All articles starting with O
9,097 articles
Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures
Ophthalmologic surgical procedures cover cataract extraction, glaucoma filtration and MIGS, corneal transplantation, and vitreoretinal surgery, from ancient couching to phacoemulsification, IOLs, femtosecond lasers, and robotic systems.
Ophthalmological Diagnostic Techniques
Ophthalmological diagnostic techniques (MeSH D003941) are methods for diagnosing eye and vision disorders: comprehensive eye exams, tonometry, ophthalmoscopy, OCT, ultrasound, angiography, and AI-based retinal analysis.
Ophthalmologists
Ophthalmologists, or eye M.D.s, are medical doctors specializing in medical and surgical eye care; distinct from optometrists (O.D.), they train via residency and fellowship, hold ABO certification, and face projected global workforce shortfalls.
Ophthalmology
Ophthalmology, the medical and surgical specialty for eye and visual system disorders; ophthalmologists train 12-13 years, board certified since 1916, distinct from optometrists (OD).
Ophthalmomandibulomelic dysplasia
Ophthalmomandibulomelic dysplasia (OMM syndrome, Pillay syndrome, OMIM 164900) is an extremely rare autosomal dominant malformation syndrome with corneal-opacity blindness, temporomandibular fusion, and arm anomalies; three cases in one family, gene unidentified.
Ophthalmoparesis
Ophthalmoparesis, also called ophthalmoplegia when complete, is weakness of the extraocular muscles causing diplopia and ptosis; causes span brain, cranial nerve, neuromuscular junction (myasthenia gravis), and muscle (thyroid eye disease, CPEO).
Ophthalmoscopes
Ophthalmoscopes: instruments for viewing the eye's fundus. Invented by Helmholtz (1850/1851); types include direct (handheld, 15x, erect image), binocular indirect (head-mounted, 20D lens, inverted 3D view), and scanning laser ophthalmoscopes.
Ophthalmoscopy
Ophthalmoscopy (funduscopy) is examination of the eye's fundus, retina, optic disc, choroid, and vessels, by direct, indirect, or slit-lamp methods; invented by Helmholtz in 1850.
Opiant Pharmaceuticals
Opiant Pharmaceuticals, formerly Madrona Ventures and Lightlake Therapeutics, was a US biopharmaceutical company best known for conceiving NARCAN Nasal Spray; Indivior acquired it in 2023 for about $145 million.
Opiate
Opiate: natural alkaloids of opium from Papaver somniferum, chiefly morphine, codeine, and thebaine; distinct from the broader term opioid. Isolated by Sertürner in 1803/1805; act at mu, delta, and kappa receptors.
Opiate (EP)
Opiate is Tool's debut EP, released March 10, 1992 on Zoo Entertainment and Volcano Records: six songs, four studio and two live, produced with Sylvia Massy, reimagined as Opiate² for its 2022 30th anniversary.
Opiate Substitution Treatment
Opiate substitution treatment, also called opioid agonist maintenance treatment (OAMT), is long-term methadone or buprenorphine treatment for opioid dependence; methadone retains patients better, both cut mortality sharply.
Opicapone
Opicapone (Ongentys) is a third-generation, once-daily, peripheral reversible COMT inhibitor used with levodopa/carbidopa for OFF episodes in Parkinson's disease; approved in the EU (2016), US (2020), and Japan (2020).
Opie and Anthony
Opie and Anthony was an American "shock jock" radio show hosted by Gregg "Opie" Hughes and Anthony Cumia, with Jim Norton joining in 2001, running from 1995 to 2014.
Opie Winston
Harry "Opie" Winston is a fictional SAMCRO member on FX's Sons of Anarchy, played by Ryan Hurst; son of founding member Piney Winston, husband of the killed Donna, he sacrifices himself in prison in season five's "Laying Pipe".
Opifex
Opifex (Latin: maker, craftsman) names an open-source JAX/Flax NNX scientific machine learning framework by avitai, an indie app studio behind Return, and unrelated companies in Australia, Norway, Poland, India, the UK, and the US.
Opiliones
Opiliones (harvestmen, daddy longlegs) are an arachnid order, not spiders, with over 6,500 species in four suborders, no venom glands, chemical defenses, and an Early Devonian fossil record.
Opimiano
Opimiano (Villa of Rufinus Vinicius Opimianus): Roman villa site at Grottaferrata near Rome's Via Latina and Ad Decimum catacombs, attributed via an inscription to the senator Opimianus, on two terraced substructures.
Opinio juris sive necessitatis
Opinio juris sive necessitatis (opinio juris), Latin for 'an opinion of law or necessity', is the subjective element of customary international law: states must act from a sense of legal right or obligation, not mere usage.
Opinion
Opinion is a belief or assessment held with less than complete conviction or positive knowledge. In philosophy, it is the Greek doxa, which Plato contrasted with knowledge.
Opinion (Albanian TV program)
Opinion is an Albanian political talk show on TV Klan hosted by Blendi Fevziu. Launched 31 August 1997 on TVSH as E Diela Debat, renamed Opinion in 2001, it has aired four nights weekly since 2008–09 with over 3,000 episodes and 8,000 guests.
Opinion dynamics
Opinion dynamics is the statistical-physics study of how interacting agents' opinions evolve under simple local rules into consensus, polarization, or fragmentation, a field dating to Weidlich's 1971 sociodynamics model.
Opinion poll
An opinion poll is a survey of a sample of people, designed to measure what a population thinks or intends, most visibly how it plans to vote.
Opinion polling and seat projections for the 2029 European Parliament election
Polling and seat projections for the 2029 European Parliament election (6 June 2029): aggregators such as Europe Elects and PolitPro combine national polls under 27 electoral systems, projecting EPP-led but fragmented chamber.
Opinion polling for the 2019 Indian general election
Opinion and exit polling for India's 2019 Lok Sabha election: pre-election polls favored the BJP-led NDA, eight exit polls averaged NDA 312 seats, and accuracy history, methodology, and regulation are covered.
Opinion polling for the 2019 United Kingdom general election
Opinion polling for the 2019 UK general election covered national voting-intention surveys, MRP constituency modelling and the exit poll. Final polls erred by only 1.4 points on the Conservatives and 0.5 on Labour, more accurate than any contest since 2005.
Opinion polling for the 2022 Swedish general election
Opinion polling for the 2022 Swedish general election tracked Riksdag voting intention before 11 September 2022. Final polls by Demoskop, Novus, Ipsos, Sentio, Verian, and Indikator forecast a narrow left-bloc win that the right bloc's victory contradicted.
Opinion polling for the 2023 Turkish presidential election
Opinion polling for the 2023 Turkish presidential election (14 and 28 May 2023): most Turkish polls showed Kılıçdaroğlu leading, but Erdoğan won 49.52% then 52.18%, making the first-round miss a major polling failure.
Opinion polling for the 2026 Brazilian presidential election
Opinion polling for the 2026 Brazilian presidential election: TSE-registered surveys by Datafolha, Quaest, AtlasIntel and others tracked Lula versus Flávio Bolsonaro; final first-round polls missed Bolsonaro's 47.03% win, and runoff polls showed a tightening race.
Opinion polling for the 2026 Victorian state election
Opinion polling for the 2026 Victorian state election (28 November 2026) tracks Assembly voting intention. Polls show the Coalition near 29%, Labor near 24-25%, One Nation near 23% and the Greens near 14%, with One Nation surging from 0.3% in 2022.