All articles starting with P
28,818 articles
Percolation theory
Percolation theory is the mathematical study of connectivity in random media, founded by Broadbent and Hammersley in 1957, where an infinite connected cluster first appears at a critical probability.
Percomorpha
Percomorpha (Percomorphacea) is the largest clade of spiny-rayed teleost fishes, over half of ray-finned fish species; once Nelson's 'bush at the top', now resolved by molecular phylogenomics and divided into series like Ovalentaria and Eupercaria.
Percussion (medicine)
Percussion (medicine): bedside tapping of the chest or abdomen to judge underlying air, fluid, or solid. Discovered by Auenbrugger 1761, popularized by Corvisart 1808; notes include tympany, resonance, dullness.
Percussion cap
The percussion cap, or percussion primer, is a small metal cup holding a shock-sensitive explosive, invented in the early 1800s to replace the flintlock ignition system.
Percussion instrument
A percussion instrument, sometimes called percussions, is a musical instrument sounded by striking, scraping, shaking, or rubbing, including the oldest instruments after the human voice.
Percut
Percut: coastal village (desa) in Percut Sei Tuan district, Deli Serdang, North Sumatra; 16,442 residents, 15.39 km², fishing economy and TPI Bagan Percut; district being split into Percut Sei Tuan and Percut Deli.
Percutaneous ablation
Percutaneous ablation is a minimally invasive, image-guided treatment delivering energy through skin probes to destroy tumors, with outcomes for small liver cancers similar to surgery.
Percutaneous angioplasty
Percutaneous angioplasty is a minimally invasive procedure in which a balloon-tipped catheter is inflated inside a narrowed artery to compress plaque and restore blood flow, usually followed by a stent.
Percutaneous coronary intervention
Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), or coronary angioplasty, is a catheter-based procedure opening blocked coronary arteries with balloon and stent; introduced by Grüntzig in 1977, drug-eluting stents are its standard, with CABG favored in complex disease.
Percutaneous Diskectomy
Percutaneous diskectomy (percutaneous nucleotomy, Diskectomy Percutaneous MeSH D017587): posterolateral, outside-the-canal removal of herniated disc material; first described by Hijikata 1975, automated by Onik 1985, done under local anesthesia.
Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy
Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG): endoscopically guided feeding tube placed through the abdominal wall into the stomach, devised by Gauderer and Ponsky in Cleveland in 1979-1980 for long-term enteral nutrition.
Percutaneous ethanol injection
Percutaneous ethanol injection, also known as ethanol ablation, injects 95–99% sterile ethanol into lesions under imaging guidance, used mainly for small liver cancers and cystic thyroid nodules.
Percutaneous fixation
Percutaneous fixation is an orthopedic surgical technique that stabilizes fractures with screws, pins, or rods inserted through small skin incisions without opening the fracture site, sparing its blood supply.
Percutaneous intentional extraluminal revascularization
Percutaneous intentional extraluminal revascularization (PIER, subintimal angioplasty) is an endovascular technique for chronic total occlusions of peripheral arteries, creating a subintimal dissection channel with true-lumen reentry; technical success 65-100%, used when intraluminal crossing fails.
Percutaneous mitral valve repair
Percutaneous mitral valve repair, in practice transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER), is a catheter-based procedure that clips the mitral leaflets together to reduce leaking without open-heart surgery.
Percutaneous nephrolithotomy
Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is a surgical procedure that removes kidney stones through a small incision in the back, first-line treatment for stones larger than 20 mm, including staghorn stones.
Percutaneous pinning
Percutaneous pinning is a fracture fixation technique in which Kirschner wires are passed through the skin into bone under imaging guidance, without open exposure of the fracture site.
Percutaneous sclerotherapy
Percutaneous sclerotherapy is a minimally invasive procedure that injects a sclerosing agent into varicose veins and vascular malformations, destroying the vessel lining so it scars into a fibrous cord.
Percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation
Percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation (PTNS) is a minimally invasive treatment for overactive bladder in which a needle electrode near the ankle stimulates the posterior tibial nerve.
Percutaneous tracheostomy
Percutaneous tracheostomy, also called percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy, is a bedside procedure that creates a surgical airway using needle puncture and guidewire dilation instead of open surgery.
Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage
Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) is an image-guided procedure in which a catheter passed through the skin and liver drains bile, relieving biliary obstruction when ERCP is unsuitable.
Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography
Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC) is an imaging procedure in which a needle passed through the skin and liver into the bile ducts delivers contrast for X-ray imaging.
Percy
Percy is an English masculine given name from a Norman surname tied to Percy-en-Auge, Normandy, borne by William de Perci (Domesday 1086); also a short form of Percival, popular in mid-19th-century England and revived recently.
Percy A. Knolle
Percy A. Knolle, born 1962, is a German physician-scientist in liver immunology and founding Director of the Institute of Molecular Immunology at the Technical University of Munich since 2013.
Percy Alexander MacMahon
Percy Alexander MacMahon (1854–1929) was a British mathematician and retired Royal Artillery officer, the leading British combinatorialist of his era, known for the Master Theorem, plane partitions, and Combinatory Analysis.
Percy Anderson (federal judge)
Percy Anderson, born in 1948 in Long Beach, California, is a United States district judge for the Central District of California, appointed by President George W. Bush in 2002.
Percy Beard
Percy Morris Beard (1908-1990), American 110 m hurdler, 1932 Olympic silver medalist behind George Saling, world record holder at 110 m and 120 y hurdles, and University of Florida head track coach 1937-1964 who founded the Florida Relays.
Percy Bysshe Shelley
Percy Bysshe Shelley (1792-1822), English Romantic poet and radical essayist, author of Queen Mab, Prometheus Unbound, Ozymandias, and A Defence of Poetry; expelled from Oxford in 1811, drowned at Viareggio, Italy, in July 1822.
Percy Courtman
Percy Courtman (1888-1917), English breaststroke swimmer, Old Trafford SC; 1912 Olympic 400m breaststroke bronze, ASA 200y champion five times, first under 3 minutes for 200m (2:56.6, 1914); killed in action in WWI.
Percy Cox
Sir Percy Zachariah Cox (1864-1937), British Indian political officer and diplomat; Political Resident in the Persian Gulf, negotiator of the 1919 Anglo-Persian Agreement, and first High Commissioner of Iraq who installed Faisal as king.