All articles starting with I
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Idi Amin
Idi Amin Dada, Ugandan military dictator who seized power in the 25 January 1971 coup against Milton Obote, expelled about 80,000 Asians in 1972, presided over an estimated 300,000 killings, and was overthrown by Tanzania in April 1979.
Idid (group)
IDID (아이딧) is a seven-member South Korean boy group under Starship Entertainment, formed via the 2025 survival show Debut's Plan; debuted September 15, 2025 with EP 'I did it.' and single CHAN-RAN; fandom WITHID; releases PUSH BACK and FLY!.
Idilio salvaje
Idilio salvaje is a long Spanish-language poem by the Mexican poet Manuel José Othón, composed in 1904–1905 and generally regarded as his most celebrated work.
Idiminium
Idiminium (Idiminio, Idominio) was a Roman road station in Pannonia on the Taurunum–Sirmium road, listed on the Tabula Peutingeriana between Bassianis and Tauruno, possibly at modern Vojka, dated Late Antique (Romna).
Idimum
Idimum (Idimo, Idomo), a Roman mansio or road station on the via publica Viminacium–Naissus in Upper Moesia, at Medveđa on the Resava River, Serbia; excavated 1960–1962, with baths and a vicus, occupied mainly in the 3rd–4th centuries.
Idina Menzel
Idina Menzel, born Idina Kim Menzel in 1971, is an American actress and singer who originated Elphaba in Wicked, winning the 2004 Tony Award, and voiced Elsa in Frozen.
Idiocracy
Idiocracy is Mike Judge's 2006 satirical sci-fi comedy (with Etan Cohen) in which Luke Wilson's average soldier wakes in 2505 as the smartest man alive; a box-office flop that became a cult classic and political shorthand.
Idioglossia
Idioglossia, also known as cryptophasia, is a secret language invented by one person or a small group in close contact, typically twins, and unintelligible to outsiders.
Idiom
Idiom: a fixed expression whose figurative meaning cannot be derived from its component words (kick the bucket, spill the beans); distinguished from proverbs and collocations; central to phraseology, L2 learning, and NLP.
Idiopathic acute eosinophilic pneumonia
Idiopathic acute eosinophilic pneumonia (IAEP) is a rare eosinophilic lung disease, first described in 1989, causing acute febrile hypoxic respiratory failure with BAL eosinophilia over 25% in previously healthy people; corticosteroids usually cure it.
Idiopathic angioedema
Idiopathic angioedema (chronic idiopathic angioedema) is recurrent deep-skin or submucosal swelling with no identifiable cause, diagnosed by exclusion. Subtypes are histaminergic and non-histaminergic; most cases respond to H1-antihistamines, corticosteroids, or epinephrine.
Idiopathic aplastic anemia
Idiopathic aplastic anemia (idiopathic bone marrow failure, ICD-10 D61.3) is a rare bone marrow failure disorder with pancytopenia and no identifiable cause; it accounts for 70-80% of aplastic anemia cases and is treated with immunosuppressive therapy or stem cell transplant.
Idiopathic aseptic osteonecrosis
Idiopathic aseptic osteonecrosis (ICD-11 FB81.0; ICD-10 M87.0) is bone death from lost blood supply with no identifiable cause, up to 40% of cases, mainly femoral head in adults aged 33-45, diagnosed by MRI.
Idiopathic avascular necrosis
Idiopathic avascular necrosis (idiopathic AVN, osteonecrosis) is rare bone death from disrupted blood supply with no known cause, affecting the femoral head, talus, humerus, and scaphoid, causing refractory pain and possible bone collapse.
Idiopathic bilateral vestibulopathy
Idiopathic bilateral vestibulopathy (IBV, ORPHA 171684) is an acquired bilateral peripheral vestibular dysfunction of unknown cause, with persistent unsteadiness and oscillopsia but no hearing loss beyond age-related; first defined by Baloh et al. in 1989.
Idiopathic bronchiectasis
Idiopathic bronchiectasis is bronchiectasis, a chronic respiratory disease of permanently widened airways causing daily cough and sputum, with no identifiable cause after systematic testing; it is the largest category of non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis in adults.
Idiopathic camptocormia
Idiopathic camptocormia (bent spine syndrome) is a rare postural disorder with involuntary forward trunk flexion when standing or walking that resolves supine, caused by fatty-infiltrated, weak lumbar paraspinal muscles with no identifiable cause.
Idiopathic catatonia
Idiopathic catatonia, also called isolated catatonia or idiopathic catatonic syndrome, is a rare condition marked by catatonic features without any psychiatric, medical, or substance cause.
Idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia
Idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia (ICL), also called idiopathic CD4+ T-lymphocytopenia, is a rare immunodeficiency defined by CD4 counts below 300 cells/mm3 without HIV, causing opportunistic infections, cancer risk, and sometimes spontaneous recovery.
Idiopathic central alveolar hypoventilation
Idiopathic central alveolar hypoventilation (ICAH, ICD-11 7A42.3), also called sleep-related idiopathic or non-obstructive alveolar hypoventilation, is a sleep-related breathing disorder with hypercapnia and hypoxemia from blunted CO2/O2 chemoresponsiveness, diagnosed by polysomnography with CO2 monitoring after excluding other causes.
Idiopathic chronic eosinophilic pneumonia
Idiopathic chronic eosinophilic pneumonia (ICEP, CEP, cryptogenic pulmonary eosinophilia) is a rare interstitial lung disease with lung eosinophil accumulation, asthma association, rapid steroid response, and frequent relapse.
Idiopathic chronic pancreatitis
Idiopathic chronic pancreatitis (ICP) is chronic pancreatitis with no identified cause after full workup, up to 25% of cases, divided into early-onset (median onset ~20 years) and late-onset (~58 years) forms with strong SPINK1, CFTR, and CTRC genetic susceptibility.
Idiopathic dropped head syndrome
Idiopathic dropped head syndrome, also known as isolated neck extensor myopathy, is an uncommon muscle disorder in which weak neck extensors leave the head unable to stay erect.
Idiopathic ductopenia
Idiopathic ductopenia (idiopathic adulthood ductopenia, IAD) is a rare cholestatic liver disease with unexplained loss of interlobular bile ducts in over 50% of portal tracts, first described by Ludwig in 1988, affecting young adults and sometimes requiring transplantation.
Idiopathic eosinophilic myositis
Idiopathic eosinophilic myositis (ORPHA:247724, ICD-10 M60.8), also called idiopathic eosinophilia-associated myopathy, is a rare idiopathic inflammatory myopathy with eosinophilic skeletal muscle infiltration of unknown cause, distinguished from parasitic, drug-induced, and malignant eosinophilic myositis.
Idiopathic gastroparesis
Idiopathic gastroparesis is a stomach motility disorder marked by delayed gastric emptying and chronic upper digestive symptoms when no underlying cause can be found, accounting for 30% to 50% of gastroparesis cases.
Idiopathic granulomatous hepatitis
Idiopathic granulomatous hepatitis, also called idiopathic hepatic granuloma, is a rare diagnosis-of-exclusion syndrome of hepatic granulomas with recurrent fever, myalgias, and hepatosplenomegaly, treated with prednisone after tuberculosis exclusion and carrying an excellent prognosis.
Idiopathic hypercalciuria
Idiopathic hypercalciuria (IH), also called absorptive or renal-leak hypercalciuria, is excessive urinary calcium with normal serum calcium and no secondary cause; it affects up to 50% of calcium stone formers and involves gut, kidney, and bone.
Idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome
Idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome (iHES): sustained blood eosinophilia above 1.5 × 10^9/L with eosinophil-mediated organ damage and no reactive, clonal, familial, or lymphocytic cause; a diagnosis of exclusion treated first with corticosteroids, then IL-5-targeted biologics.
Idiopathic hypersomnia
Idiopathic hypersomnia (IH), a chronic central disorder of hypersomnolence, causes excessive daytime sleepiness, long unrefreshing sleep, and sleep drunkenness without cataplexy; cause unknown, diagnosed by MSLT and 24-hour sleep time, treated with oxybate and stimulants.