contact and in principle no wear.
Fluid catalytic cracking
Fluid catalytic cracking (FCC), or cat cracking, is a petroleum refining process introduced in 1942 that converts heavy gas oil into lighter products, chiefly high-octane gasoline.
Fluid coking
Fluid coking is a continuous refinery process that thermally cracks heavy petroleum residues, such as vacuum residuum, into gas, gasoline, gas oil, and coke, developed by Exxon.
Fluid compartments
Fluid compartments: the body's water divided into intracellular fluid and extracellular fluid (plasma, interstitial, transcellular), about 42 L in a 70 kg man, governed by Starling forces and the revised glycocalyx model.
Fluid coupling
A fluid coupling is a hydrodynamic device that transmits rotational power between shafts through circulating oil, using a pump impeller and turbine but never multiplying torque.