All articles starting with P

Pediatric hepatocellular carcinoma

Pediatric hepatocellular carcinoma (childhood HCC) is a rare malignant liver tumor of hepatocytes, second to hepatoblastoma in children, linked to perinatal hepatitis B, tyrosinemia, and metabolic liver disease, treated mainly by resection or transplant.

Pediatric Hospitals

Pediatric hospitals (children's hospitals) are hospitals dedicated to child health care, from Great Ormond Street (1852) and CHOP (1855) to today's freestanding and affiliated centers, now consolidating amid declining pediatric capacity.

Pediatric Intensive Care Units

A pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) is a hospital unit providing continuous intensive care to critically ill infants and children, first established in Goteborg, Sweden, in 1955.

Pediatric multiple sclerosis

Pediatric multiple sclerosis (POMS) is MS beginning before age 18, about 3-5% of cases; relapsing-remitting in 95-98%, higher relapse rates, slower physical but earlier disability, and lasting cognitive effects.

Pediatric neurology

Pediatric neurology, or child neurology, is the specialty treating nervous system diseases of infants and children. Key facts: flagship journal Pediatric Neurology (Elsevier, ISSN 0887-8994, founded 1985 by Kenneth Swaiman), literature dominated by epilepsy, neuroimmunology, and neurodevelopment research.

Pediatric neurosurgery

Pediatric neurosurgery: surgical specialty treating children's head, spine, and nervous system disorders, from hydrocephalus and posterior fossa tumors to deformities; requires residency plus pediatric fellowship training.

Pediatric pulmonology

Pediatric pulmonology is the medical subspecialty concerned with respiratory health and disease from fetal life through adolescence, covering asthma, cystic fibrosis, chronic lung disease of prematurity, and sleep-disordered breathing.

Pediatric radiology

Pediatric radiology: medical imaging subspecialty for fetuses, infants, children, and adolescents. Founded around John Caffey's 1945 textbook; journal Pediatric Radiology (1973); societies ESPR, SPR, AOSPR, SLARP; Image Gently dose-reduction campaign.

Pediatric research

Pediatric Research is a monthly peer-reviewed medical journal covering the causes of childhood illness and developmental disorders, first published in January 1967 by Springer Nature.

Pediatric rheumatology online journal

Pediatric rheumatology online journal (PROJ), ISSN 1546-0096, launched 2003 by the University of Chicago as the first solely pediatric rheumatology journal; open access, continued from 2007 by BioMed Central as Pediatric Rheumatology, official PReS journal.

Pediatric stroke

Pediatric stroke is a disruption of blood flow to a child's brain, from 28 weeks of gestation to age 18, caused by cardiac disease, arteriopathy, and sickle cell disease.

Pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus

Pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus (childhood-onset, juvenile-onset SLE) is a rare multisystem autoimmune disease beginning before adulthood, affecting 10–20% of SLE patients, with more severe courses, higher renal involvement, and structured transition to adult care.

Pediatric tachyarrhythmias

Pediatric tachyarrhythmias are abnormally fast heart rhythms in fetuses, infants, children, and adolescents. Supraventricular tachycardia is the most common, often from accessory pathways that frequently resolve with age.

Pediatric tonsillectomy

Pediatric tonsillectomy is the surgical removal of the palatine tonsils in children, performed mainly for recurrent tonsillitis and obstructive sleep-disordered breathing, with bleeding rates below 4 to 5%.

Pediatric tracheostomy

Pediatric tracheostomy is a surgical operation creating an opening in a child's trachea and inserting a tube for long-term ventilation, secretion management, or bypassing airway obstruction.

Pediatricians

Pediatricians are physicians specializing in the physical, mental, and social health of children from birth to young adulthood, trained via 4 years of medical school plus at least 3 years of pediatric residency; the US had 77,792 certified pediatricians in 2020.

Pediatrics

Pediatrics, also known as pediatric medicine, is the medical specialty caring for children from birth through young adulthood, covering both preventive care and treatment of illness.

Sep 19, 2026

Pedicab

Pedicab is a Filipino dance-punk band formed in 2004 whose five members came from established rock bands, earning it the label Pinoy rock supergroup; its debut album was Tugish Takish (2005).

Oct 3, 2026

Pedicab Driver (群龙戏凤)

Pedicab Driver (群龙戏凤) is a 1989 Hong Kong martial arts comedy directed by and starring Sammo Hung, who plays the leader of pedicab drivers in Macau.

Pediciidae

Pediciidae, the hairy-eyed crane flies, is a basal family of Tipuloidea (Diptera) with subfamilies Pediciinae and Ulinae; Pediciinae larvae are aquatic predators, Ulinae larvae terrestrial fungivores.

Pedicle screw fixation

Pedicle screw fixation is a spinal instrumentation technique in which screws inserted through the pedicles, the strongest bony columns of the vertebrae, are connected by rods to stabilize the spine.

Oct 20, 2026

Pedicle Screws

Pedicle screws are bone screws placed through the pedicle of the vertebral arch to anchor rod constructs in spinal fusion; the gold standard for 3-column posterior fixation, first used by Roy-Camille in 1963, with very low complication rates and CBT screws as a less invasive alternative.

Pedicularis

Pedicularis (louseworts), largest genus of Orobanchaceae with about 600-681 hemiparasitic herb species, North Temperate mountains, center of diversity in the Himalaya-Hengduan Mountains; noted for floral diversity, homoplasy, and traditional medicinal use.

Pediculosis capitis

Pediculosis capitis, head lice infestation by Pediculus humanus capitis, common in children 3–11, spread by head-to-head contact, treated with pediculicides; pyrethroid resistance now widespread.

Pediculosis corporis

Pediculosis corporis, body lice (Pediculus humanus corporis), is a louse infestation living in clothing and feeding on human blood, causing itching, vagabond's disease, and transmitting typhus, trench fever, and relapsing fever; treated mainly by hygiene and clean clothes.

Pedicure

Pedicure: cosmetic foot and toenail treatment (soaking, nail trimming, cuticle care, massage, polish), from Latin pes + curare. Covers salon procedure, infection risks from foot spas and tools, safety steps, diabetes precautions, and medical pedicures.