All articles starting with F
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Fungal Genetics Stock Center
The Fungal Genetics Stock Center is a biological resource center founded in 1960 that preserves and distributes genetically characterized strains of filamentous fungi for research.
Fungal keratitis
Fungal keratitis (mycotic keratitis, keratomycosis) is a fungal cornea infection causing blindness and eye loss, mainly from Fusarium, Aspergillus, and Candida after trauma or contact lens wear; treated with topical natamycin.
Fungal ligninase
Fungal ligninases are extracellular oxidative enzymes, produced chiefly by white-rot fungi, that degrade lignin, the aromatic polymer in plant cell walls. The term originally named lignin peroxidase, discovered in 1983, and covers laccases and manganese peroxidases.
Fungal meningitis
Fungal meningitis: rare, life-threatening fungal infection of the brain and spinal cord membranes, usually in immunocompromised people; caused by Cryptococcus, Candida, Histoplasma, Blastomyces, Coccidioides; treated with IV antifungals.
Fungal myositis
Fungal myositis is a rare skeletal muscle inflammation caused by fungal infection, most often Candida, in immunocompromised people, treated with antifungal drugs and sometimes surgery.
Fungal pneumonia
Fungal pneumonia is lung inflammation caused by a fungus rather than bacteria or viruses, most often affecting people with weakened immune systems and treated with antifungal medicines.
Fungal prions
Fungal prions are heritable protein conformations in fungi, passed through cytoplasm rather than DNA, whose study gave the first genetic proof that proteins can be infectious.
Fungal spore
Fungal spore: microscopic embryo-less propagule specialized for dispersal and dormant survival; passive spread by air, water, animals; desiccation dormancy; about 50 million tons airborne yearly.
Fungi in art
Fungi in art: mushrooms and mycelium as subject, medium, and material, from Mary Banning's 19th-century watercolors and Somerset House's 2020 show to bio art by Spačal, Bates, and Schubert and mycelium architecture like Mycotecture and Hy-Fi.
Fungia
Fungia (mushroom corals, Fungiidae) is a Lamarck 1801 genus of solitary, free-living Indo-Pacific stony corals; type species F. fungites, attached juveniles, mobile adults up to about 31–50 cm, with a much-revised taxonomy.
Fungibility
Fungibility is the property of a good whose individual units are indistinguishable and mutually substitutable, such as cash, gold, and crude oil, unlike diamonds and NFTs.
Fungicide
Fungicide: agents controlling fungal plant diseases, from Bordeaux mixture (1885) to modern FRAC-coded single-site chemistry; managed by mode-of-action rotation to delay resistance.
Fungiculture
Fungiculture, or mushroom cultivation, is the controlled growing of fungi for food and materials. Key facts: Tang Dynasty wood ear logs, 17th-century French Agaricus bisporus, agricultural-waste substrates, spent substrate reuse, and growing automation.
Fungiidae
Fungiidae, the mushroom corals (Dana, 1846), is a family of Indo-Pacific stony corals (Scleractinia) of mostly solitary, free-living, unattached polyps; about 55 species in 17 genera, revised by Hoeksema and molecular phylogenetics.
Fungus
Fungus (plural fungi): kingdom of heterotrophic eukaryotes with chitinous cell walls, closer to animals than plants; over 2 million species, mostly undescribed; decomposers, mycorrhizal symbionts, and sources of food and antibiotics.
Fungus gnat
Fungus gnats (Sciaridae, dark-winged fungus gnats; also Mycetophilidae) are tiny mosquito-like flies whose larvae feed on fungi, decaying matter, and roots; Bradysia species are greenhouse and houseplant pests controlled by drying soil, sticky cards, Bti, mites, and nematodes.
Fungus-growing ants
Fungus-growing ants (tribe Attini, ~230 species, 14 genera) cultivate fungi for food in obligate mutualism, agriculture originating once ~50 mya in South America, with five systems including leaf-cutter farming of Leucoagaricus gongylophorus defended against Escovopsis by Pseudonocardia bacteria.
Fungus-induced protein
Fungus-induced proteins are host proteins, chiefly plant pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins in 17 families, produced in response to fungal infection, perceived via chitin and salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, or ethylene signaling.
Funhaus
Funhaus was a Los Angeles comedy gaming YouTube channel (2015-2024) run by the former Inside Gaming cast under Rooster Teeth, known for Demo Disk, Dude Soup, and Open Haus, ending with Rooster Teeth's 2024 shutdown.
Funhouse (Pink album)
Funhouse is the fifth studio album by Pink (P!nk), released October 2008 on LaFace/Jive. A pop rock divorce album about her split from Carey Hart, it topped UK and Australian charts and produced the US number-one single "So What."
Funhouse (The Sopranos)
"Funhouse" is the 13th episode and season 2 finale of The Sopranos (aired April 9, 2000), written by David Chase and Todd A. Kessler, directed by John Patterson. Through food-poisoning fever dreams with a talking fish, Tony Soprano confirms Big Pussy is an FBI informant and has him killed at sea.
Funicular
A funicular, also called a cliff railway, is a cable railway for steep slopes in which two cars counterbalance each other, one ascending while the other descends.
Funiculì, Funiculà
Funiculì, Funiculà is an 1880 Neapolitan song by Luigi Denza and Peppino Turco, written for the opening of the Mount Vesuvius funicular, sold a million copies by 1881, and was borrowed by Strauss, Rimsky-Korsakov, Casella, and Schoenberg.
Funimation (ファニメーション)
Funimation (ファニメーション) was an American anime licensor, dubbing studio, and streaming service founded by Gen Fukunaga in 1994, acquired by Sony in 2017, merged into Crunchyroll, and shut down April 2, 2024.
Funiushan UNESCO Global Geopark
Funiushan UNESCO Global Geopark (伏牛山), Henan, China: a geopark in the Qinling Orogenic Belt, designated 2015, known for Cretaceous dinosaur-egg fossils at Sanlimiao, Xixia County, and Jiguan Cave.
Funj Chronicle
The Funj Chronicle is a Sudanese Arabic historical work narrating the Funj sultanate of Sinnar from 1504 to 1871, written mainly by Katib al-Shuna and continued by later authors.
Funj civil war and succession crisis
The Funj civil war and succession crisis began when Muhammad Abu Likaylik deposed Sultan Badi IV in 1761 or 1762, leaving sultans as figureheads until Egypt conquered Sennar in 1821.
Funj conquest of Sennar
The Funj conquest of Sennar (سلطنة سنار) was the early 1500s campaign in which the Funj under 'Amara Dunqas destroyed the Christian kingdom of Alodia.
Funj Sultanate
The Funj Sultanate, also known as the Kingdom of Sennar, was an Islamic kingdom ruling the Nile valley in Sudan from about 1500 to 1821, founded by Amara Dunqas.
Funk
Funk: African American dance music genre emerging mid-1960s from soul, jazz, and R&B, pioneered by James Brown's "on the one" groove; syncopated bass-heavy style behind disco, hip-hop, go-go, and Afrobeat.