All articles starting with L
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Lysandra
Lysandra (Λυσάνδρα) was a Ptolemaic princess, daughter of Ptolemy I and Eurydice, who married Alexander V of Macedon and Agathocles of Thrace, whose execution helped provoke war.
Lyse Doucet
Lyse Marie Doucet, Canadian BBC Chief International Correspondent, Acadian New Brunswick native, four-decade career covering Afghanistan, the Middle East, Syria, and Ukraine; Women's Prize-winning author of The Finest Hotel in Kabul.
Lysenkoism
Lysenkoism (Лысенковщина) is the Soviet doctrine of Trofim Lysenko denying genes and asserting inheritance of acquired traits; state-enforced against Mendelian genetics from 1948 to 1965 via the VASKhNIL session, it ruined Soviet biology.
Lysergic acid
Lysergic acid is an ergoline alkaloid forming the shared core of ergot alkaloids of the fungus Claviceps purpurea, with 10,000 to 15,000 kg produced annually and serving as the precursor of LSD.
Lysette Anthony
Lysette Anthony (Lysette Anne Chodzko, born 1963) is an English actress and model, David Bailey's 'face of the Eighties', known for Krull, Husbands and Wives, Dark Shadows, and Dracula: Dead and Loving It.
Lysfanga: The Time Shift Warrior
Lysfanga: The Time Shift Warrior is a 2024 action game for Windows and Switch by France's Sand Door Studio, in which rewound time is replayed by clones called Remnants.
Lysholm knee score
The Lysholm knee score is an eight-item questionnaire rating symptoms and function after knee ligament injury, introduced by Jack Lysholm and Jan Gillquist in 1982.
Lysias
Lysias (Λυσίας, ca. 445-380 BC) was an Athenian metic and one of the leading Attic orators, best known for writing courtroom speeches for clients to deliver as their own.
Lysiloma
Lysiloma (false tamarind, tzalam, sabicu) is a genus of eight dry-forest legume trees native from Arizona and Florida to Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean, sister to Hesperalbizia.
Lysimachia
Lysimachia (loosestrife) is a genus of about 250-292 species of Primulaceae herbs, native from temperate to tropical-mountain regions, centered in China; former genera Anagallis, Glaux, and Trientalis are now merged into it.
Lysimachia arvensis
Lysimachia arvensis (scarlet pimpernel, formerly Anagallis arvensis) is a Mediterranean annual herb of Primulaceae with red or blue flowers, a widespread introduced weed, tetraploid and self-compatible, mildly toxic to livestock.
Lysimachia vulgaris
Lysimachia vulgaris, yellow or garden loosestrife, is a rhizomatous Primulaceae perennial native from Europe to Siberia and the W. Himalaya, invasive in North American wetlands and a Washington Class B noxious weed.
Lysimachus (son of Lysimachus)
Lysimachus was a Macedonian prince, son of Lysimachus, king of Thrace, and Arsinoe II, daughter of Ptolemy I. He was killed at sixteen by Ptolemy Ceraunus.
Lysimeter
A lysimeter is a device that isolates a column of soil, with or without vegetation, to measure percolation, leaching, and evapotranspiration; weighing types are the reference method for crop water use.
Lysine
Lysine (Lys or K) is an essential amino acid the body cannot make and must obtain from food; it is the limiting amino acid in cereal grains.
Lysine carboxypeptidase
Lysine carboxypeptidase (carboxypeptidase N, kininase I, EC 3.4.17.3) is a plasma zinc metallocarboxypeptidase of peptidase family M14 that removes C-terminal lysine or arginine, inactivating bradykinin and anaphylatoxins; distinct from carboxypeptidases B, H, and U.
Lysine catabolism
Lysine catabolism is the breakdown of the essential amino acid lysine, proceeding mainly via the mitochondrial saccharopine pathway and yielding exclusively ketogenic products rather than glucose.
Lysine chemoproteomics
Lysine chemoproteomics is a set of chemical proteomic methods that use lysine-reactive probes and quantitative mass spectrometry to identify reactive, ligandable lysine residues across entire proteomes.
Lysine methyltransferase
A lysine methyltransferase (KMT), also called a protein lysine methyltransferase (PKMT), is an enzyme that methylates lysine residues in proteins, regulating chromatin organization and gene expression, especially through histones.
Lysine-2,3-aminomutase/glutamate 2,3-aminomutase
Lysine-2,3-aminomutase/glutamate 2,3-aminomutase (InterPro IPR003739) is a radical SAM enzyme family, EC 5.4.3.2 for lysine 2,3-aminomutase, using SAM, PLP, and a [4Fe-4S] cluster to make β-lysine and β-glutamate osmolytes in methanogenic archaea.
Lysinuric protein intolerance
Lysinuric protein intolerance (LPI, hyperdibasic aminoaciduria, OMIM 222700) is an autosomal recessive SLC7A7 transporter defect causing lysine, arginine, and ornithine loss, urea cycle dysfunction, and lung, kidney, and immune complications.
Lysippos (Λύσιππος)
Lysippos (Λύσιππος) of Sicyon, fourth-century BC Greek bronze sculptor, exclusive portraitist of Alexander the Great, creator of a new slimmer canon of proportions and about 1,500 works including the Apoxyomenos and Weary Herakles.
Lysippus (Mercurian crater)
Lysippus is a 140-km-diameter impact crater on Mercury, centered at 0.80°, 132.50° (planetographic west), cataloged as Gazetteer Feature ID 3540 and named under IAU planetary nomenclature.
Lysis
Lysis is the breakdown of a cell by damage to its plasma membrane, caused by detergents, shear, sound, osmotic shock, enzymes, or lytic viruses; also called cell disruption, it releases DNA, RNA, and proteins for analysis.
Lysis buffer
Lysis buffer: buffered detergent solution (RIPA, NP-40, urea, RBC lysis) used to break open cells and solubilize proteins; composition, detergent strength, and inhibitors are matched to the target protein and downstream assay.
Lysistrata (Λυσιστράτη)
Lysistrata (Λυσιστράτη), Aristophanes' comedy first performed at the Lenaia in 411 BC, in which Greek women wage a sex strike and seize the Acropolis to force peace in the Peloponnesian War; the last of his three peace plays.
LysM domain
LysM (lysin motif, Pfam PF01476) domain: a ~40-50 residue carbohydrate-binding module with a βααβ fold that binds GlcNAc in peptidoglycan and chitin; found in bacteria and eukaryotes, absent from archaea; used in bacterial cell-surface display and plant/fungal immunity.
Lysmata amboinensis
Lysmata amboinensis (De Man, 1888), the Pacific or scarlet skunk cleaner shrimp, is an Indo-Pacific cleaner shrimp that removes fish ectoparasites, signals with leg rocking to predators, is a protandric simultaneous hermaphrodite living in pairs, and is a major marine ornamental trade species.
Lysobacter
Lysobacter, genus of Gram-negative gliding soil and freshwater bacteria (type species L. enzymogenes) named for lysing fungi, oomycetes, nematodes, and bacteria; source of lytic enzymes, antibiotics, and crop biocontrol agents.
Lysogenic cycle
Lysogenic cycle (lysogeny): dormant life cycle of temperate bacteriophages such as lambda, in which the phage genome integrates as a prophage, replicates with the host, and can later induce into the lytic cycle; drives lysogenic conversion and superinfection immunity.