All articles starting with H
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Haplogroup L3b2 (mtDNA)
Haplogroup L3b2 (mtDNA) is a subclade of African maternal haplogroup L3b, defined by 34 PhyloTree mutations including 13105G and 16124C, showing a West African signal with eastward spread linked to the Bantu expansion.
Haplogroup M1a2 (Y-DNA)
Haplogroup M1a2 (Y-DNA) is a paternal subclade of haplogroup M (M-P256), defined by SNPs Z30928, Z31007, and Z31146 (formerly P94), found mainly in New Guinea and eastern Indonesia; distinct from the mtDNA clade M1a2.
Haplogroup O1a1 (Y-DNA)
Haplogroup O1a1 (Y-DNA), also called O1a1-P203 in older nomenclature, is a subclade of O1a-M119 defined by B384/Z23193, concentrated in southern China, Taiwan, and Island Southeast Asia, with a Neolithic expansion about 9.79 kya.
Haplogroup R1a
Haplogroup R1a (R1a) is a human Y-chromosome paternal lineage defined by the M420 mutation, reaching over 40% in Poland and Russia and spread with Indo-European languages.
Haplogroup R1a1 (Y-DNA)
Haplogroup R1a1 (Y-DNA), also R1a-M459/SRY10831.2, a subclade of R1a-M420; its R1a1a-M17 branch spans East Europe to South Asia, with Z282 in Europe, Z93 in Central/South Asia, Viking and Ashkenazi Levite sub-lineages.
Haplogroup R1b
Haplogroup R1b (R-M343), also called R1b-M269 in its dominant European form, is the most common Western European Y-chromosome lineage, about 110 million men; it spread with Bronze Age steppe migrations, with subclades U106, P312, DF27, and Z2103.
Haplogroup T1a1 (Y-DNA)
Haplogroup T1a1 is a rare subclade of the Y-chromosome haplogroup T1a (T-M70), an ancient paternal lineage found mainly in West Asia and interpreted as Near Eastern in origin.
Haplogroup T1a2 (Y-DNA)
Haplogroup T1a2 (Y-DNA), also called T-L131, is a rare subclade of paternal haplogroup T (M70) within T1a, dated by YFull to about 15,600 years formed and 10,900 years TMRCA, found scattered from Arabia and the Caucasus to Europe, distinct from the unrelated mtDNA clade of the same name.
Haplogroup X (mtDNA)
Haplogroup X is a human mitochondrial DNA maternal lineage with branches X1 and X2, and X2a is one of the five founding Native American haplogroups.
Haploidentical bone marrow transplantation
Haploidentical bone marrow transplantation is a form of allogeneic stem cell transplantation using a half-HLA-matched relative, available to the roughly 70% of patients lacking a fully matched sibling donor.
Haploidentical hematopoietic cell transplantation
Haploidentical hematopoietic cell transplantation (haplo-HCT) is an allogeneic stem cell transplant using a half-matched family donor to treat hematologic diseases, available to over 95% of patients.
Haploidentical stem cell transplantation
Haploidentical stem cell transplantation is a form of stem cell transplant in which the donor, almost always a family member, shares exactly half of the recipient's HLA antigens.
Haploinsufficiency
Haploinsufficiency: a dominant disease mechanism in which one functional gene copy cannot produce enough gene product for normal function, underlying disorders like Dravet syndrome (SCN1A) and 22q11 deletion syndrome, and distinct from dominant negative effects.
Haplomitriopsida
Haplomitriopsida is the earliest-diverging class of liverworts (Marchantiophyta), sister to all others, containing Haplomitrium, Treubia, and Apotreubia in orders Calobryales and Treubiales, about 18 species with plesiomorphic traits.
Haplopappus
Haplopappus, known in Spanish as bailahuén, is a genus of about 75 species of flowering plants in the daisy family, native mainly to Chile and used in Andean traditional medicine.
Haplorhini
Haplorhini, the dry-nosed primates, is the primate suborder containing tarsiers and anthropoids (monkeys and apes), sister to Strepsirrhini; defined by a dry nose, postorbital septum, and retinal fovea, with divergence from strepsirrhines dated roughly 58–77 mya.
Haplosporidium
Haplosporidium, a genus of spore-forming haplosporidian parasites of molluscs; H. nelsoni (MSX, formerly Minchinia nelsoni) devastated eastern oysters from Delaware Bay 1957 onward, is salinity-limited, and lacks a demonstrated direct transmission route.
Haplosporidium nelsoni
Haplosporidium nelsoni, formerly Minchinia nelsoni, is the haplosporidian protozoan causing MSX disease in eastern oysters. First seen in Delaware Bay in 1957, it killed 90–95% of oysters there and in lower Chesapeake Bay; its life cycle and alternate host remain unknown.
Haplotype
Haplotype: a set of DNA variants on a single chromosome inherited together because recombination between them is rare; spans one or more genes. Central to HapMap tag-SNP association studies and to phasing in diploid genome sequencing.
Haplotype reconstruction
Haplotype reconstruction determines which variants in a diploid genome occur together on each chromosome copy, using molecular, genetic, or population-based methods to produce phased haplotypes from sequencing data.
Hapoel Be'er Sheva F.C. (הפועל באר שבע)
Hapoel Be'er Sheva (הפועל באר שבע), Israeli Premier League club founded 1949; six league titles (1975, 1976, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2026), four State Cups, home at Turner Stadium, owned by Alona Barkat since 2007.
Hapoel Tel Aviv F.C. (מועדון כדורגל הפועל תל אביב)
Hapoel Tel Aviv F.C. (מועדון כדורגל הפועל תל אביב), Israeli Premier League football club founded 1923, plays at Bloomfield Stadium, 13 league titles, Maccabi Tel Aviv derby rival.
Happay
Happay is an Indian travel and expense management software company founded in Bengaluru in 2012 by Anshul Rai and Varun Rathi, acquired by CRED in 2021.
Happening
Happening: a form of performance art coined by Allan Kaprow in 18 Happenings in 6 Parts (Reuben Gallery, New York, 1959); scripted, improvisational artist-staged events with audience participation, forerunners of performance art.
Happenings (Kasabian album)
Happenings is Kasabian's eighth studio album, released 5 July 2024 on Columbia; co-produced by Serge Pizzorno and Mark Ralph, a 28-minute 10-song psychedelic pop record that became the band's seventh UK number-one album.
Happier (Marshmello and Bastille song)
Happier (Marshmello and Bastille song): 2018 EDM-pop single by Marshmello and Bastille, written with Steve Mac, released August 17, 2018. Peaked at No. 3 on the Billboard Hot 100 and No. 2 in the UK; over 2.7 billion Spotify streams.
Happier Than Ever
Happier Than Ever is the second studio album by Billie Eilish, released in 2021 on Darkroom/Interscope and produced by Finneas O'Connell, debuting at the top of the Billboard 200.
Happiest Minds Technologies
Happiest Minds Technologies is a Bengaluru-headquartered Indian IT services company founded in 2011 by Ashok Soota, listed on the NSE since 2020 and merging with ITC Infotech in 2026.
Happiest Season
Happiest Season is a 2020 holiday romantic comedy directed by Clea DuVall, starring Kristen Stewart and Mackenzie Davis as a couple whose Christmas visit is upended when Harper's conservative parents do not know she is gay; released on Hulu after a planned theatrical run.
Happily Divorced
Happily Divorced is a TV Land sitcom (2011–2013, 2 seasons) starring and co-created by Fran Drescher with her gay ex-husband Peter Marc Jacobson, about a divorced couple sharing a house after 18 years of marriage.