All articles starting with M
36,687 articles
Measurement systems analysis
Measurement systems analysis (MSA) is the statistical study of a measurement process that identifies and quantifies its sources of variability; its best-known tool is the Gauge R&R study.
Measurement uncertainty
Measurement uncertainty is the parameter, usually a standard deviation or stated interval, characterizing the dispersion of values attributed to a measurand, the quantity intended to be measured.
Measurement while drilling
Measurement while drilling (MWD) is a drilling technique that transmits downhole measurements, principally wellbore inclination and azimuth, to the surface in real time, typically by mud-pulse telemetry.
Measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution
Measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI-QKD) is a quantum key distribution protocol proposed in 2012 by Lo, Curty, and Qi, in which Alice and Bob send states to an untrusted relay.
Measurement-induced phase transition
A measurement-induced phase transition (MIPT) is a nonequilibrium phase transition in monitored quantum many-body systems, identified in random quantum circuits starting in 2018 and 2019.
Measurement-only quantum error correction
Measurement-only quantum error correction protects quantum information by recording measured errors in a classical Pauli frame instead of applying physical corrections, an approach traced to Emanuel Knill's 2005 work.
Measures of national income and output
Measures of national income and output, chiefly GDP, are national accounting statistics quantifying an economy's production, income, and expenditure under the System of National Accounts.
Measures on Cybersecurity Review
The Measures on Cybersecurity Review (网络安全审查办法), also translated Cybersecurity Review Measures, are Chinese regulatory rules under which the state reviews network products, services, and data-processing activities for national security risks.
Measuring AI Ability to Complete Long Tasks
Measuring AI Ability to Complete Long Tasks is a March 2025 METR benchmark measuring how long a task AI agents can complete, with horizons doubling every seven months since 2019.
Measuring cup
A measuring cup, or measuring jug, is a kitchen utensil with graduated markings for measuring ingredients by volume, holding 8 fluid ounces in the United States.
Measuring democratic backsliding
Measuring democratic backsliding combines expert-coded indices such as V-Dem and Freedom House with observable indicators and formal rules for deciding when a country has entered autocratization or suffered democratic breakdown.
Measuring the World
Measuring the World (Die Vermessung der Welt) is a 2005 satirical novel by Daniel Kehlmann reimagining the lives of Alexander von Humboldt and Carl Friedrich Gauss, translated into more than 40 languages.
Measuring voter turnout: definitions and international comparability
Measuring voter turnout means choosing both what counts as a vote and who counts as a potential voter, and countries define both differently, so published figures often cannot be compared directly.
Meat
Meat, the flesh and organs of animals eaten as food, includes red meat, white meat, and game. Roughly 75% water and 20% protein; 365 Mt produced in 2024; processed meat is IARC Group 1.
Meat Beat Manifesto
Meat Beat Manifesto is an English electronic music project formed in Swindon in 1987 by Jack Dangers, known for sample-heavy breakbeats that helped shape big beat and jungle.
Meat dress of Lady Gaga
The meat dress of Lady Gaga: a raw flank-steak outfit by Franc Fernandez and Nicola Formichetti worn at the 2010 MTV VMAs to protest "Don't Ask, Don't Tell", later taxidermied and displayed in Las Vegas.
Meat grinder
A meat grinder, also called a meat mincer, is a kitchen machine that forces meat through a perforated plate with a rotating screw and cutting knife, credited to Karl Drais in the 1820s.
Meat Is Murder
Meat Is Murder, The Smiths' second studio album (Rough Trade, 11 February 1985), reached number one on the UK Albums Chart for 13 weeks; nine Morrissey-Marr tracks produced by the band, engineered by Stephen Street, with a vegetarianist title track and US edition adding "How Soon Is Now?".
Meat Loaf
Meat Loaf (Marvin, later Michael Lee Aday, 1947–2022) was an American rock singer and actor; his Jim Steinman-written Bat Out of Hell (1977) sold about 43 million copies, and he played Eddie in The Rocky Horror Picture Show.
Meat pie
Meat pie is food made with meat, vegetables, or fruit covered in pastry. It is a national dish in Australia and a traditional item in Greece and Quebec.
Meat Products
Meat products are manufactured foods made from animal carcass portions, such as sausage, ham, and head cheese. Defined by MeSH, regulated by USDA/FDA, preserved by curing, smoking, drying, and fermentation; processed meat is an IARC Group 1 carcinogen.
Meat Puppets
Meat Puppets, American rock band formed January 1980 in Phoenix, Arizona by Curt and Cris Kirkwood and Derrick Bostrom; cowpunk pioneers of SST Records whose Meat Puppets II (1984) fused punk, country, and psychedelia, and whose songs reached mass audiences via Nirvana's MTV Unplugged.
Meat science
Meat science: interdisciplinary study of meat production, quality, safety, and processing, from live animal to consumer. Key traits: color, tenderness, flavor; flagship journal Meat Science (Elsevier, 1976/77).
Meat-shaped Stone
The Meat-shaped Stone (肉形石) is a Qing dynasty carved curio in Taipei's National Palace Museum, a layered jasper dyed to resemble braised Dongpo pork belly.
Meatball
Meatball: small ball of ground meat with binders and seasonings, known worldwide as polpette, köttbullar, köfte, and bakso; USDA requires cooking to 160 degrees F for safety.
Meatballs (film)
Meatballs is a 1979 Canadian summer camp comedy directed by Ivan Reitman, starring Bill Murray in his first lead film role as head counselor Tripper Harrison.
Meatloaf
Meatloaf (also meat loaf) is a baked dish of ground meat bound with breadcrumbs, egg, and seasonings, molded in a loaf shape. American staple peaked in the 1950s; first US recipe late 1870s; USDA safe temperature 160 °F.
Meatpacking District, Manhattan
Manhattan neighborhood at the northern West Village and southern Chelsea, once home to over 200 slaughterhouses, now a retail and nightlife district with the Whitney Museum, High Line, Meatpacking BID (2015), and planned Gansevoort Square redevelopment.
Meaux
Meaux (INSEE 77284) is a Seine-et-Marne commune in Île-de-France, seat of its arrondissement, with 56,905 inhabitants in 2023, a Marne-river cathedral city, the Musée de la Grande Guerre, and the LREF road link to Roissy under construction.
Meave Leakey
Meave Leakey, born Meave Epps in 1942, is a British-born Kenyan paleoanthropologist known for describing Australopithecus anamensis and Kenyanthropus platyops, and for leading the Koobi Fora Research Project.