All articles starting with I
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Image matting
Image matting is the computer vision task of estimating each pixel's foreground opacity and color, so the foreground can be composited onto a new background in image and video editing.
Image noise
Image noise, also known as visual noise or sensor noise, is the random variation of pixel values in a digital image not present in the scene.
Image of God
The image of God (Latin imago Dei, Hebrew tselem Elohim) is the doctrine that humans resemble, represent, or reflect God, conferring unique dignity on every person.
Image quality assessment
Image quality assessment (IQA) measures how faithfully an image represents its subject, using metrics such as PSNR and SSIM, plus no-reference models like BRISQUE and NIQE.
Image quantization
Image quantization is a digital image processing method that reduces the number of distinct colors or intensity levels in an image, so it can be stored with fewer bits.
Image registration
Image registration, also known as coregistration or image matching, geometrically aligns two or more images of the same scene taken at different times, viewpoints, or sensors.
Image resolution
Image resolution, also called picture resolution, is an imaging system's ability to distinguish finely spaced detail, given as a spatial frequency in line pairs per millimeter, distinct from pixel count.
Image scaling
Image scaling, also known as image resampling or resizing, changes the number of pixels in a digital image, with the interpolation method determining quality and speed.
Image scanner
An image scanner, also called an optical scanner, is an input device that converts documents, photographs, and film into digital images, typically one narrow line at a time.
Image scanning microscopy
Image scanning microscopy (ISM) is a fluorescence microscopy technique that replaces the confocal pinhole with a detector array, improving lateral resolution about 1.5- to 2-fold over confocal microscopy.
Image segmentation
Image segmentation, also called digital image segmentation, is the task of partitioning an image into labeled regions so objects and structures are separated from the background.
Image sensor
An image sensor is a semiconductor device that converts light into electrical signals so a camera can record an image, using CCD or the now-standard CMOS architecture.
Image sensor format
Image sensor format, also known as sensor size, is the nominal designation for the physical size of a digital camera's sensor, determining field of view and light gathering.
Image stabilization
Image stabilization is a family of hardware and software techniques that reduce camera-shake blur in photos and video, by moving a lens or sensor or correcting digitally.
Image steganography
Image steganography is a technique that conceals a secret message inside a digital image by imperceptibly modifying pixel values, hiding the message's very existence rather than its content, a practice that took shape in the 1990s.
Image stitching
Image stitching, also called photo mosaicking, is a computer vision technique that combines overlapping images into one panorama or high-resolution mosaic, widely used in smartphones and satellite mapping.
Image subtraction
Image subtraction is a digital image processing operation that computes pixel-wise differences between two images, making changed or moving regions stand out for motion detection.
IMAGe syndrome
IMAGe syndrome (intrauterine growth restriction, metaphyseal dysplasia, adrenal hypoplasia congenita, genital anomalies; OMIM 614732) is a very rare maternally inherited gain-of-function CDKN1C disorder presenting at birth with growth restriction and adrenal insufficiency.
Image Universe
Image Universe: the mainstream shared continuity of Image Comics, founded 1992 by seven ex-Marvel artists. Early crossovers (Deathmate, Image United) gave way to Shattered Image and separate title universes, now joined by Spawn Universe, Energon Universe, and Massive-Verse.
Image velocimetry
Image velocimetry is a family of image-based methods that estimate fluid flow velocities by tracking particles or surface patterns across images, producing a two-dimensional velocity field.
Image warping
Image warping is a spatial transformation of a digital image that maps every pixel position to a new location, used in registration, panorama stitching, and texture mapping.
Image watermarking
Image watermarking is a digital image processing technique that embeds hidden information, such as an ownership identifier or authentication data, into an image's pixels for later detection or extraction.
Image-guided biopsy
Image-guided biopsy is a procedure in which a needle is placed into a suspected lesion under real-time imaging, such as ultrasound or CT, to obtain cells or tissue for diagnosis.
Image-guided radiation therapy
Image-guided radiation therapy (IGRT) uses pictures from CT, ultrasound, or X-ray to guide the radiation beam at the tumor, improving accuracy and sparing healthy tissue.
Image-guided surgery
Image-guided surgery (IGS) is a set of surgical techniques that link preoperative CT or MRI scans to the patient's anatomy, displaying instrument position and trajectory during the operation.
Image-Guided Surgery Toolkit
The Image-Guided Surgery Toolkit (IGSTK) is an open source C++ library providing tracking, registration, and visualization components for image-guided surgery applications, led from Georgetown University and released in 2006.
Image-guided thermal ablation
Image-guided thermal ablation is a minimally invasive cancer treatment in which probes placed under ultrasound, CT, or MRI guidance destroy tumors with heat or cold.
Image-to-image translation
Image-to-image translation is a computer vision problem of learning to convert images between domains while preserving content, with Pix2Pix as the paired and CycleGAN as the unpaired reference method.
Image-to-video and motion conditioning
Image-to-video and motion conditioning is a family of AI techniques for generating video with diffusion or transformer models conditioned on a start frame, reference image, or motion trajectory.
ImageBind
ImageBind is a multimodal embedding method introduced by Meta AI in May 2023, binding images, text, audio, depth, thermal, and IMU data in one shared space.