All articles starting with O
9,097 articles
Orbital torque and orbital Hall effect
The orbital Hall effect generates a transverse current of electron orbital angular momentum from an electric field; orbital torque arises when that current enters a ferromagnet.
Orbital Ventures
Orbital Ventures (Orbital Ventures S.C.A.) is a Luxembourg City-based venture capital fund, vintage 2020, that invests in early-stage space-technology companies across Europe; it closed at about €120 million in 2021.
Orbital Witness
Orbital Witness, since rebranded as Orbital, is a London-founded legaltech startup whose AI platform automates real estate legal work, founded in 2018 by Will Pearce and Ed Boulle.
Orbital-selective Mott phase
The orbital-selective Mott phase (OSMP) is an intermediate state of a multi-orbital correlated electron system in which some orbitals are Mott localized and others remain metallic.
Orbital-selective Mott transition
The orbital-selective Mott transition (OSMT) is a metal-insulator transition in multiorbital systems where some orbitals become Mott localized while others remain itinerant, with candidates including Ca2−xSrxRuO4 and iron chalcogenide superconductors.
Orbitals (video game)
Orbitals is a two-player co-op puzzle-adventure game by Tokyo studio Shapefarm, released as a Nintendo Switch 2 exclusive on September 3, 2026, with no single-player mode.
Orbiter (simulator)
Orbiter, also known as Orbiter Space Flight Simulator, is a free space flight simulator for Windows PCs created by Martin Schweiger and first released in November 2000.
Orbitofrontal cortex
Orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), ventral prefrontal cortex above the eyes; areas 11, 13, 14, 47/12; represents reward value and hedonic experience, supports decision making; damage causes impulsive, socially inappropriate behavior.
Orbitrap Fusion
The Orbitrap Fusion is a hybrid high-resolution mass spectrometer introduced by Thermo Fisher Scientific in 2013, the first commercial Tribrid LC-MS system, built for proteomics and other high-resolution applications.
Orbitrap mass spectrometry
Orbitrap mass spectrometry is an analytical technique that traps ions in an electrostatic field around a spindle-shaped electrode, giving high mass accuracy and resolving power.
Orbitz
Orbitz, also known as Orbitz.com, is an American online travel agency founded in 2000 by five major U.S. airlines and owned by Expedia Group since 2015.
Orbivirus caerulinguae
Orbivirus caerulinguae, bluetongue virus (BTV), is the ICTV species (renamed 2023) in genus Orbivirus, family Sedoreoviridae, order Reovirales; a 10-segment dsRNA virus of ruminants transmitted by Culicoides midges, exemplified by BTV serotype 10.
OrbNet
OrbNet is a machine learning method for quantum chemistry, introduced at Caltech in 2020, that predicts DFT-quality molecular energies at roughly 1,000-fold lower cost using features from cheap semi-empirical calculations and a graph neural network.
Orbona Corona
Orbona Corona is a 150-km-diameter corona on Venus at 47.8S, 293.2E in the Themis Regio quadrangle (V-53), named for the Roman goddess who protects orphans, IAU-approved in 2006.
OrbView-2
OrbView-2, originally named SeaStar, was a commercial Earth-observation satellite launched by Orbital Sciences in 1997 whose SeaWiFS instrument measured ocean chlorophyll for more than 13 years.
Orc
Orc: monstrous humanoid race coined in modern fantasy by Tolkien from Old English orcneas (Beowulf), spread by Dungeons & Dragons (1974) and Warcraft into the default fantasy warrior race, and the subject of ongoing scholarly debate over racial stereotyping.
Orc (Blake)
Orc is William Blake's fiery mythological figure of revolutionary energy and rebellion, opposing the lawgiver Urizen; he appears in America, Europe, The Book of Urizen, and The Four Zoas, is chained by Los, and transforms into a serpent in The Four Zoas.
Orc Eroica
Orc Eroica (オーク英雄物語 ～忖度列伝～, Orc Eiyuu Monogatari: Sontaku Retsuden) is a fantasy light novel series by Rifujin na Magonote about Bash, a war-hero orc journeying to lose his virginity; web novel 2019, Fantasia Bunko 2020, Yen Press English edition, manga on Young Ace UP.
Orca
Orca (killer whale, Orcinus orca), the largest dolphin, found in all oceans; top predator with specialized ecotypes. Residents eat salmon, Bigg's eat mammals; Southern Residents endangered at 74 whales (2025).
Orca (language models)
Orca is a family of small instruction-tuned language models from Microsoft Research that learns reasoning from GPT-4's explanation traces; its successor, Orca 2, released in November 2023, picks its own reasoning strategy per task.
Orca Bio
Orca Bio is a Menlo Park, California biotechnology company that builds allogeneic cell therapies for blood cancers; its lead product TREGZI won FDA approval in June 2026.
Orca Energy Group
Orca Energy Group, until 2020 Orca Exploration Group, is a natural gas company incorporated in the British Virgin Islands that operates the Songo Songo gas field offshore Tanzania.
OrCAD
OrCAD is a suite of electronic design automation software for printed circuit board design, first released in 1985 and owned by Cadence Design Systems since 1999.
Orcaella
Orcaella is a genus of oceanic dolphins with two blunt-headed, rounded-fin species of the Indo-Pacific: the Irrawaddy dolphin and the Australian snubfin dolphin, established in 1866.
Orcagna
Orcagna was the working name of Andrea di Cione di Arcangelo, a Florentine painter, sculptor, and architect documented from 1343 to 1368, regarded as the leading Florentine artist of his time.
OrCam
OrCam is a Jerusalem-based computer-vision company founded in 2010 by Amnon Shashua and Ziv Aviram, the co-founders of Mobileye, that made wearable devices for blind users.
Orcas Island
Orcas Island, the largest of Washington's San Juan Islands at about 57 square miles, lies in the Salish Sea; its Mount Constitution rises 2,409 feet, and Eastsound is its main village.
Orchard
Orchard: a managed planting of fruit or nut trees, from ancient domestication (ca. 3500 BC Western Asia) and colonial seedling apple orchards to modern high-density systems of 1,000-5,000 trees per hectare.
Orchestra
Orchestra: large Western instrumental ensemble of strings, woodwinds, brass, and percussion; symphony and philharmonic orchestras exceed 100 players, standardized since the mid-18th century, conducted, fan-shaped seating.
Orchestra BioMed
Orchestra BioMed is an American biomedical innovation company, formed in 2018, that develops cardiovascular therapies including AVIM therapy for hypertension and Virtue SAB, partnering with Medtronic and Terumo.