All articles starting with G
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Guanyinyan hydroelectric plant
Guanyinyan hydroelectric plant, also called the Jinsha River Guanyinyan hydropower station (金沙江观音岩水电站), is a 3,000 MW plant on the Jinsha River at the Yunnan-Sichuan border, commissioned in 2016.
Guanylate kinase
Guanylate kinase (GMP kinase, EC 2.7.4.8) is an essential, conserved ~200-amino-acid enzyme catalyzing ATP-dependent phosphorylation of GMP to GDP, key to purine metabolism, prodrug activation, and the MAGUK scaffold domain family.
Guanylin
Guanylin (GN), with uroguanylin, an intestinal 15-amino-acid peptide hormone activating guanylate cyclase C to raise cGMP; regulates gut and renal salt-water transport, natriuresis, and colorectal cancer signaling.
Guanzhong famine
The Guanzhong famine (关中大饥) was a famine in China's Guanzhong region recorded in the Book of Wei, in which locusts stripped all vegetation and travel ceased.
Guanzi
Guanzi (管子) is an ancient Chinese compendium of statecraft, economics, and law, compiled by anonymous Warring States scholars of Qi rather than by Guan Zhong himself.
Guanzigou Coal Mine
Guanzigou Coal Mine (罐子沟煤矿) is an underground coal mine in Jungar Banner, Ordos, Inner Mongolia, China, opened in 2008 and approved for 8 million tonnes a year.
Guaporé
Guaporé is a river rising on the Mato Grosso plateau in western Brazil, about 1,550 km long, forming the Brazil–Bolivia border before joining the Mamoré River.
Guapore - Itenez
Guaporé - Iténez, FEOW freshwater ecoregion 319 in Bolivia and Brazil; the Rio Guaporé (Río Iténez), a clearwater Brazilian Shield tributary of the Madeira with 25 endemic fish species including Corydoras and Phreatobius sanguijuela.
Guar (ग्वार)
Guar (ग्वार), also called clusterbean or guar bean, is an annual legume grown chiefly in India for guar gum from its seeds, used in food, oil drilling, and hydraulic fracturing.
Guar gum
Guar gum (guaran, E 412) is a galactomannan from guar bean endosperm, a cold-water-soluble thickener and stabilizer used in food, pharma, and oil fracking; India supplies 80% of world guar.
Guara Oil Field
Guara Oil Field, renamed Sapinhoá in 2011, is a giant pre-salt oil field about 300 km offshore São Paulo, Brazil, discovered in 2008 and producing since January 2013 under Petrobras.
Guaraci Fluctus
Guaraci Fluctus is a 92-km lava flow field on Jupiter's moon Io at 17.57°S, 22.64°W, first seen active by Juno JIRAM in February 2019, named for the Guarani sun god in 2025, with two ~100-km flows imaged in 2024.
Guarana
Guarana (Paullinia cupana) is a caffeine-rich Amazonian plant domesticated by the Sateré-Maué people of Brazil, whose seeds yield a stimulating beverage and are used in energy drinks.
Guarani language
Guaraní (Avañe'ẽ), a Tupí-Guaraní language with about 4.6 million speakers, is co-official with Spanish in Paraguay under the 1992 Constitution; known for Jesuit-era grammars, Jopara code-switching, and typological features like nominal tense.
Guaraní oral literature
Guaraní oral literature is the body of songs, chants, myths, and narratives passed down by word of mouth among the Guaraní peoples of South America.
Guaraní people
Guaraní: indigenous Tupi-Guarani-speaking people (self-name Awá) of Paraguay, Brazil, Argentina, and Bolivia; subgroups Mbyá, Kaiowá, Ñandeva, Ava Guaraní; ~280,000 people, official language in Paraguay since 1992.
Guarani power station
Guarani power station, formerly Arembepe, is a 150 MW natural gas thermal power plant at the Petrochemical Complex of Camaçari, Bahia, Brazil, acquired from Petrobras in 2021 by São Francisco Energia.
Guaraní War
The Guaraní War (Guerra Guaranítica) was the armed resistance of Guaraní in Jesuit missions to forced removal under the 1750 Treaty of Madrid, ending in defeat at Caibaté in 1756.
Guaranteed maximum price
A guaranteed maximum price (GMP) is a construction contract where the owner pays actual costs plus a fee, capped at a ceiling, with overruns borne by the contractor.
Guarantees of origin
A guarantee of origin (GO) is an electronic document proving that a given quantity of energy was produced from renewable sources, introduced in the EU under Directive 2001/77/EC.
Guarantor of the imperial constitution
A guarantor of the imperial constitution was a power, chiefly France and Sweden, entrusted by the Peace of Westphalia in 1648 with upholding the Holy Roman Empire's constitutional settlement.
Guaranty Building
The Guaranty Building, also known as the Prudential Building, is a 13-story steel-framed skyscraper in Buffalo, New York, designed by Adler and Sullivan and completed in 1896.
Guarapuava
Guarapuava, Paraná, Brazil: mid-sized municipality in Center-South Paraná, 182,093 residents (2022 census), 3,163.893 km², founded as Freguesia de Nossa Senhora de Belém in 1819, city status 1871.
Guard cable end terminal
A guard cable end terminal is the crash-treated end of a roadside guardrail, designed to decelerate or redirect a vehicle rather than let the rail spear into it.
Guard cell
Guard cells are paired epidermal cells flanking each stomatal pore; they open and close stomata via turgor changes driven by ion transport, ABA, light, and CO2 signaling, kidney-shaped in dicots, dumbbell-shaped in grasses.
Guard dog
Guard dog, especially livestock guardian dog (LGD), a dog bred to bond with and protect livestock from predators. Over 30 breeds; cuts predation about 70% on average; costs $700–$1,000 yearly per dog; wildlife impacts debated.
Guard of honour
Guard of honour (honor guard): ceremonial troops mounted for dignitaries at state visits and funerals. CAF sizes of 100/50 all ranks, entitlement rules, NZ scales, and US state funeral vigils distinguish it.
Guard of Laws
The Guard of Laws (Polish: Straż Praw) was the royal council forming the executive of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth under the Constitution of 3 May 1791.
Guardant Health
Guardant Health is an American precision-oncology company co-founded in 2012 in Palo Alto, California, by Helmy Eltoukhy and AmirAli Talasaz, selling blood-based cancer tests like Guardant360 and Shield.
Guarded hot plate method
The guarded hot plate method is a primary steady-state technique for measuring the thermal conductivity of insulation, standardized as ASTM C177 and ISO 8302 since 1945.