All articles starting with M
36,687 articles
Microchannel heat sink
A microchannel heat sink (MCHS) is a liquid cooling device for high-power electronics, with many small channels, typically under 1000 µm across, machined or etched into a chip or block.
Microchannel plate detector
A microchannel plate detector is a vacuum electron multiplier: a thin glass plate of millions of microscopic channels that detects and images photons, electrons, and ions.
Microcheilia
Microcheilia (ICD-11 LA54, ICD-10-CM Q18.7), also called congenital microcheilia or thin lips, is a congenital facial anomaly of below-normal lip size from failed antenatal lip development, distinct from macrocheilia.
Microchimerism
Microchimerism: rare foreign cells, usually fetal cells in the mother or maternal cells in the child, acquired during pregnancy, nursing, transfusion, or transplant, persisting for decades and studied in autoimmunity, cancer, and tissue repair.
Microchip (comics)
Microchip (David Linus Lieberman) is a Marvel Comics hacker and weapons expert, ally of the Punisher; created by Mike Baron and Klaus Janson, debuting in The Punisher (Vol. 2) #4 in 1987, killed in the 1990s Punisher series and later in Punisher: In the Blood (2011).
Microchip electrophoresis
Microchip electrophoresis is an analytical technique separating charged molecules in micromachined chip channels under an electric field, running in seconds on nanoliter samples, first demonstrated in 1992.
Microchip implant (animal)
Microchip implant (animal): passive RFID transponder, ISO 11784/11785, injected under skin or in ear tags and boluses, giving pets and livestock a permanent unique ID for traceability and travel.
Microchip implant (human)
Human microchip implant: subdermal RFID/NFC transponder for identification, access control, payment, and medical data. First implanted in Kevin Warwick on 24 August 1998; VeriChip FDA-approved 2004; passive, battery-free, rice-sized glass tag.
Microchip Technology
Microchip Technology is an American semiconductor company headquartered in Chandler, Arizona, founded in 1989, known for its PIC and AVR microcontrollers and its $10.15 billion acquisition of Microsemi in 2018.
Microclimate
A microclimate is the climate of a small, specific area like a forest canopy or city street, whose temperature, humidity, and wind differ measurably from the surrounding region.
Microcline
Microcline is a triclinic potassium feldspar (KAlSi₃O₈), one of the most abundant rock-forming minerals of the continental crust, best known for its cross-hatched tartan twinning and its bluish-green gem variety amazonite.
Micrococcaceae
Micrococcaceae: bacterial family in Micrococcales, Actinomycetota, type genus Micrococcus; once included Staphylococcus, now a redefined high G+C family with Kocuria, Arthrobacter, Rothia.
Micrococcus
Micrococcus, a genus of high G+C Gram-positive cocci (Cohn 1872) in Micrococcaceae, found in soil, fresh water, and skin; split in 1995 so only M. luteus and M. lylae remain.
Micrococcus luteus
Micrococcus luteus, formerly Micrococcus lysodeikticus, is a yellow-pigmented, spherical, Gram-positive bacterium that lives on human skin and in soil; Alexander Fleming used it in 1922 to demonstrate lysozyme.
Microcode
Microcode, also called microprogramming, is a layer of low-level instructions in a processor's control store that implements machine instructions, coined by Maurice Wilkes in the early 1950s.
Microcomb-based optical atomic clock on a chip
A microcomb-based optical atomic clock uses a chip-scale frequency comb to link an atom's optical oscillations to a countable microwave signal, making compact, portable optical timekeeping possible.
Microcomputer
A microcomputer is a complete small computer built around a single-chip microprocessor and used by one person, a 1970s term now largely replaced by "personal computer."
Microconidium
Microconidium (plural microconidia): the smaller of two conidial spore types produced by fungi that also form macroconidia, often functioning as spermatia. Known from Fusarium, Neurospora, Histoplasma, and Magnaporthe; size, shape, and arrangement aid species identification.
Microcontact printing
Microcontact printing (μCP) is a soft lithography technique introduced by Amit Kumar and George M. Whitesides in 1993, using an elastomeric stamp to print molecular inks onto surfaces.
Microcontroller (μC)
A microcontroller (μC or MCU) is a single-chip integrated circuit combining a processor core, memory, and peripherals to run a dedicated function in an embedded system.
Microcotyle
Microcotyle (van Beneden & Hesse, 1863) is a species-rich genus of microcotylid monogenean flatworms, gill parasites of marine teleost fish, with two rows of clamps and notoriously difficult, partly cryptic taxonomy.
Microcredit
Microcredit, also known as microlending or the microloan, is the lending of small, typically collateral-free loans to low-income, often self-employed people excluded from conventional banking.
Microcrystal electron diffraction
Microcrystal electron diffraction (MicroED) is a cryogenic electron diffraction method, introduced in 2013, that solves atomic-resolution crystal structures from crystals far too small for conventional X-ray diffraction.
Microcrystalline cellulose
Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), also sold as cellulose gel and labeled E460(i), is a partially depolymerized cellulose widely used as a tablet excipient and food additive.
Microcrystalline silicon
Microcrystalline silicon (hydrogenated microcrystalline silicon, μc-Si:H) is a mixed-phase thin-film semiconductor of tiny silicon crystallites in amorphous silicon, used mainly as the absorber in thin-film solar cells.
Microcrystalline wax
Microcrystalline wax (E 905), also known as petroleum wax, is a petroleum-derived wax with a dense, fine-crystal structure that makes it more flexible, adhesive, and crack-resistant than paraffin wax.
Microcycas
Microcycas, palma corcho, is a monotypic Cuban cycad genus whose single species Microcycas calocoma, endemic to Pinar del Río, is Critically Endangered, has the largest known cycad ovulate cone, and is closest to Zamia.
Microcystic stromal tumor
Microcystic stromal tumor (MST), a rare usually benign ovarian stromal tumor first described by Irving and Young in 2009, defined by microcysts, solid areas, fibrous stroma, CTNNB1 mutations, and CD10/β-catenin positivity.
Microcystin
Microcystins are a family of more than 250 cyclic heptapeptide liver toxins produced by cyanobacteria during blooms, named after Microcystis aeruginosa and first characterized in the early 1980s.
Microcystis
Microcystis is a genus of buoyant, colony-forming freshwater cyanobacteria whose summer blooms dominate eutrophic lakes and can produce microcystins, liver toxins of global water-quality concern.