All articles starting with M
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Macrinus
Macrinus (Marcus Opellius Macrinus, c. 164–166 – June 218) was a Roman emperor from April 217 to June 218, a Mauretanian lawyer and praetorian prefect implicated in Caracalla's murder who was overthrown by Elagabalus.
Macro (computer science)
A macro, used in macroing, is a compile-time rule that rewrites program text or syntax into new code; textual C preprocessor macros and syntactic Lisp, Scheme, and Rust macros are the main families.
Macro domain
Macro domain: a conserved 130–190 amino acid ADP-ribose-binding protein domain, also called the X domain, found in all kingdoms and viruses; some members hydrolyze ADP-ribose from proteins.
Macro photography
Macro photography is close-up photography at 1:1 or higher reproduction ratio on the sensor, also called photomacrography. Key features are millimeter-scale depth of field, effective aperture shifts, diffraction, focus stacking, macro lenses, and extension tubes.
Macro reentrant atrial tachycardia
Macro reentrant atrial tachycardia (MRAT), also called atypical or macroreentrant atrial flutter, is a reentrant atrial arrhythmia circling a large anatomical obstacle such as the tricuspid annulus, surgical scar, or ablation lines, confirmed by entrainment and treated mainly with catheter ablation.
Macro-fiber composite
A macro-fiber composite (MFC) is a flexible piezoelectric patch actuator and sensor developed at NASA's Langley Research Center in 1999, originally for helicopter blades and aircraft wings.
Macro-operation fusion
Macro-operation fusion, also known as macro-op fusion or macrofusion, is a technique where a processor merges adjacent instructions like a compare and branch into one micro-op.
Macroautophagy
Macroautophagy (autophagy) is the conserved lysosomal degradation pathway in which double-membrane autophagosomes, built by ATG proteins from the phagophore, sequester cytoplasm; distinct from microautophagy, chaperone-mediated autophagy, and noncanonical autophagy.
Macrobians
The Macrobians (Greek Makrobioi, Latin Macrobii) are a legendary people of long-lived Ethiopians whom Herodotos places at the farthest south of the known world, claiming lifespans of 120 years.
Macrobiotic diet
Macrobiotic diet: plant-based, high whole-grain, low-fat diet from George Ohsawa's philosophy, popularized by Michio Kushi. No scientific evidence supports its use against cancer; strict forms risk malnutrition.
Macrobius
Macrobius (Macrobius Ambrosius Theodosius) was a Latin author of provincial origin, probably North African, who wrote in the 5th century; his Saturnalia and Commentary on the Dream of Scipio survive.
Macrobrachium nipponense
Macrobrachium nipponense (oriental river prawn, East Asian river prawn), a palaemonid freshwater shrimp native to East and Southeast Asia, up to 86 mm, reproducing without brackish water, and cultured commercially only in China.
Macrobrachium rosenbergii
Macrobrachium rosenbergii, giant river prawn (udang galah, scampi), is the largest palaemonid freshwater prawn and the world's main farmed freshwater prawn, with 237,124 t produced in 2018, brackishwater larval rearing, and SM/OC/BC male morphotypes.
Macrocell
A macrocell is a high-power base station site in a cellular mobile network providing wide-area coverage, radii of 1 to 30 kilometers, contrasted with low-power small cells.
Macrocephalites
Macrocephalites Zittel, 1884 is an extinct worldwide ammonite genus (Macrocephalitidae) of the Middle Jurassic Bathonian-Callovian; its species, including M. macrocephalus and M. herveyi, index the Lower Callovian Herveyi Zone.
Macrocephalon
Macrocephalon, containing only the Maleo (Macrocephalon maleo, Müller 1846), is a Sulawesi-endemic megapode that buries single huge eggs in sun- or geothermally heated communal nesting grounds; Critically Endangered, 8,000-14,000 mature birds, declining mainly from egg-taking.
Macrocephaly
Macrocephaly, also called megalencephaly-related head enlargement, is an occipitofrontal head circumference over 2 SD above the age and sex mean, affecting up to 5% of children, with causes ranging from benign familial macrocephaly and BESS to over 200 genetic disorders and hydrocephalus.
Macrocephaly-intellectual disability-neurodevelopmental disorder-small thorax syndrome
Macrocephaly-intellectual disability-neurodevelopmental disorder-small thorax syndrome, also called MINDS or Smith-Kingsmore syndrome, is a rare autosomal dominant MTOR gain-of-function disorder with macrocephaly, intellectual disability, seizures, and small thorax.
Macrocheilia
Macrocheilia is enlargement of one or both lips, also called lip hypertrophy or thick lips. Causes include leishmaniasis, granulomatous cheilitis, Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome, sarcoidosis, Crohn's disease, and congenital forms (ICD-10 Q18.6, ICD-11 LA53).
Macrochelidae
Macrochelidae is a cosmopolitan family of over 470 predatory mesostigmatid mite species in 21 genera, typified by Macrocheles, living in dung and manure, dispersing by phoresy on dung beetles, and used against house flies.
Macroconidium
Macroconidium (plural macroconidia): the larger, generally diagnostic asexual spore of fungi that also form microconidia. Key in identifying Histoplasma (tuberculate, 7–15 μm), dermatophytes, and Fusarium.
Macrocytic anemia
Macrocytic anemia, or megaloblastic macrocytic anemia, is anemia with enlarged red blood cells (MCV >100 fL), caused by vitamin B12 or folate deficiency (megaloblastic) or by alcohol, liver disease, hypothyroidism, drugs, or myelodysplasia (nonmegaloblastic).
Macrodactyly of toes
Macrodactyly of toes, also called macrodactyly of the foot, is a rare congenital condition present from birth in which one or more toes are enlarged.
Macrodissection
Macrodissection is a pathology laboratory technique in which a pathologist manually removes a marked tumor region from unstained tissue sections, enriching extracted DNA or RNA for molecular testing.
Macroeconomics
Macroeconomics, also known as macroeconomic theory, is the branch of economics studying economy-wide aggregates such as GDP, employment, and inflation, covering long-run growth, short-run fluctuations, and stabilization policy.
Macroevolution
Macroevolution: evolution at and above the species level, covering speciation, extinction, and higher-taxa patterns over geological time. Term coined by Philiptschenko 1927; debated as scaled-up or decoupled from microevolution; rates show time-scaling.
Macroglial cell
Macroglial cell (macrogliocyte, CL:0000126): a neuroglial cell of ectodermal origin, the astrocytes and oligodendrocytes of the CNS considered together, distinct from mesoderm-derived microglia; myelinating, homeostatic, regionally diverse glia.
Macrogol
Macrogol, sold as MiraLax, Movicol, and Laxido, is the pharmacopoeial name for polyethylene glycol (PEG), a water-soluble polymer used as an osmotic laxative, bowel preparation, and pharmaceutical excipient.
Macrolactonization
Macrolactonization is a macrocyclization reaction that forms a large-ring lactone, usually by intramolecular esterification of a hydroxy acid, and closes the ring in syntheses of macrolide antibiotics like erythromycin.
Macrolepiota procera
Macrolepiota procera, the parasol mushroom, is a large edible Agaricaceae fungus with a 10–25 cm scaly cap, movable double ring, snakeskin stipe, and white spore print; its main toxic look-alike is Chlorophyllum molybdites.