All articles starting with L
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Lithuanian press ban
The Lithuanian press ban (spaudos draudimas) was a Russian Empire prohibition on printing Lithuanian publications in Latin characters, imposed after the 1863 uprising and lifted in 1904.
Lithuanian rabbinic literature
Lithuanian rabbinic literature is the body of commentaries, novellae, and responsa produced by Lithuanian rabbis from the eighteenth century onward, beginning with the Vilna Gaon.
Lithuanian realism
Lithuanian realism is the realist tradition in Lithuanian literature, shaped as a distinct current in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and pioneered by Žemaitė.
Lithuanian Reformation literature
Lithuanian Reformation literature is the Lithuanian-language religious writing produced under the 16th-century Protestant Reformation, beginning with Martynas Mažvydas's catechism, the first printed Lithuanian book, in 1547.
Lithuanian Riflemen's Union
The Lithuanian Riflemen's Union (Lietuvos šaulių sąjunga) is a voluntary, state-supported paramilitary organization founded in Kaunas in 1919, disbanded under Soviet occupation in 1940, and restored in 1989 to prepare society for total defense.
Lithuanian romanticism
Lithuanian romanticism (lietuvių romantizmas) is the branch of European Romanticism that developed in Russian-ruled Lithuania from the early 19th century, centered on Vilnius University and idealizing the national past, folk culture, and nature.
Lithuanian Scientific Society
The Lithuanian Scientific Society (Lietuvių mokslo draugija) was a learned society for science, education, and culture in Vilnius, founded in 1907 and led by Jonas Basanavičius.
Lithuanian sieges of Moscow under Olgerd
The Lithuanian sieges of Moscow under Olgerd were three campaigns of 1368, 1370, and 1372 in which Olgerd of Lithuania besieged Moscow without taking it.
Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic
The Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic was the state entity established after the Soviet Union occupied Lithuania in June 1940, formally annexed that August, and maintained until 1990.
Lithuanian Statute
The Lithuanian Statute (Lietuvos Statutas) is the codified law of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, issued in three editions in 1529, 1566, and 1588, and in force until 1840.
Lithuanian symbolism
Lithuanian symbolism is the branch of the European symbolist movement that shaped Lithuanian literature and art from the late 1910s, led by poets Balys Sruoga and Vincas Mykolaitis-Putinas.
Lithuanian talonas
The talonas was Lithuania's interim currency of 1991 to 1993, paper coupons issued alongside the Soviet rouble and replaced by the litas at 100 talonas to 1 litas.
Lithuanian Tribunal
The Lithuanian Tribunal, formally the Supreme Tribunal of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, was its highest court of appeal for the nobility, established in 1581 and dissolved in the 1790s.
Lithuanian University of Health Sciences
Lithuanian University of Health Sciences (LSMU, Lietuvos sveikatos mokslų universitetas), public university in Kaunas formed 2010 by merging Kaunas University of Medicine and Lithuanian Veterinary Academy; Lithuania's largest biomedical institution, SKVC-accredited to 2030.
Lithuanian Wars of Independence
The Lithuanian Wars of Independence (Nepriklausomybės karai) were the 1918–1920 conflicts in which newly independent Lithuania defended itself against Soviet Russia, the Bermontians, and Poland.
Lithuanian Writers' Union
The Lithuanian Writers' Union (Lietuvos rašytojų sąjunga, LWU) is an association of about 360 professional poets, prose writers, and translators in Lithuania, headquartered in Vilnius since 1990.
Lithuanians
Lithuanians (lietuviai) are the Baltic ethnic group forming 84.6 percent of Lithuania's 2021 population; they speak Lithuanian, founded the last pagan European state, and were Christianized in 1387.
Lithuanians (tribe)
Lithuanians (tribe), lietuviai, a Baltic tribe east of the middle Nemunas; core of the Lithuanian ethnos formed 13th–15th centuries, with Aukštaitian and Žemaitian branches.
Lithui Montes
Lithui Montes, a mountain range (montes) on Saturn's moon Titan, imaged by Cassini RADAR; part of Titan's tectonically formed, globally east-west-trending equatorial ridge belts, among the moon's oldest terrains.
Litifilimab
Litifilimab (BIIB059) is Biogen's humanized anti-BDCA2 monoclonal antibody for lupus; it suppresses type I interferon from plasmacytoid dendritic cells and showed phase 2 efficacy in cutaneous and systemic lupus, with phase 3 trials ongoing.
Litigation involving Jeffrey Epstein
Litigation involving Jeffrey Epstein covers the 2008 Florida plea and non-prosecution agreement, Crime Victims' Rights Act suits, 2019 federal sex trafficking charges, the estate's compensation program paying about $121 million, and JPMorgan and Bank of America settlements.
Litikai
Litikai (লিটিকাই) is a poetry collection by the Assamese poet Nalinibala Devi, known only from its listing in a Sahitya Akademi monograph on her works.
Litke Deep
Litke Deep, a depression in the Eurasian Basin of the Arctic Ocean about 350 km north of Svalbard, long cited as the Arctic's deepest point at 5,449 m; modern analysis finds about 4,000 m, with the Molloy Deep deeper. Named for Fyodor Litke.
Litlington
Litlington Roman villa, Cambridgeshire: a Roman villa near Royston (Barrington Atlas 8 G2) with the Heaven's Walls walled cemetery, an 1821 ustrinum find, and a 2010 Time Team evaluation confirming its position.
Litmus
Litmus is a lichen-derived dye (Roccellaceae, orchil-related) used as an acid-base indicator: red in acid, blue in alkali, changing over about pH 5.0-8.0, made into litmus test paper since Robert Boyle's 17th-century work.
Litmus test (politics)
Litmus test (politics): a single dealbreaker issue used to judge candidates, especially Roe v. Wade for Supreme Court nominees; includes the "no litmus test" pledge, ABA vetting, and 2025 changes.
Lito Lapid
Lito Lapid (Manuel Mercado Lapid, born 1955) is a Filipino action-film star turned senator of the Philippines, Pampanga governor 1995-2004, author of the Free Legal Assistance Act of 2010, and NPC member seeking a fourth Senate term.
Lito Sousa
Lito Sousa, born Joselito Geraldo de Sousa, was a Brazilian aircraft mechanic and aviation educator whose YouTube channel Aviões e Músicas became the largest Portuguese-language aviation education platform.
Litoměřice
Litoměřice (Leitmeritz) is a royal town in northern Bohemia on the Elbe at the Ohře confluence, 69 km from Prague; founded 1219, diocesan seat since 1655, wine center, 22,627 residents in 2025.
Litomyšl Castle
Litomyšl Castle (Zámek Litomyšl), a Renaissance arcade castle in the Czech Pardubice Region built 1568–1581 for Vratislav of Pernštejn, UNESCO World Heritage site since 1999, with sgraffito facades and Smetana's birthplace brewery.