All articles starting with M
36,687 articles
Meteosat Third Generation
Meteosat Third Generation (MTG) is a European system of geostationary weather satellites developed by ESA and operated by EUMETSAT to image weather over Europe and Africa.
Meteotsunami
A meteotsunami is a tsunami-like series of ocean waves generated by fast-moving atmospheric pressure disturbances rather than earthquakes or landslides, known regionally as the rissaga in the Balearic Islands.
Meter Plastena, T.
Meter Plastena, T. (Pleiades 550736) names a large rock-cut Hittite relief of a seated figure in a niche on Mount Sipylus at Akpınar near Manisa, Turkey, later identified with Kybele, with Luwian inscriptions of Ku(wa)lanamuwa.
Metered Dose Inhalers
Metered dose inhaler (MDI, pMDI), invented 1956 by Riker Laboratories (Porush, Maison, Thiel), a pressurized canister-and-valve inhaler delivering metered propellant aerosol doses for asthma and COPD.
Metering pump
A metering pump is a positive displacement pump that injects an exact, controlled volume of liquid into a process, keeping flow accurate and repeatable even as discharge pressure changes.
Metersbonwe
Metersbonwe (美特斯邦威) is a Chinese casual-wear brand founded by Zhou Chengjian in Shanghai in 1995, which peaked above RMB 9.9 billion of revenue in 2011 before a steep decline.
Metes and bounds
Metes and bounds is the oldest US land description method, from English common law: a perimeter walk of bearings, distances, and monuments from a point of beginning, still used in 20 eastern and originally settled states.
Metformin
Metformin (1,1-dimethylbiguanide), a biguanide oral drug first U.S.-approved in 1995, is the most prescribed treatment for type 2 diabetes; it weakly inhibits mitochondrial complex I, activates AMPK, inhibits hepatic gluconeogenesis, and carries a lactic acidosis boxed warning.
Metformin glycinate
Metformin glycinate is a glycine salt form of metformin, an oral biguanide for type 2 diabetes. A 12-month trial found HbA1c efficacy equal to metformin hydrochloride with fewer adverse events and faster AMPK phosphorylation in hepatocytes.
Metglas
Metglas is a trade name for iron-based amorphous metal alloys, first developed by Allied Signal in the 1970s and sold chiefly as low-loss transformer core material.
Meth mouth
Meth mouth, also called crank decay, is severe tooth decay, gum disease, and tooth wear in chronic methamphetamine users, driven mainly by dry mouth, sugary drinks, and poor oral hygiene rather than direct chemical effects.
Methabenzthiazuron
Methabenzthiazuron (BAY 74283, Tribunil) is a benzothiazole urea herbicide, PS II inhibitor, CAS 18691-97-9, registered in Germany in 1968 and banned from EU plant protection use by Commission Decision 2006/302/EC.
Methacholine
Methacholine is a cholinergic agonist that stimulates muscarinic receptors and induces bronchoconstriction, used as the provoking agent in the methacholine challenge test for diagnosing asthma.
Methacrifos
Methacrifos (CGA-20168, Damfin) is an organophosphorus insecticide-acaricide, CAS 62610-77-9, used as a stored-grain protectant at about 10 mg/kg grain; JMPR ADI 0-0.006 mg/kg bw; not EU-approved.
Methacrylic acid
Methacrylic acid is a clear, colorless carboxylic acid with a pungent odor and the formula CH₂=C(CH₃)COOH, produced industrially as a monomer for plastics, resins, and adhesives.
Methacrylonitrile
Methacrylonitrile (2-methylpropenenitrile) is a colorless, flammable liquid acrylic monomer with a bitter almond odor, the methyl-substituted analog of acrylonitrile, polymerized to make plastics, coatings, and elastomers.
Methacycline
Methacycline (metacycline, Rondomycin, methyleneoxytetracycline) is a broad-spectrum semisynthetic tetracycline antibiotic made by Pfizer from oxytetracycline; ATC J01AA05, oral, 60-70% absorbed, discontinued.
Methadone
Methadone, sold as Dolophine, is a long-acting synthetic opioid used for maintenance treatment of opioid addiction and for pain relief, on the WHO List of Essential Medicines.
Methadone maintenance therapy
Methadone maintenance therapy (MMT) treats opioid dependence with a daily dose of methadone, a long-acting opioid agonist, preventing withdrawal and cravings while reducing illicit opioid use and death.
Methali
Methali is the Swahili term for a proverb, a short artistic saying whose figurative wording carries a meaning broader than the words themselves; it is a core part of Swahili oral literature.
Methamidophos
Methamidophos (O,S-dimethyl phosphoramidothioate, Tamaron, Monitor) is a highly hazardous organophosphate insecticide and acephate metabolite that inhibits acetylcholinesterase; banned or restricted in several countries and listed under the Rotterdam Convention PIC procedure.
Methamphetamine
Methamphetamine, also known as metamfetamine or crystal meth, is a highly addictive amphetamine-class stimulant first synthesized in 1893, prescribed as Desoxyn but illicitly used and linked to psychosis and overdose.
Methanation
Methanation is the catalytic hydrogenation of carbon oxides (CO and CO₂) to methane and water, used to purify synthesis gas and make substitute natural gas.
Methanation (hydrogen purification)
Methanation is a catalytic hydrogen purification process converting residual carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide into methane and water, used in ammonia plants and for fuel cell hydrogen.
Methane
Methane (CH₄), also known as marsh gas, is a colorless, flammable gas and the simplest hydrocarbon, making up most natural gas and driving about 30% of global warming.
Methane aromatization
Methane aromatization, also called methane dehydroaromatization (MDA), is a non-oxidative catalytic reaction that converts methane directly into benzene and hydrogen, pursued to monetize natural gas.
Methane C–H borylation
Methane C–H borylation is a catalytic reaction replacing one hydrogen atom of methane with a boryl group, typically giving CH₃Bpin from a diboron or hydroboron reagent, first catalyzed by iridium in 2016.
Methane capture
Methane capture is the interception of methane before it reaches the atmosphere, from landfills, anaerobic digesters, coal mines, or leaking fossil fuel infrastructure, followed by flaring or use as fuel.
Methane clathrate
Methane clathrate, also called methane hydrate or burning ice, is an ice-like crystalline solid trapping methane in water cages, found in marine sediments and permafrost, where it stores vast amounts of methane.
Methane dehydroaromatization
Methane dehydroaromatization (MDA) is a non-oxidative catalytic reaction that converts methane directly into benzene and hydrogen, first reported in 1993 over a molybdenum-modified zeolite catalyst and still not commercially implemented.