All articles starting with O
9,097 articles
Oberon (programming language)
Oberon is a general-purpose programming language created by Niklaus Wirth at ETH Zürich, defined in 1988 as a descendant of Pascal and Modula-2, known for type extension.
Obersalzberg
Obersalzberg is a mountain area above Berchtesgaden in the Bavarian Alps, near the Austrian border, known as the site of Adolf Hitler's mountain residence, the Berghof.
Oberscheidental
Oberscheidental is a Roman auxiliary cohort fort located on the older Odenwald line of the Neckar-Odenwald Limes in Germany. It was constructed around 100 AD.
Oberst
Oberst is the highest field-grade (Stabsoffizier) officer rank of the German Heer and Luftwaffe, NATO OF-5, equivalent to colonel; naval equivalent Kapitän zur See; pay group A 16/B 2/B 3.
Oberstimm
Oberstimm: Roman auxiliary fort near Manching, Bavaria, occupied c. AD 40–120, excavated 1968–1971 by Hans Schönberger; also the findspot of two 15-metre Roman Danube patrol boats.
Oberth effect
The Oberth effect is the rocketry principle that a rocket burn produces more orbital energy when performed at high speed, at the periapsis of an orbit, than far away.
Oberweis
Oberweis (Römische Villa Oberweis): a large palatial Roman porticus villa with corner risalits near Bitburg, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Built from about AD 100, main house 124-130 m long with mosaics, marble, wall paintings, and baths; excavated 1877/78, abandoned late 4th century.
Oberwolfach Research Institute for Mathematics
The Oberwolfach Research Institute for Mathematics (MFO), German: Mathematisches Forschungsinstitut Oberwolfach, is a mathematics research institute in Oberwolfach in Germany's Black Forest, founded in 1944, hosting weekly invitation-only workshops for mathematicians.
Oberyn Martell
Oberyn Martell, the Red Viper, is a fictional prince of House Martell in George R. R. Martin's A Song of Ice and Fire and Game of Thrones, played by Pedro Pascal; he dies in a trial by combat against Gregor Clegane, avenging his sister Elia.
OBESE-DKD trial
OBESE-DKD (NCT04626323), Randomized Study Comparing Metabolic Surgery With Intensive Medical Therapy to Treat Diabetic Kidney Disease: open-label randomized trial randomizing 60 patients with type 2 diabetes, proteinuria, obesity, and CKD stage 3 to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass versus best medical treatment.
Obesity
Obesity, a chronic disease of excess body fat diagnosed in adults as BMI ≥ 30 kg/m², affected 1.1 billion people in 2024; the 2025 Lancet Commission split it into clinical and preclinical categories beyond BMI.
Obesity hypoventilation syndrome
Obesity hypoventilation syndrome, also called Pickwickian syndrome, is obesity (BMI ≥30) with awake hypercapnia (PaCO2 ≥45 mmHg) and sleep-disordered breathing; about 90% of patients have OSA, and CPAP or NIV plus weight loss are the main treatments.
Obesity in children or adolescents
Pediatric obesity, excessive fat accumulation in children and adolescents defined by WHO growth references; 170 million affected aged 5-19 in 2024; treated with behavioral intervention, GLP-1 drugs, bariatric surgery.
Obesity in the United States
Obesity in the United States: adults with BMI 30+. NHANES measured prevalence 40.3% (2021–2023), up from 13.4% in 1960–1962; severe obesity 9.7%; GLP-1 drug use rising rapidly.
Obesity Management
Obesity management, also called weight management, is the integrated professional screening, evaluation, and treatment of obesity as a chronic disease, using lifestyle intervention, GLP-1 pharmacotherapy, and bariatric surgery within multidisciplinary care.
Obeticholic acid
Obeticholic acid (Ocaliva, 6α-ethyl-chenodeoxycholic acid) is a semisynthetic FXR agonist approved in 2016 for primary biliary cholangitis, later withdrawn in the EU (2024) and US (2025).
OBEX
OBEX is a 2025 American black-and-white fantasy-horror film by Albert Birney, who writes, directs, edits, and stars as Conor Marsh, a 1987 recluse drawn into a computer game to rescue his dog Sandy; Sundance NEXT premiere, 97% on Rotten Tomatoes.
Obexelimab
Obexelimab is a monoclonal antibody targeting CD19 and FcγRIIB that inhibits B-cell signaling without depleting B cells, developed for autoimmune diseases including IgG4-related disease.
Obfuscation
Obfuscation is the deliberate act of making something unclear, spanning linguistic obscurantism, legal and corporate vagueness, software code protection, adversarial text concealment, and privacy-protective noise as described by Brunton and Nissenbaum.
Obfuscation (software)
Code obfuscation is the transformation of a computer program into a version that behaves identically but is substantially harder to understand, used to obstruct reverse engineering and by malware to evade detection.
Obi (sash)
The obi (帯) is a sash worn with Japanese kimono and traditional dress, wrapped around the body and knotted to secure the garment and signal formality.
Obi (帯) (sash)
Obi (帯) is the sash wound and tied around the waist with Japanese kimono. Covers its history from cord to decorative sash, types (fukuro, Nagoya, maru), the o-taiko knot, obijime, and the Nishijin, Kiryu, and Hakata weaving regions.
Obi Asika
Obi Asika is a Nigerian creative industry entrepreneur and public official, Director General of the National Council for Arts and Culture, appointed by President Bola Tinubu in January 2024.
Obi Toppin
Obi Toppin, NBA forward for the Indiana Pacers (formerly New York Knicks), born 1998 Brooklyn; drafted 8th in 2020 out of Dayton, signed 4-year $60M deal in 2024, scored 20 in 2025 Finals Game 6.
Obi-Wan Kenobi
Obi-Wan Kenobi, also known as Ben Kenobi, is a fictional Jedi Master in Star Wars: born on Stewjon in 57 BBY, apprentice of Qui-Gon Jinn, master of Anakin and Luke Skywalker, Clone Wars general nicknamed the Negotiator, later a Tatooine exile.
Obi-Wan Kenobi (2022 TV series)
Obi-Wan Kenobi is a 2022 Disney+ Star Wars limited series, six episodes directed by Deborah Chow, starring Ewan McGregor and Hayden Christensen, set ten years after Revenge of the Sith, with Metacritic score 73.
Obiafu gas field
Obiafu is an operating oil and gas field in Rivers State, Nigeria, forming with adjacent Obrikom the Obiafu-Obrikom (OB-OB) gas complex that supplies Nigeria LNG.
Obie Bermúdez
Obie Bermúdez is a Puerto Rican Latin pop singer-songwriter, born in Aibonito and raised in New Jersey, whose album Todo el Año won a Latin Grammy in 2005.
Obie Trice
Obie Trice (Obie Trice III, born 1977) is a Detroit rapper, aka Obie 1, signed to Eminem's Shady Records; his albums include Cheers (2003, Billboard 200 No. 5) and Second Round's On Me (2006), and his tagline is 'real name, no gimmicks.'
Obiemi Corona
Obiemi Corona is a 300-km-wide asymmetric, rimmed-plateau corona on Venus at 31.9°S, 276.6°E in the Themis Regio quadrangle (V-53), with mapped lava flows extending from its interior.