All articles starting with P

28,818 articles

Pattan Mound

Pattan Mound: archaeological mound at Pattan, Baramulla, J&K, site of ancient Śaṅkarapura, capital of King Śaṅkaravarman (883–902), with the twin granite Śaṅkaragaurīśa and Sugandheśa temples, damaged in the 1885 earthquake and ASI-protected since 1963.

Pattani Kingdom

The Pattani Kingdom, or Kerajaan Patani, was a Malay Muslim sultanate on the east coast of the Malay Peninsula, an international trading port annexed by Siam in 1902.

Pattas

Pattas (பட்டாஸ்) is a 2020 Tamil action drama directed by R. S. Durai Senthilkumar, starring Dhanush in a dual role as Adimurai master Thiraviyam Perumal and his thief son Sakthi, with Sneha and Mehreen Pirzada; released 15 January 2020 for Pongal.

Pattaya (พัทยา)

Pattaya (พัทยา) is a Gulf of Thailand beach resort city in Chon Buri province, 150 km southeast of Bangkok. Once a fishing village, it grew through Vietnam War R&R tourism and is now rebranding with family attractions and a 365-day events calendar.

Pattaya Elephant Village (Thailand)

Pattaya Elephant Village (หมู่บ้านช้างพัทยา) is a Thai elephant tourist attraction near Pattaya, founded November 1973 for retired logging elephants, offering rides, shows, and trekking; Tripadvisor lists it as failing animal welfare guidelines.

Patterdale Terrier

Patterdale Terrier, a small black Fell Terrier-type working terrier from England's Lake District, bred to go to ground after foxes; UKC-recognized January 1, 1995, 10-15 inches tall, spannable chest, not AKC-recognized.

Pattern

A pattern is an arrangement of shapes, numbers, or other elements that follows a rule, so it can be continued or reproduced from the rule itself.

Pattern (sewing)

A sewing pattern is a paper template from which garment parts are traced onto fabric before cutting and sewing, sold commercially in the United States since 1854.

Pattern 1853 Enfield

The Pattern 1853 Enfield, or P53 Enfield, is a British .577 caliber rifled musket adopted in 1853, the second-most used rifle of the American Civil War.

Pattern 1914 Enfield

The Pattern 1914 Enfield, known as the P14 and later Rifle No. 3, is a British bolt-action rifle in .303 British made largely in America during World War I.

Pattern day trader

Pattern day trader (PDT): former FINRA designation for margin-account customers making four or more day trades in five business days over six percent of activity, carrying a $25,000 minimum equity and 4x buying power; eliminated June 4, 2026 by intraday margin rules.

Pattern Energy

Pattern Energy is a privately held American clean energy company headquartered in San Francisco, operating more than 40 wind, solar, and transmission facilities across North America.

Pattern formation in robot swarms

Pattern formation in robot swarms is the problem of making many simple, autonomous robots arrange into a specified shape using only local interactions, famously shown by 1,024 Kilobots in 2014.

Pattern hair loss

Pattern hair loss, or androgenetic alopecia, male pattern baldness / female pattern hair loss, is a common genetically and androgen (DHT) driven follicle miniaturization disorder affecting up to 80% of men and 50% of women, treated with minoxidil and finasteride.

Pattern language (formal languages)

A pattern language, also called an Angluin pattern language, is the set of words generated from a pattern by substituting words for its variables, introduced by Dana Angluin in 1980.

Pattern matching

Pattern matching is a programming-language construct that tests a value against a described shape, called a pattern, binding variables to its parts; it generalizes the switch statement.

Pattern recognition

Pattern recognition, also called statistical pattern recognition, is the science of learning to distinguish patterns of interest from their background and classifying them, underpinning machine learning.

Pattern recognition receptor

Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) are germline-encoded innate immune sensors detecting PAMPs and DAMPs. Families include TLRs, CLRs, NLRs, RLRs, and cGAS; concept proposed by Janeway in 1989, validated by Toll in 1996, honored by the 2011 Nobel Prize.

Pattern scaling

Pattern scaling is a climate-modeling approximation in which the regional pattern of climate change is assumed constant and scaled linearly with global mean warming, first proposed by Santer et al. in 1990.

Pattern search (optimization)

Pattern search is a family of derivative-free direct search methods for nonlinear optimization that probes fixed directions with an adaptive step size, accepting steps only when the objective improves.

Pattern welding

Pattern welding is a bladesmithing technique in which twisted rods of iron and steel are forge-welded together and etched to show a decorative pattern, used since Celtic times.

Patterned and diffuse alopecia areata

Patterned and diffuse alopecia areata are non-patchy forms of the autoimmune hair loss alopecia areata, covering the band-like ophiasis and sisaipho patterns and the diffuse variants that thin across the scalp.

Patterned ground

Patterned ground is ground displaying regular geometric shapes such as circles, polygons, nets, steps, and stripes, produced by frost action in cold climates; similar polygons also occur on Mars.

Patterned sapphire substrate

A patterned sapphire substrate (PSS) is a sapphire wafer whose surface is patterned with micro- or nanoscale structures that reduce defects and enhance light extraction in GaN-based LEDs.

Patterns in nature

Patterns in nature: regularities such as animal stripes, shell spirals, branching, and phyllotaxis, explained mainly through Turing's 1952 reaction-diffusion theory, Wolpert's positional information, and mechanical and mass-conserving models.

Patterns of Childhood

Patterns of Childhood (Kindheitsmuster) is a 1976 novel by the German writer Christa Wolf, in which a narrator returns to her hometown, now Gorzów Wielkopolski in Poland.

Patterson method

The Patterson method is a crystallographic technique introduced by Arthur Lindo Patterson in 1934 that derives structural information from X-ray diffraction data without requiring lost phase information.

Patterson-Stevenson-Fontaine syndrome

Patterson-Stevenson-Fontaine syndrome (split foot deformity with mandibulofacial dysostosis, OMIM 183700) is a very rare autosomal dominant acrofacial dysostosis: retrognathism, cleft palate, ear anomalies, split foot, toe syndactyly; fewer than ten patients described.

Patterson-UTI Energy (company)

Patterson-UTI Energy is a Houston, Texas-based provider of land-based contract drilling and completion services to oil and gas companies, formed in 2001 and traded on Nasdaq as PTEN.

Patterson–Gimlin film

Patterson–Gimlin film: 16mm footage shot by Roger Patterson and Bob Gimlin at Bluff Creek, California, on October 20, 1967, showing the figure 'Patty'; the most famous disputed Bigfoot evidence, argued to be either an unknown primate or a costumed hoax, revisited by the 2026 documentary Capturing Bigfoot.