All articles starting with I
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Independent Regulators Group
The Independent Regulators Group (IRG) is an informal association of European national telecommunications regulators, founded in 1997 in Paris and now grouping 37 regulatory authorities from EU, EFTA, and candidate countries.
Independent school districts in Texas
Independent school districts in Texas are units of local government, independent of any city or county, run by elected boards that levy their own property taxes; Texas has about 1,039.
Independent set (graph theory)
An independent set, also called a coclique or anticlique, is a set of vertices in a graph with no edges between any pair; the largest such set is the independence number.
Independent Smallholders' Party
The Independent Smallholders' Party (Független Kisgazdapárt, FKgP) was a Hungarian agrarian party founded in 1930 that won an absolute majority in Hungary's 1945 free election, was dismantled by 1949, and refounded in 1988.
Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany
Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany (USPD, Unabhängige Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands): anti-war SPD splinter founded April 1917, governed jointly in 1918, split into KPD and SPD wings 1920–1922.
Independent Spirit Awards
Film Independent Spirit Awards: annual honors from the nonprofit Film Independent for independent film and TV, budget-capped eligibility, member voting; 41st ceremony February 15, 2026, won by Train Dreams and Adolescence.
Independent State of Croatia
The Independent State of Croatia (Nezavisna Država Hrvatska, NDH) was the Axis puppet state of 1941–1945 under Ustaša leader Ante Pavelić, covering Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and part of Serbia, whose regime enacted Nazi-style racial laws and perpetrated genocide against Serbs, Jews, and Roma.
Independent suspension
Independent suspension is a vehicle suspension arrangement in which each wheel on the same axle moves vertically independently, giving better ride quality and handling than a rigid axle.
Independent Television Authority
The Independent Television Authority (ITA, 1954–1972) was the UK body created by the Television Act 1954 to build and run the ITV transmission network, award regional commercial TV franchises, and regulate advertising, before becoming the IBA in 1972.
Independent Theatre Pakistan
Independent Theatre Pakistan (ITP), a Lahore theatre company and performing arts organization founded in 2012 by Azeem Hamid, staging Urdu, Punjabi, and English productions of writers such as Manto and running a youth-centered arts program.
Independent Treasury Act
The Independent Treasury Act, first passed in 1840 and re-enacted in 1846, separated US government finances from private banks by holding public money in sub-treasury vaults until 1921.
Independent trial (NCT00710788)
NCT00710788, the INDEPENDENT study, an Italian open-label randomized trial comparing sevelamer with calcium carbonate in 466 incident hemodialysis patients, reporting lower arrhythmic cardiovascular mortality with sevelamer (HR 0.06).
Independent vector analysis
Independent vector analysis (IVA), introduced by Tae-Su Kim in 2007, is a blind source separation method that extends independent component analysis to several datasets at once, with applications in speech separation and fMRI.
Independent voter
Independent voter: a U.S. voter not formally affiliated with a major party, also called unaffiliated or no party affiliation (NPA). About 45% of adults self-identify as independent, but most lean toward a party, and primary access varies by state.
Independenta oil spill
The Independenta oil spill was a tanker disaster in the Bosphorus at Istanbul, Turkey, on 15 November 1979, in which the Romanian tanker Independenta collided with the Greek ship Evrialy.
Independiente Medellín
Independiente Medellín (DIM), 'El Poderoso de la Montaña': Colombian football club founded 1913, six league titles (1955, 1957, 2002, 2004, 2009, sixth), shares Estadio Atanasio Girardot with Atlético Nacional.
INDER J. CHOPRA
Inder J. Chopra (Inder Jit Chopra) is an endocrinologist, diabetes, and metabolism specialist at UCLA known for developing radioimmunoassays for thyroid hormones and their metabolites.
Inder Kumar (इंदर कुमार)
Inder Kumar (इंदर कुमार, born Inder Kumar Saraf; 1973–2017), Bollywood supporting actor known for Wanted, Tumko Na Bhool Paayenge, and as Mihir Virani on Kyunki Saas Bhi Kabhi Bahu Thi; distinct from director Indra Kumar.
Inder Kumar Gujral
Inder Kumar Gujral (1919-2012), 12th Prime Minister of India, April 1997 to March 1998, Janata Dal; twice Foreign Minister, creator of the non-reciprocal Gujral Doctrine, refused to sign the CTBT in 1996.
Inder M. Verma
Inder M. Verma is an Indian-born American molecular biologist at the Salk Institute who pioneered viral vectors for gene therapy and was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 1997.
Inder S. Anand
Inder S. Anand, also published as Inder Anand, is an Indian-born cardiologist who directed the heart failure program at the Minneapolis VA Medical Center and described adult subacute mountain sickness.
Inder Sabha
Inder Sabha (اندر سبھا, "The Court of Indra") is an Urdu verse musical play by the Lucknow poet Amanat, first staged in 1853 and generally treated as the first complete Urdu drama.
Inder Singh Parmar
Inder Singh Parmar is an Indian Bharatiya Janata Party politician and minister in the Government of Madhya Pradesh, holding the Higher Education, Technical Education, and AYUSH portfolios.
Inder T. Jaisinghani
Inder T. Jaisinghani is an Indian business executive who leads Polycab India, the country's largest wires and cables maker, which he built from his family's Mumbai electrical store.
Inderjit Chopra
Inderjit Chopra is an American aerospace engineer at the University of Maryland known for rotorcraft aeromechanics and elected to the National Academy of Engineering in 2023.
Inderjit Kaur
Inderjit Kaur is an Indian Aam Aadmi Party politician and former school principal who became the first woman Mayor of Ludhiana in January 2025, after winning as a first-time councillor from Ward 13.
Inderpal Moga
Inderpal Moga is a Punjabi rapper and singer, born in Punjab and based in British Columbia, Canada, known for the 2021 hit "Daku" with Chani Nattan and a 2025 JUNO Award nomination.
Indescribable cardinal
An indescribable cardinal is a large cardinal whose higher-order statements about Vκ already hold in some smaller Vα, introduced by Hanf and Scott in 1961.
Indeterminate cell histiocytosis
Indeterminate cell histiocytosis (ICH), or indeterminate dendritic cell tumor, is a rare skin-limited CD1a+/S100+/langerin-negative histiocytic neoplasm, first described by Wood et al in 1985, often associated with myeloid neoplasms and ETV3::NCOA2 fusions.
Indeterminate colitis
Indeterminate colitis (IC), related to IBD unclassified (IBDU), is a provisional IBD diagnosis for colitis that cannot be classified as ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease; IC is reserved for colectomy specimens, affects roughly 5-15% of colonic IBD, and mostly behaves like UC.