All articles starting with F

Flumazenil

Flumazenil (Ro 15-1788, Anexate) is an imidazobenzodiazepine competitive antagonist at the benzodiazepine receptor, made by Roche (1979, marketed 1987), used to reverse benzodiazepine and Z-drug sedation but not barbiturates, ethanol, or opioids.

Flume

Flume is a 2010 drawless abstract territory game by Mark Steere, akin to Dots & Boxes, played with a Go set; connecting to 3-4 stones grants bonus placements, most stones wins.

Flume (musician)

Flume (Harley Edward Streten, born 1991, Sydney) is an Australian electronic producer and future bass pioneer; his album Skin won the 2017 Grammy for Best Dance/Electronic Album and eight ARIA Awards.

Flume Ventures

Flume Ventures is a venture capital firm founded in 2023 by Matt Nordby and based in Incline Village, Nevada, which invests in startup technology companies across the United States.

Flumequine

Flumequine is a synthetic quinolone antibacterial, first described 1976, the first C-6 fluorinated quinolone; withdrawn from human use for ocular toxicity, still a veterinary drug for livestock and farmed fish, selecting the same GyrA resistance as fluoroquinolones.

Flumetralin

Flumetralin (CAS 62924-70-3), a 2,6-dinitroaniline plant growth regulator that inhibits microtubules, used as a tobacco suckercide; US-registered since 1983, EU approval withdrawn after industry pulled renewal in 2024.

Flumetsulam

Flumetsulam (DE 498) is a triazolopyrimidine sulfonanilide ALS-inhibiting herbicide introduced by DowElanco in 1994 for broadleaf weed control in maize, soybeans, and pasture; not EU-approved, low mammalian toxicity.

Flumexadol

Flumexadol (CERM-1841), 2-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]morpholine, CAS 30914-89-7, is a trifluoromethylphenyl morpholine, non-narcotic analgesic, and selective 5-HT2C receptor agonist (Ki 25 nM, (+)-enantiomer); active metabolite of oxaflozane, listed as withdrawn.

Flumiclorac pentyl

Flumiclorac pentyl (Resource, Sumiverde; CAS 87546-18-7) is a Sumitomo-developed Group 14 PPO-inhibiting, N-phenylphthalimide post-emergence herbicide for broadleaf weeds in soybeans, corn, and cotton defoliation; hydrolyzes rapidly, EU not approved.

Fluminense

Fluminense (FEOW ecoregion 352), a freshwater ecoregion of coastal Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil, between the Paraíba do Sul and Restinga da Marambaia; tropical coastal rivers with 42% endemic fish, distinct from the Fluminense Football Club.

Fluminense FC

Fluminense FC, or Fluminense Football Club, is a Brazilian multi-sport club from Rio de Janeiro, founded in 1902 by Oscar Cox, playing at the Maracanã.

Flumioxazin

Flumioxazin (CAS 103361-09-7), a Sumitomo N-phenylphthalimide PPO-inhibiting pre- and post-emergence herbicide for broadleaf and grass weeds; EU approval renewed to 2037, classified Repro 1B and Aquatic Acute 1.

Flunarizine

Flunarizine, a selective calcium-entry blocker related to cinnarizine, is a once-daily 5–10 mg migraine prophylactic with level A evidence, also used for vertigo and refractory epilepsy; not marketed in the US, limited by somnolence, weight gain, depression, and parkinsonism.

Flunisolide

Flunisolide (AeroBid, Nasalide, Nasarel) is a synthetic corticosteroid, glucocorticoid receptor agonist, C24H31FO6, half-life 1.8 h, used as nasal spray for allergic rhinitis and inhaler for asthma; first FDA-approved INCS spray (1981).

Flunitrazepam

Flunitrazepam (Rohypnol, roofies) is a Roche benzodiazepine hypnotic from 1975 used for insomnia and anesthesia, known for amnesia, abuse, date-rape association, and fatal intoxications; illegal in the US, Class C in the UK.

Flunkyball

Flunkyball (also Bierball) is a German outdoor team drinking game: hit a central bottle with a ball, drink until opponents reset it and call stop; first team empty wins. Unofficial world championship in Elmshorn; 2024 trademark dispute resolved in 2026.

Fluocinolone Acetonide

Fluocinolone acetonide is a synthetic fluorinated corticosteroid, first synthesized at Syntex in 1959, used topically for skin inflammation and in long-acting implants for diabetic macular edema and uveitis.

Fluocinonide

Fluocinonide, a synthetic topical corticosteroid (21-acetate ester of fluocinolone acetonide, C26H32F2O7, US approval 1971), treats eczema and psoriasis as 0.05% and super-high-potency 0.1% creams, gels, and ointments.

Fluocortolone

Fluocortolone (Ultralan) is a synthetic fluorinated glucocorticoid used topically for skin disorders; its pivalate and hexanoate esters appear in rectal products Ultraproct and Doloproct for haemorrhoids, fissures, and proctitis.

Fluometuron

Fluometuron (Cotoran), a phenylurea herbicide, CAS 2164-17-2, introduced 1960 by Ciba-Geigy; photosystem II inhibitor used mainly on cotton; soil half-life 12–171 days; US-registered 1974, EU-approved 2011.

Fluopicolide

Fluopicolide, a pyridinylmethyl-benzamide (FRAC Group 43) anti-oomycete fungicide launched by Bayer in 2006, targets vacuolar H+-ATPase and controls Phytophthora, Plasmopara, Pythium, Peronospora, and Bremia.

Fluopyram

Fluopyram (CAS 658066-35-4) is a Bayer CropScience SDHI fungicide, also used as a nematicide against root-knot nematodes; EU-approved 2014, ADI 0.012 mg/kg bw, ARfD 0.5 mg/kg bw.

Fluor Corporation

Fluor Corporation is an American multinational engineering, procurement, and construction company headquartered in Irving, Texas, founded in 1912 in Santa Ana, California, to build large industrial, energy, and government projects.

Fluoranthene

Fluoranthene, also known as 1,2-benzacenaphthene, is a four-ring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, C₁₆H₁₀, produced by pyrolysis of coal and petroleum and found in air, food, and cigarette smoke.

Fluorapatite

Fluorapatite is a calcium fluoride phosphate mineral, Ca5(PO4)3F, and the most abundant member of the apatite group, forming the sedimentary phosphorite deposits that supply the world's phosphorus fertilizer.

Fluorene

Fluorene, also called 9H-fluorene, is a tricyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (C13H10) obtained from coal tar and found in creosote and asphalt, used in OLEDs and peptide chemistry.

Fluorescein

Fluorescein (uranine, fluorescein sodium) is a xanthene dye, C20H12O5, synthesized by Adolf von Baeyer in 1871, absorbing near 490 nm and emitting green fluorescence; used in ophthalmic angiography, FITC antibody labeling, pH probes, and water tracing.