All articles starting with N
16,460 articles
Nuclear segregation protein Bfr1
Nuclear segregation protein Bfr1 (Bfr1p, BFR1/YOR198C) is a 55 kDa RNA-binding protein of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, found as a brefeldin A resistance suppressor, that binds polyribosome mRNPs with Scp160p and regulates ER-local translation.
Nuclear sharing
Nuclear sharing: NATO arrangements under which US B61 bombs stay in Europe under US custody while allies Belgium, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Turkey and the UK host them and fly dual-capable aircraft, sharing nuclear decision-making through the Nuclear Planning Group.
Nuclear shell model
The nuclear shell model describes how protons and neutrons occupy shells in the atomic nucleus, explaining the magic numbers 2 through 126 and nuclear stability.
Nuclear space
A nuclear space, introduced by Grothendieck in 1955, is a locally convex space in which every continuous linear map into a Banach space is a nuclear operator.
Nuclear spin
Nuclear spin is the quantum number I measuring an atomic nucleus's total angular momentum; even-even nuclei have spin 0, and nonzero spin enables magnetic resonance.
Nuclear spin and parity
Nuclear spin and parity are quantum properties of an atomic nucleus. Odd mass number gives half-integer spin, even mass number gives integer spin, and every measured even-even nucleus has ground state 0+.
Nuclear spin qubit
A nuclear spin qubit stores quantum information in an atomic nucleus's spin; its weak magnetic coupling gives far longer coherence times than electron-spin qubits, though control and readout are harder.
Nuclear stress test
A nuclear stress test is a cardiac imaging procedure that combines exercise or drug-induced stress with a radioactive tracer to diagnose and risk-stratify coronary artery disease.
Nuclear strikes on hurricanes
Nuclear strikes on hurricanes, also called nuking a hurricane, is a recurring proposal to destroy hurricanes with bombs, rejected by scientists as ineffective and a radioactive fallout hazard.
Nuclear submarine
A nuclear submarine is a submarine powered by a nuclear reactor rather than diesel engines, freeing it from snorkeling for air; USS Nautilus made the first nuclear voyage in 1955.
Nuclear Suppliers Group
The Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG) is a voluntary group of 48 governments that controls nuclear exports to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons, formed in 1975 after India's first nuclear test.
Nuclear technology
Nuclear technology is the body of techniques using nuclear reactions, chiefly fission, fusion, and radioactivity, for electricity generation, medicine, industry, agriculture, and research, coordinated internationally by the IAEA.
Nuclear Terrorism Convention
The Nuclear Terrorism Convention (ICSANT), adopted 13 April 2005 by UN General Assembly resolution A/RES/59/290, entered into force 7 July 2007; it criminalizes nuclear terrorism by non-state actors and has 115 signatories and 127 parties.
Nuclear testing at Bikini Atoll
Nuclear testing at Bikini Atoll was the series of 23 US nuclear weapon tests conducted in the Marshall Islands between 1946 and 1958, including the Castle Bravo detonation.
Nuclear thermal rocket
A nuclear thermal rocket is a rocket engine that uses a fission reactor instead of combustion to heat hydrogen, delivering high thrust at roughly twice chemical propellant efficiency.
Nuclear transfer
Nuclear transfer is a cloning technique that transfers a somatic cell nucleus into an enucleated egg, whose cytoplasm reprograms it; it produced Dolly the sheep in 1996.
Nuclear transmutation
Nuclear transmutation, also known as transmutation of elements, is the conversion of one chemical element or isotope into another through nuclear reactions, studied for reducing long-lived radioactive waste.
Nuclear triad
The nuclear triad, also called the strategic triad, is a three-part nuclear force of ICBMs, ballistic missile submarines, and strategic bombers, built so no first strike could destroy it.
Nuclear War: A Scenario
Nuclear War: A Scenario, Annie Jacobsen's 2024 Dutton bestseller, reconstructs 72 minutes from a North Korean ICBM strike on Washington to global nuclear annihilation, based on dozens of expert interviews; shortlisted for the Baillie Gifford Prize.
Nuclear warfare
Nuclear warfare is conflict involving nuclear weapons, used in war only at Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945. Nine states hold roughly 12,187 warheads; deterrence doctrine, escalation risk, and expiring arms control define the modern threat.
Nuclear Waste Fund
The Nuclear Waste Fund is a United States federal trust fund, created by the Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982 to pay for disposing of spent nuclear fuel.
Nuclear Waste Management Organization (Canada)
The Nuclear Waste Management Organization (NWMO) is a Canadian not-for-profit organization, established in 2002 under the Nuclear Fuel Waste Act to manage Canada's used nuclear fuel.
Nuclear Waste Policy Act
The Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982 is the US federal law directing the Department of Energy to develop geologic repositories for spent nuclear fuel and high-level waste.
Nuclear weapon design
Nuclear weapon design is the engineering discipline of arranging fissile material, explosives, and fusion fuel so a chain reaction releases nuclear energy within a fraction of a second.
Nuclear weapon yield
Nuclear weapon yield is the total energy released in a nuclear explosion, expressed as equivalent TNT tonnage, and ranges from tens of tons in small devices to megatons in thermonuclear weapons.
Nuclear weapons and Israel
Israel's nuclear program, centered on the Dimona reactor built with French help in the late 1950s, produced about 90 warheads it has never confirmed or denied, with no nuclear test.
Nuclear weapons of China
China's nuclear arsenal: one of five NPT nuclear-weapon states, estimated at roughly 500-620 warheads and growing about 100 per year since 2023, with land- and sea-based missiles and bombers, a no-first-use doctrine since 1964, and no declared stockpile size.
Nuclear weapons of the United Kingdom
The nuclear weapons of the United Kingdom are a Trident submarine arsenal run by the Royal Navy as a continuous at-sea deterrent since 1969, first tested in 1952.
Nuclear weapons of the United States
The nuclear weapons of the United States form one of the world's two largest arsenals, first built under the Manhattan Project and used against Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945.
Nuclear weapons testing
Nuclear weapons testing is the controlled detonation of nuclear explosive devices to assess weapon performance and effects, first done by the United States at Trinity in 1945.