All articles starting with H
20,046 articles
Human musculoskeletal system
Human musculoskeletal system: bones (206 in the adult skeleton), skeletal muscle, joints, tendons, ligaments, and cartilage; supports the body, protects organs, makes blood cells, and produces movement; aging and conditions like osteoarthritis and osteoporosis are its main disorders.
Human nature
Human nature is the set of properties characteristic of humans as such, from the Aristotelian "rational animal" slogan and traditional package to evolutionary psychology, plasticity, and modern rejections by Marxism, feminism, and postmodernism.
Human Nature (band)
Human Nature: Australian pop vocal group formed 1989 in Sydney as The 4 Trax by the Tierney brothers, Phil Burton, and Toby Allen; 1990s boy band hits, Motown covers albums, and a long-running Las Vegas residency.
Human Nature (Michael Jackson song)
Human Nature is a 1982 Michael Jackson song, the fifth single from Thriller, written by Toto's Steve Porcaro and John Bettis. It reached No. 7 on the Billboard Hot 100, was covered by Miles Davis, and sampled by Nas and SWV.
Human nose
Human nose: external nose and paired nasal cavities that warm, filter, and humidify air, enable olfaction, drain the paranasal sinuses, and show a nasal cycle alternating airflow between nostrils.
Human nutrition
Human nutrition: the science of consuming, absorbing, and using nutrients for life and health. Covers macronutrients, micronutrients, bioavailability, DRIs, dietary guidelines, and evidence methods.
Human overpopulation
Human overpopulation: the claim that population exceeds sustainable carrying capacity. Also Malthusianism. Current UN WPP 2024 projects peak at 10.3 billion in the mid-2080s; fertility at 2.25; carrying capacity estimates 7.7-12 billion.
Human papillomavirus infection
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, a common sexually transmitted infection with about 200 virus types; most clear spontaneously, but persistent high-risk types cause cervical, anogenital, and oropharyngeal cancers, preventable by HPV vaccination and screening.
Human papillomavirus testing
Human papillomavirus testing is a nucleic acid-based diagnostic method detecting high-risk HPV DNA or mRNA in cervical samples, used since 2020 as the primary cervical cancer screening method in many settings.
Human Papillomavirus Viruses
Human papillomavirus viruses (HPV), a group of over 200 double-stranded DNA virus types, infect human skin and mucosa; high-risk types 16 and 18 cause most cervical cancer, types 6 and 11 cause genital warts, and vaccines plus HPV screening prevent disease.
Human papillomavirus VLP vaccine technology (Gardasil)
HPV VLP vaccine technology (Gardasil): recombinant L1 virus-like particles, invented by Ian Frazer and Jian Zhou at University of Queensland, patented 1991, licensed via CSL to Merck, FDA-approved 2006 as the first cancer-preventing vaccine.
Human parainfluenza viruses
Human parainfluenza viruses (HPIV-1 to 4, subtypes 4a/4b) are Paramyxoviridae RNA viruses causing croup, bronchiolitis, and pneumonia; second to RSV as a viral cause of childhood lower respiratory infection, with no licensed vaccine or antiviral.
Human pathology
Human Pathology (Hum. Pathol., ISSN 0046-8177) is a monthly peer-reviewed Elsevier journal of clinicopathologic human disease research founded in 1970, MEDLINE-indexed, edited by Lori A. Erickson of Mayo Clinic, with an Impact Factor near 3.
Human penis
Human penis: the external male organ of urination, reproduction, and sexual pleasure, built from two corpora cavernosa and a corpus spongiosum; average 8.9 cm flaccid, 13 cm erect; erection driven by nitric oxide and cGMP.
Human penis size
Human penis size: clinical measurements of length and girth. Pooled means: flaccid 8.70 cm, stretched 12.93 cm, erect 13.93 cm (55,761 men); erect length rose 38% over 29 years; micropenis is SPL 2.5 SD below mean.
Human physical appearance
Human physical appearance: the visible constitution of the body, from melanin-based skin, hair, and eye color to facial structure and body shape, studied through genetics, anthropometry, physiognomy history, attractiveness research, and lookism.
Human physiology
Human physiology: study of the life-supporting functions and mechanisms of the human body, from Greek physis and logia. Distinguished by homeostasis (Cannon, 1929), organ-system integration, and clinical uses such as exercise testing.
Human Poems
Human Poems (Poemas humanos) is the posthumous collection of poetry by the Peruvian poet César Vallejo, published in Paris in 1939 under the supervision of his widow Georgette.
Human polyomavirus 2
Human polyomavirus 2, commonly called the JC virus or JCPyV, is a DNA virus that infects most people harmlessly and causes the brain disease PML when immunity fails.
Human population planning
Human population planning: deliberate government efforts to influence population size, growth, and structure, via pro-natalist or anti-natalist policies, distinct from individual family planning; spans Malthusian era, China's one-child policy, and modern pro-natalist programs in China, Japan, South Korea, and Hungary.
Human Poverty Index
The Human Poverty Index (HPI) was a UN statistic, published from 1997 to 2009, measuring poverty as deprivation rather than low income, with variants for developing and industrialized countries.
Human power
Human power is the rate at which the human body performs mechanical work, measured in watts, ranging from about 75 W sustained to 2500 W peak in elite cyclists.
Human preference evaluation
Human preference evaluation measures language model quality by having people compare model outputs rather than score fixed answers, underpinning leaderboards like Chatbot Arena and RLHF.
Human Preference Score
The Human Preference Score (HPS) is a learned metric for text-to-image generation that predicts which image humans would prefer for a prompt, introduced in 2023.
Human Re Sources
Human Re Sources is a Los Angeles-based artist distribution and label-services company founded by J. Erving in 2017, merged with Troy Carter's Q&A, acquired by Sony Music in 2020 as part of The Orchard; known for RAYE and a fee-only, no-masters-ownership model.
Human reliability analysis
Human reliability analysis (HRA) is a set of methods for identifying and quantifying human errors in technical systems, performed chiefly within probabilistic risk assessment and originating in nuclear power.
Human Remains (TV series)
Human Remains is a six-episode British black mockumentary series, first broadcast on BBC Two in 2000, written and starred by Julia Davis and Rob Brydon.
Human reproduction
Human reproduction: conception through fertilization of an ovulated egg by sperm, cyclic female fertility (5–6 day fertile window, ~20% conception per cycle), pregnancy and childbirth, plus contraception, infertility (12-month definition, 1 in 6 affected), and ART such as IVF and ICSI.
Human reproductive system
The human reproductive system is the male and female organ system that produces gametes and sex hormones, centered on the testicles and ovaries, enabling fertilization, gestation, and birth of offspring.
Human Research Program
The Human Research Program (HRP) is a NASA program established at Johnson Space Center in 2005 that investigates and reduces spaceflight risks to astronaut health and performance.