All articles starting with M
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Mitiglinide
Mitiglinide (Glufast, GLUBES with voglibose) is a rapid-acting glinide insulin secretagogue for type 2 diabetes, developed by Kissei, marketed in Japan since 2004, acting via SUR1/KATP channel closure.
Mitinori Saitou
Mitinori Saitou (斎藤 通紀) is a Japanese developmental biologist and physician at Kyoto University known for reconstituting the origin of eggs and sperm from stem cells in culture.
Mitinti (king of Ashdod)
Mitinti, also spelled Mittinti, was king of Ashdod, a Philistine city-state in the southern Levant, named in Sennacherib's annals of the 701 BC campaign, after which Ashdod kept its king and gained Judahite territory.
Mitinti (king of Ashkelon)
Mitinti, also Mitinti I, was king of Ashkelon, a Philistine city-state, who rebelled against and then paid tribute to Tiglath-pileser III of Assyria in the 730s BC.
Mitinti II
Mitinti II was a king of Ashkelon in the first half of the 7th century BC, a loyal vassal of Esarhaddon known from Assyrian inscriptions.
Mitirapa
Mitirapa, formerly Mititapa, is a coastal locality and surfing park in To'ahotu, Taiarapu-Ouest, Tahiti, French Polynesia, with the 13-hectare lac de Mitirapa estuary, a beach, and a planned Google Bulikula cable landing point.
Mitja Zastrow
Mitja Zastrow (Mitja Kolia Zastrow), German-born Dutch freestyle swimmer born 1977 in Mettmann; PSV Eindhoven; Olympic silver 2004 4x100 m freestyle relay (3:14.36 NR), two-time Olympian, later NRW Para swimming coach.
Mitla
Mitla (Zapotec Lyobáa, from Nahuatl Mictlán, 'place of the dead') is a Zapotec archaeological site in Oaxaca, Mexico, famed for mortarless geometric stone mosaics, monolithic-column palaces, and tombs; it flourished after Monte Albán's fall, peaking around 1200 CE.
Mitmaq resettlement policy
The mitmaq resettlement policy (mitimaes) was the Inca practice of permanently relocating whole communities between provinces for political and administrative control, credited to the emperor Pachakuti around 1438.
Mito
Mito (水戸) is the capital of Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan, about 100 km northeast of Tokyo; a former Tokugawa Gosanke castle town, home to Kairakuen garden, the Mito School, and the Dai Nihon-shi.
MITO 26 trial
MITO 26 (NCT02993705) is a phase II Italian trial of trabectedin in advanced ovarian or uterine carcinosarcoma; 45 patients, ORR 11.9% below the 18.6% threshold, median PFS 2.01 months.
Mito Domain
Mito Domain (水戸藩) was a Tokugawa collateral domain based at Mito castle in Hitachi Province, one of the three Gosanke, best known for the ideology "revere the emperor, expel the barbarian," and abolished in 1871.
MITO25 trial
MITO25 (NCT03462212, MITO 25.1) is an Italian open-label phase 1-2 randomized trial testing rucaparib with or without bevacizumab as first-line maintenance in advanced high-grade ovarian cancer, assigned by HRD status, with PFS as the primary endpoint.
MITO29 trial
MITO29 (NCT03467178, EudraCT 2017-004099-71) is a randomized phase II trial of decitabine plus carboplatin versus physician's choice chemotherapy in recurrent, platinum-resistant ovarian cancer, sponsored by Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, with 119 planned participants and progression-free survival as the primary endpoint.
Mitochondria
Mitochondria are double-membrane eukaryotic organelles that generate ATP via cristae-folded inner membranes, carry their own ~16 kb genome, descend from alphaproteobacteria by endosymbiosis, and remodel through fission, fusion, and mitophagy.
Mitochondria associated membranes
Mitochondria associated membranes (MAMs, MERCs), ER–mitochondria contact sites 10–50 nm apart tethered by IP3R–GRP75–VDAC1 and mitofusins, mediating calcium transfer, lipid exchange, autophagy, and disease-linked signaling.
Mitochondria fission 1 protein
Mitochondrial fission 1 protein (FIS1, Fis1p) is a tail-anchored outer mitochondrial membrane protein with TPR domains, discovered in yeast as a Dnm1 recruiter and in mammals one of four Drp1 adaptors, with roles in fission, mitophagy, and apoptosis.
Mitochondria fission protein Fis1, cytosolic domain
Fis1 cytosolic domain: the ~15 kDa soluble TPR-like six-helix bundle of mitochondrial fission protein 1 (FIS1), a tail-anchored outer membrane protein; binds adaptors Mdv1/Caf4 in yeast, Drp1 recruitment contested in mammals, Cys41 redox dimerization.
Mitochondria-associated ER membrane
Mitochondria-associated ER membrane (MAM, MERC): ER–mitochondria contact site where membranes are tethered 10–50 nm apart without fusing, mediating calcium transfer via VDAC1–GRP75–IP3R, phospholipid synthesis, fission, and neurodegenerative disease links.
Mitochondrial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases
Mitochondrial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (mt-aaRSs) are nucleus-encoded enzymes imported into mitochondria, where they attach the correct amino acid to each mitochondrial tRNA; all 19 human genes are linked to disease.
Mitochondrial antioxidant systems
Mitochondrial antioxidant systems are the enzymes and cofactors inside mitochondria that convert superoxide, produced mainly at respiratory complexes I and III, into water before it damages DNA, proteins, and lipids.
Mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channel
The mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channel (mitoKATP), first identified in 1991, is an inner mitochondrial membrane channel controlling potassium influx according to ATP availability and linked to cardioprotection.
Mitochondrial ATPase inhibitor
Mitochondrial ATPase inhibitor, formally ATP synthase inhibitory factor 1 (ATPIF1), is a protein that blocks ATP synthase from consuming ATP when oxygen is scarce, identified in 1963.
Mitochondrial biogenesis
Mitochondrial biogenesis is the process by which cells increase their mitochondrial content, building new mitochondria through coordinated expression of two genomes and driven by demands such as exercise.
Mitochondrial biogenesis regulation protein 1
Mitochondrial biogenesis regulation protein 1 (Mbr1p, MBR1, YKL093W) is a Saccharomyces cerevisiae mitochondrial protein involved in aerobic respiration and stress response; overexpression suppresses hap2/hap3/hap4 mutant growth defects, with paralog ISF1.
Mitochondrial calcium uniporter
Mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU, mtCU): Ca2+-selective ion channel of the inner mitochondrial membrane; DXXE selectivity filter, MICU1/2 gatekeeping, EMRE core subunit; inhibited by Ru360 and Ru265.
Mitochondrial carrier
Mitochondrial carriers, the SLC25A family, are transport proteins that move metabolites across the inner mitochondrial membrane; with 53 human members, it is the largest human solute transporter family.
Mitochondrial citrate transport protein
Mitochondrial citrate transport protein, SLC25A1/CIC/CTP, the only known human mitochondrial citrate exporter, exchanging matrix citrate for cytosolic malate; gene at 22q11.2, linked to 2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria, cancer, and NASH.
Mitochondrial disease
Mitochondrial disease: genetic disorders of mitochondrial energy production caused by mtDNA or nDNA variants, affecting about 1 in 4,300 to 1 in 5,000 people; first FDA-approved therapies, elamipretide and doxecitine-doxribtimine, arrived in 2025.
Mitochondrial division protein 1
Mitochondrial division protein 1 (Mdv1, MDV1, UniProt P47025) is a 714-aa budding yeast fission adaptor bridging Fis1 and Dnm1; its paralog Caf4 is partially redundant but not equivalent, and no mammalian ortholog exists.