All articles starting with P
28,818 articles
Pheast Therapeutics
Pheast Therapeutics is a clinical-stage immuno-oncology biotech in Redwood City, California, founded in 2020 as a Stanford spinout developing macrophage checkpoint inhibitors; its lead anti-CD24 antibody PHST001 entered Phase 1 testing in 2025.
Phèdre
Phèdre is a five-act verse tragedy by Jean Racine, first performed at the Hôtel de Bourgogne in Paris on 1 January 1677, retelling the myth of Phaedra's fatal passion for her stepson Hippolytus.
Pheidippides
Pheidippides (Philippides), Athenian hemerodromos courier; Herodotus records his Athens-to-Sparta run (~240 km) in 490 BC; the Marathon victory-run-and-death legend comes from Plutarch and Lucian and inspired the 1896 Olympic marathon.
Phelan Hill
Phelan Hill (born 1979, Bedford) is a British rowing coxswain, CBE, who steered the GB men's eight to Rio 2016 Olympic gold, London 2012 bronze, and three straight World Championship titles, 2013 to 2015.
Phelan-McDermid syndrome
Phelan-McDermid syndrome, or 22q13.3 deletion syndrome, is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder caused by SHANK3 haploinsufficiency, featuring developmental delay, absent speech, hypotonia, and autism spectrum disorder.
Phelles
Phelles (Pheles) was a king of Tyre who, according to Menander of Ephesus, murdered his brother Aserymus to seize the throne, reigned eight months, and was killed by Ithobalus, priest of Astarte.
Phellinus
Phellinus (sanghuang, 桑黃) is a genus of about 220 perennial, shelf-shaped wood-decay fungi in Hymenochaetaceae, used for 2,000 years in East Asian medicine; over 300 bioactive compounds, mainly polysaccharides and hispidin-derived polyphenols, have been reported.
Phelsuma
Phelsuma, day geckos, is a genus of diurnal green geckos established by Gray (1825) and named for Murk van Phelsum. About 45–53 species live on Madagascar and Indian Ocean islands; all are CITES Appendix II.
Phemba
Phemba, or pfemba, is a carved wooden mother-and-child maternity figure made mainly by the Yombe, a Kongo people of the Mayombe region of Central Africa.
Phemius (crater on Tethys)
Phemius is a 75.9-km-wide impact crater on Saturn's moon Tethys at 11.32°N, 286.22°W, IAU-approved in 1982 and named for the minstrel spared by Odysseus in Homer's Odyssey; it lies in a crater chain with Polyphemus, Ajax, and Antinous.
Phenacemide
Phenacemide (Phenurone), phenylacetylurea, a 1948 ureide anticonvulsant for refractory psychomotor epilepsy, FDA-approved 1951, withdrawn 2004 due to liver and bone marrow toxicity.
Phenacene
Phenacene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon whose benzene rings fuse in a zigzag, phenanthrene-like pattern, including phenanthrene, chrysene, and picene; more stable than linear acenes, phenacenes serve as organic semiconductors in transistors.
Phenacetin
Phenacetin, also known as acetophenetidin, is a synthetic analgesic and antipyretic drug introduced in 1887 and withdrawn from most markets in the late 20th century for causing kidney disease and cancer.
Phenacodus
Phenacodus, condylarth mammal genus named by Cope 1873 (type P. primaevus), Paleocene-Eocene North America and Europe, five-toed plantigrade early ungulate near perissodactyl origins.
Phenanthrene
Phenanthrene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon with three benzene rings fused in an angular arrangement, isomeric with anthracene and found in coal tar from incomplete combustion.
Phenanthrol
Phenanthrol, also called hydroxyphenanthrene, is any of five monohydroxylated derivatives of the three-ring hydrocarbon phenanthrene, occurring chiefly as metabolites; 9-phenanthrol is widely used to inhibit the TRPM4 ion channel.
Phenazine
Phenazine is a planar, redox-active tricyclic aromatic heterocycle whose derivatives, more than 100 of them made naturally by bacteria, include the antibiotic pyocyanin and electrolytes for redox flow batteries.
Phenazopyridine
Phenazopyridine (Pyridium, AZO) is an azo-dye urinary analgesic for dysuria, not an antibiotic. Dosed 200 mg three times daily, limited to 2 days; risks include methemoglobinemia and renal or hepatic toxicity.
Phencyclidine
Phencyclidine (PCP, angel dust), 1-(1-phenylcyclohexyl)piperidine, is a dissociative anesthetic and NMDA receptor antagonist synthesized in 1956, abandoned for human use, now a Schedule II drug of abuse.
Phendimetrazine
Phendimetrazine (Bontril PDM, Plegine) is a DEA Schedule III sympathomimetic anorectic, FDA-approved since 1959/1960 for short-term obesity treatment with caloric restriction; 35 mg tablets, tolerance within weeks, over 3 million US prescriptions 2008-2011.
Phenelzine
Phenelzine (Nardil) is an irreversible, nonselective MAO-A/MAO-B inhibitor antidepressant, a hydrazine derivative available since 1960, used mainly for atypical depression, with tyramine dietary restrictions and hypertensive crisis risk.
Phenethylamine (β-phenylethylamine)
Phenethylamine (β-phenylethylamine, PEA) is a trace amine found naturally in the human brain, in chocolate, and in fermented foods, and is the structural parent of amphetamine.
Phenetidine
Phenetidine, also known as ethoxyaniline, refers to two aromatic amine isomers. The commercially important para isomer is used in dyes and pharmaceuticals and is a metabolite of phenacetin.
Phenformin
Phenformin is an oral biguanide antidiabetic drug used from the late 1950s to treat type 2 diabetes and withdrawn in 1977 after hundreds of fatal lactic acidosis cases.
Phenibut (Фенибут)
Phenibut (Фенибут, fenibut, PhGABA, β-phenyl-γ-aminobutyric acid) is a Russian-developed 1960s GABA_B agonist anxiolytic, not FDA-approved in the US, sold online as a nootropic, with dependence, overdose, and severe withdrawal risks.
Phenicarbazide
Phenicarbazide (1-phenylsemicarbazide, anilinourea, Kryogenin), C7H9N3O, CAS 103-03-7: a phenylhydrazine urea derivative, former INN drug (withdrawn), IARC Group 3, GHS harmful/irritant, found in Heimia plants.
Phenindione
Phenindione is an oral anticoagulant of the indandione class that acts as a vitamin K antagonist, similar to warfarin but now rarely used because of hypersensitivity reactions.
Pheniramine
Pheniramine (pheniramine maleate, Avil) is a first-generation alkylamine H1 antihistamine, FDA approved in 1948, used for allergy, hay fever, colds, motion sickness, and allergic conjunctivitis eye drops; largely supplanted by second-generation antihistamines.
Phénix
Phénix was a French demonstration sodium-cooled fast breeder reactor at the Marcoule nuclear site in southern France, operated by the CEA and EDF, which produced power from 1973 to 2010.
Phenmedipham
Phenmedipham (Betanal, Betamax) is a selective post-emergence carbamate herbicide, HRAC Group 5 photosystem II inhibitor, developed by Schering AG, introduced 1967, used mainly in sugar beet weed control, EU approval extended to 30 September 2027.