All articles starting with N
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Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council
NSERC (Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada) is Canada's federal granting agency for natural sciences and engineering research, created May 1, 1978 by Bill C-26, part of the Tri-Agency with SSHRC and CIHR, flagship Discovery Grants program.
Natural selection
Natural selection: differential reproductive success of individuals with heritable trait differences, the only directed mechanism of evolution producing adaptation. Co-published by Darwin and Wallace in 1858; contrasted with drift, mutation, and gene flow.
Natural semantic metalanguage
Natural semantic metalanguage (NSM) is a linguistic framework developed by Anna Wierzbicka and Cliff Goddard that defines word meanings by reductive paraphrase into 65 semantic primes, universal meanings confirmed in more than 30 languages.
Natural Six
Natural Six is a UK-based Dungeons & Dragons actual play video series on YouTube, started April 2024 by Harry McEntire, Ben Starr, Hollie Bennett, Alex Jordan, Doug Cockle, and Aoife Wilson, set in the world of Reliquiae.
Natural Surf Lodge
Natural Surf Lodge is a family-run surf camp and eco-lodge in the Landes department of southwest France, founded by Claire and Stéphane Becret, operating since 2003.
Natural Surf School
Natural Surf School, a family surf school by Stéphane and Claire Bécret on Casernes beach, Seignosse, Landes, France, since 2005; lessons, 3-5 day courses, coaching, 150-board rental. Distinct from the unrelated East Wittering, England namesake.
Natural System of Wrangel Island Reserve
Natural System of Wrangel Island Reserve (заповедник «Остров Врангеля»), a Russian Arctic UNESCO World Heritage site inscribed 2004: Wrangel and Herald islands, unglaciated, 417 vascular plants, 100,000 walrus, polar bear dens, 1976 zapovednik.
Natural T-regulatory cell
Natural T-regulatory cell (nTreg, now tTreg): a thymus-derived CD4+ FoxP3+ CD25+ CTLA-4+ regulatory T cell mediating self-tolerance; distinguished from peripherally induced iTreg cells; 2025 Nobel-recognized.
Natural theology
Natural theology, also called rational theology, is the project of supporting religious beliefs by reason and sense-perception alone, without appeal to revelation or sacred texts.
Natural track luge technique and equipment
Natural track luge technique and equipment cover the minimal two-runner sleds, weight limits up to 20 kg, and body-based steering used on naturally iced mountain tracks.
Natural track luge tracks
Natural track luge tracks are luge courses that follow a mountainside's natural terrain and are iced without artificial refrigeration, with classic venues in the Austrian and Italian Alps.
Natural track luge World Cup
The Natural track luge World Cup is the International Luge Federation's season-long race series on iced natural tracks, awarding overall titles in singles, doubles, and team events.
Natural transformation
A natural transformation, also called a morphism of functors, assigns to each object a morphism between two parallel functors' values, compatible with every morphism of the source category.
Natural units
Natural units, or the natural unit system, are measurement systems based on fundamental physical constants rather than units like the meter, used heavily in particle and atomic physics.
Natural uranium
Natural uranium (NU, Unat) is uranium whose isotopic composition is unaltered from nature, with 0.711 percent fissile uranium-235, usable as reactor fuel in heavy water reactors like the CANDU.
Natural Ventures
Natural Ventures is an impact venture capital firm founded in 2021, based in Abu Dhabi and The Hague, investing in food and water security technology.
Natural-born-citizen clause
The natural-born-citizen clause, Article II Section 1 clause 5, limits the US presidency to citizens at birth, including those born abroad to citizen parents; undefined by the Constitution, interpreted through English common law and Wong Kim Ark, and never directly tested by the Supreme Court in an eligibility case.
Natural-gas condensate
Natural-gas condensate, also known as gas condensate or drip gas, is a light liquid hydrocarbon mixture that separates from natural gas underground or at the surface.
Naturalism (literature)
Naturalism, or literary naturalism, is a late 19th- and early 20th-century literary movement founded by Émile Zola in France, portraying characters determined by heredity, environment, and social circumstance.
Naturalism (philosophy)
Naturalism in philosophy: the family of views that reality is exhausted by nature and philosophy should work in continuity with empirical science, including ontological, methodological, strict, liberal, and Quinean variants.
Naturalism (theatre)
Naturalism (theatre), or Le théâtre naturaliste, a late 19th-century movement theorized by Émile Zola and staged by Antoine's Théâtre Libre (1887), Brahm's Freie Bühne (1889), and Stanislavski's Moscow Art Theatre (1898), portraying characters as products of heredity and environment.
Naturalism in Brazil
Naturalism in Brazil, or naturalismo brasileiro, was a late 19th-century literary movement adapting Émile Zola's naturalism to Brazilian subjects, begun in 1881 with Aluísio Azevedo's O mulato.
Naturalistic driving study
A naturalistic driving study is a traffic safety research method that continuously records ordinary drivers in their own vehicles so crashes and near-crashes can be studied.
Naturalistic fallacy
The naturalistic fallacy, coined by G. E. Moore in Principia Ethica (1903), is the error of identifying 'good' with another property; it is often conflated with Hume's is/ought problem and the appeal to nature.
Naturalistic observation
Naturalistic observation is a research method that watches and records behavior in its real-world setting without manipulating any variable, yielding descriptions rather than causal conclusions.
Naturalization
Naturalization: the legal procedure by which a non-national applies to a State for nationality or citizenship, distinct from jus soli and jus sanguinis birthright. Covers requirements, refugee treaties, US and UK rules, and recent OECD and EU grant statistics.
Naturalization Act of 1790
The Naturalization Act of 1790 (1 Stat. 103) was the first U.S. federal naturalization law, limiting citizenship to free white persons with two years' residence; repealed by the 1795 act.
Naturalization of Adolf Hitler
Naturalization of Adolf Hitler: the stateless Austrian-born Nazi leader became a German citizen on 25–26 February 1932 via appointment as a Brunswick Regierungsrat in Berlin, enabling his March 1932 presidential candidacy.
Naturalized epistemology
Naturalized epistemology is a program introduced by W. V. Quine in his 1969 essay 'Epistemology Naturalized', treating epistemology as continuous with natural science rather than a priori inquiry into justification.
Naturally aspirated engine
A naturally aspirated engine, often called an NA engine, is an internal combustion engine that draws intake air at atmospheric pressure with no turbocharger or supercharger.