All articles starting with L
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Liberec Region
Liberec Region (Liberecký kraj), Czech Republic's second smallest region (3,163 km²) on the German and Polish borders; capital Liberec; mountainous, industrial (glass, jewelry), with tourism in Bohemian Paradise and Krkonoše.
Liberia
Liberia: West African republic founded by freed American slaves, independent since 1847, Africa's oldest republic; capital Monrovia; post-conflict economy with poverty above 50%, mining- and agriculture-driven growth, and vast Upper Guinean forests.
Liberia national football team
Liberia national football team, the Lone Star, governed by the Liberia Football Association (FIFA member since 1962); AFCON 1996 and 2002 qualifiers, no World Cup appearance; home ground Samuel Kanyon Doe Sports Complex, Monrovia; George Weah's Weah XI era and long post-2002 AFCON drought.
Liberia, Costa Rica
Liberia, Costa Rica, called la Ciudad Blanca, is the capital of Guanacaste province, founded as El Guanacaste in 1769, a former Nicaraguan-linked villa annexed in 1825, gateway to Guanacaste tourism via Daniel Oduber Quirós International Airport.
Liberian and Sierra Leonean refugees in Guinea
Liberian and Sierra Leonean refugees in Guinea were people displaced by the two civil wars who made Guinea one of Africa's largest refugee hosts in the 1990s.
Liberian Declaration of Independence
The Liberian Declaration of Independence, adopted on July 26, 1847, proclaimed Liberia independent of the American Colonization Society, making it Africa's first republic with a US-modeled constitution.
Liberian dollar
The Liberian dollar (LRD) is the official currency of Liberia, divided into 100 cents and circulating alongside the US dollar, which Liberian law also recognizes as legal tender.
Liberian forced labor scandal
The Liberian forced labor scandal was a 1929 to 1934 controversy in which an international commission found Liberian officials shipping forced laborers to Fernando Po.
Liberian Girl
Liberian Girl is a 1987 Michael Jackson song from Bad, released July 4, 1989 as its ninth and final single, peaking at UK number 13. Its Swahili intro is sung by South African singer Letta Mbulu; the 1989 James Yukich video features celebrity cameos.
Liberian refugee crisis
The Liberian refugee crisis was the mass displacement of Liberian civilians during the civil wars of 1989 to 2003, which drove hundreds of thousands into neighboring West African countries.
Liberibacter
Liberibacter (Candidatus Liberibacter), gram-negative Rhizobiaceae alphaproteobacteria, phloem-limited psyllid-vectored plant pathogens; Las, Laf, Lam cause citrus huanglongbing, Lso causes potato zebra chip; mostly unculturable.
Liberis
Liberis is a London-based embedded business finance company founded in 2007 that provides revenue-based financing to small businesses through platforms they already use, like payment processors.
Liberius
Liberius was bishop of Rome from 352 to 366, exiled to Beroea by Constantius II over Athanasius, and faced by the rival bishop Felix II during his exile.
Liberland
Liberland (Free Republic of Liberland) is a self-proclaimed micronation founded 13 April 2015 by Vít Jedlička on Gornja Siga, ~7 km² of unclaimed Danube land between Croatia and Serbia; unrecognized, blockchain-governed, settled since 2023.
LIBERO
LIBERO is a simulation benchmark suite of 130 robot manipulation tasks for lifelong robot learning, published at NeurIPS 2023 and now the standard evaluation for vision-language-action models.
Libero Marchini
Libero Turiddu Marchini (Turiddu), Italian football midfielder, 1936 Berlin Olympic gold medalist who played all four matches; clubs included Fiorentina, Genoa, Lucchese, Lazio, Torino; anti-fascist anarchist.
Libersart
Tumuli de Libersart: two Gallo-Roman burial mounds at Libersart, Tourinnes-Saint-Lambert, Walhain, Walloon Brabant, Belgium; excavated 1910-1911, classified 1972, on the Hesbaye tumulus route.
Libertad bajo palabra
Libertad bajo palabra is a book by the Mexican poet Octavio Paz that gathers his poetry from 1935 to 1957 and closes with the long poem Piedra de sol.
Libertad, Caraga
Libertad (Barangay Libertad, Butuan City) is an urban barangay in Agusan del Norte, Caraga, Philippines; population 24,880 (2024), Butuan's largest barangay, and site of the ancient balangay boat discoveries at Ambangan.
Libertalia
Libertalia (Libertalia: Winds of Galecrest) is Paolo Mori's 2012 pirate board game for 2–6 players, three voyages of simultaneous character-card play for loot and doubloons; revised by Stonemaier Games in 2022 with 40 characters and a reputation tiebreaker system.
Libertarian authoritarianism
Libertarian authoritarianism: a scholarly concept (Wendy Brown 2018; Amlinger & Nachtwey's Offended Freedom) describing fusion of individual-liberty rhetoric with authoritarian, anti-democratic politics, studied via the LIAU scale.
Libertarian conservatism
Libertarian conservatism, best known as Frank Meyer's fusionism in National Review, blends conservative social values and anti-communism with libertarian limited government and free markets; Bozell coined the name, Reagan embodied it.
Libertarian Party (United States)
Libertarian Party (United States), founded December 11, 1971 by David Nolan and others; the Party of Principle, third-largest US party. Advocates individual sovereignty, free markets, income-tax repeal; nominated Chase Oliver in 2024, Evan McMahon chairs from 2026.
Libertarian Party of Canada
Libertarian Party of Canada, founded 1973 by Bruce Evoy, a federally registered minor party advocating limited government, voluntary taxation, and free markets; ran candidates from 1974 onward, never won a seat, and was deregistered by Elections Canada effective March 31, 2026.
Libertarian socialism
Libertarian socialism: anti-statist, radically democratic, self-managing socialism between anarchism and Marxism; currents include mutualism, anarcho-syndicalism, council communism; key figures Proudhon, Bakunin; experiments in Spain 1936, Chiapas, Rojava.
Libertarianism
Libertarianism: a family of political philosophies taking individual freedom as the paramount value and coercion as its antithesis. Also called classical liberalism's modern outgrowth; spans right-libertarianism (strong property rights) and left-libertarianism (egalitarian resource claims), from Déjacque to Nozick.
Libertarianism in the United States
American libertarianism: a political philosophy and movement taking individual freedom as the paramount value, also called the American libertarian movement; Libertarian Party founded 1971, best presidential result 3.25% in 2016.
Libertas
Libertas, Roman goddess and personification of freedom (libertas, non-domination under law); Aventine temple of 238 BCE, pileus on coins from 119 BC, Brutus's EID MAR issue, imperial libertas Augusta, model for later liberty imagery.
Libertatia
Libertatia, also spelled Libertalia, is a legendary pirate colony said to have been founded in Madagascar in the late seventeenth century by Captain James Misson and generally considered fictional.
Liberté
"Liberté" is a song by the Algerian rapper and singer Soolking with Ouled El Bahdja, released in March 2019 and adopted as an anthem of Algeria's Hirak protests.