All articles starting with L
25,375 articles
Llandudno
Llandudno, the "Queen of the Welsh Resorts", is Wales's largest seaside resort, a planned Victorian town between the Great and Little Ormes with a 1877 pier, Bronze Age copper mines, and a cable tramway.
Llanelli
Llanelli, Carmarthenshire's largest town on the South Wales coast near the Loughor Estuary, population about 35,000; former "Tinopolis" global tinplate centre, now focused on town centre and coastal regeneration.
Llanfairpwllgwyngyll
Llanfairpwllgwyngyll (Llanfair PG), Anglesey village on the Menai Strait; extended 58-letter name Llanfairpwllgwyngyllgogerychwyrndrobwllllantysiliogogogoch, longest place name in Europe, invented in the 1860s as a railway tourism publicity stunt; 2021 population 2,906.
Llano Estacado
Llano Estacado (Staked Plains): southern extension of the High Plains in northwest Texas and northeast New Mexico, a 32,000-square-mile treeless mesa over the Ogallala aquifer, bounded by the Caprock and Mescalero escarpments.
Llanos
Llanos (Los Llanos, Orinoquia ecoregion): vast tropical savanna plains of Colombia and Venezuela, over 500,000 km2 along the Orinoco; second-largest Neotropical savanna, cattle-ranching llanero culture, Trachypogon grasslands, capybara and Orinoco crocodile.
Llanos El Salado
Llanos El Salado, FEOW ecoregion 166, is an endorheic closed-basin freshwater ecoregion on the Mexican Plateau, mainly San Luis Potosí, with 75 percent endemic Cyprinodontidae pupfishes in isolated springs.
Llanos Orientales Oil Pipeline
The Llanos Orientales Oil Pipeline (Oleoducto de los Llanos Orientales) is a crude oil pipeline in eastern Colombia, opened in 2009 to carry heavy crude to the Caribbean port of Coveñas.
Llantrisant
Llantrisant, Welsh for Church of the Three Saints, is a historic hilltop town in Rhondda Cynon Taf, South Wales, near Cardiff, chartered in 1346 and home of the Royal Mint since 1968.
Llantwit Major
Llantwit Major, Welsh Llanilltud Fawr, is a town in the Vale of Glamorgan in southern Wales, named as the site of Saint Illtud's principal 5th-century church.
Llapi
Llapi (Llap) is a region of northern Kosovo, the 945.4 km² watershed of the Llap river centered on Podujeva, and the name of KF Llapi 1932, a football club founded 5 July 1932, Kosovo Cup winner 2021 and 2022.
LLaVA
LLaVA (Large Language and Vision Assistant) is an open-source family of vision-language models, first released in April 2023, that connects a CLIP vision encoder to a language model.
LLC-MK2
LLC-MK2 (Lilly Laboratories Culture-Monkey Kidney 2), also written LLCMK2, is a spontaneously immortalized rhesus macaque kidney epithelial cell line established by Hull, Cherry, and Tritch at Lilly Research Laboratories (ATCC CCL-7, Cellosaurus CVCL_3009), widely used for virus isolation including parainfluenza, mumps, metapneumovirus, SARS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2.
LLC-PK1
LLC-PK1, from Lilly Laboratories Culture-Porcine Kidney 1, is a pig kidney epithelial cell line developed in 1958 and used as a model of the renal proximal tubule.
Lleida
Lleida (Lérida; ancient Ilerda, Iberian Iltirta) is a city in western Catalonia, Spain, capital of the Segrià comarca and province. Roman municipium, Muslim Larida, captured 1149; 146,266 inhabitants (2025), seat of a bishopric and the first university of the Crown of Aragon.
Lleida (district)
Lleida (district) is the inland western province of Catalonia, Spain, capital Lleida; also a vegueria covering six comarcas. About 464,600 inhabitants (2026), lowest housing prices in Catalonia, largest neighborhood socioeconomic gap in the region.
Llew Patera
Llew Patera is a 78-km-wide patera, a volcanic depression, on Jupiter's moon Io at 12.16°N, 242.31°W, named in 2006 after a Celtic sun god, one of hundreds of caldera-like features on the volcanic moon.
Llewellyn John Montfort Bebb
Llewellyn John Montfort Bebb (1862–1915) was an Anglican priest and Oxford academic who was a fellow of Brasenose College from 1885 to 1898, then principal of St David's College, Lampeter, until his death.
Llewellyn Thomas
Llewellyn Hilleth Thomas was a British-born American theoretical physicist known for Thomas precession and the Thomas–Fermi model, and elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 1958.
Llewelyn Davies boys
The Llewelyn Davies boys, George, Jack, Peter, Michael, and Nicholas, were the family whose friendship with J. M. Barrie inspired Peter Pan; orphaned in 1907 and 1910, they were raised under his guardianship.
Llewyn Davis
Llewyn Davis is the fictional folk singer played by Oscar Isaac in the Coen brothers' 2013 film Inside Llewyn Davis, loosely inspired by Dave Van Ronk and set in Greenwich Village in 1961.
Lleyton Hewitt
Lleyton Hewitt, born 1981 in Adelaide, is an Australian former tennis player who became world No. 1 in 2001 and won the 2001 US Open and 2002 Wimbledon.
Llion Jones
Llion Jones is a Welsh computer scientist, co-author of the 2017 Transformer paper "Attention Is All You Need" and co-founder and CTO of Tokyo AI startup Sakana AI.
Llívia
Llívia is a Spanish municipality of Baixa Cerdanya, Girona, an enclave fully surrounded by France, kept Spanish by the 1659 Treaty of the Pyrenees because it was a town, not a village; about 1,572 residents, 12.87 km², home to Europe's oldest preserved pharmacy.
LLL lattice reduction
LLL lattice reduction is a 1982 algorithm by Lenstra, Lenstra, and Lovász that turns a lattice basis into short, nearly orthogonal vectors in polynomial time.
LLM guardrails and safety classifiers
LLM guardrails and safety classifiers are external models or rule systems that screen prompts sent to a large language model and its completions, blocking content that violates a safety policy.
LLM inference cost engineering
LLM inference cost engineering is the practice of lowering the per-token cost and latency of serving large language models through batching, caching, quantization, and model routing.
LLM watermarking
LLM watermarking is a technique in which a large language model embeds a hidden statistical signal into generated text, detectable algorithmically while invisible to human readers.
LLM-as-a-Judge
LLM-as-a-Judge, or LLM-based evaluation, is an evaluation method where a large language model assesses another model's answers, proposed as a scalable substitute for human evaluation.
LLM-assisted data wrangling
LLM-assisted data wrangling uses large language models to clean, impute, match, and transform tabular data via prompting, replacing task-specific pipelines; key issues are hallucination, prompt brittleness, cost, and required validation.
LLM-jp corpus
The LLM-jp corpus is a versioned series of open pre-training datasets for Japanese large language models, built by the National Institute of Informatics, growing from 270 billion tokens in 2024 to 19.5 trillion by 2025.