All articles starting with P
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Palermo, Buenos Aires
Palermo is the largest barrio of Buenos Aires, Argentina, occupying Comuna 14 (15.9 km², 225,245 residents, 2001 census). Known for Bosques de Palermo, Parque Tres de Febrero, sub-zones Soho and Hollywood, and leading the city's Airbnb supply.
Palermo, Sicily
Palermo (Palermu; Balàrm) is the capital of Sicily, Italy, fifth-largest Italian city, 625,956 residents. Phoenician, Byzantine, Islamic (831-1071), then Norman capital under Roger II; UNESCO Arab-Norman site inscribed 2015.
Palestine (فلسطين) (region)
Palestine (فلسطين), a Mediterranean-to-Jordan-River region, was Ottoman for 400 years, then British Mandate territory from 1922 to 1948, now divided among Israel, the West Bank, and the Gaza Strip.
Palestine 36
Palestine 36 (فلسطين 36) is a 2025 historical drama by Palestinian director Annemarie Jacir about the 1936 Arab Revolt under the British Mandate, starring Hiam Abbass and Jeremy Irons; it premiered at Toronto 2025 and was Palestine's 98th Academy Awards entry.
Palestine Cola
Palestine Cola is a cola soft drink produced by Palestine Drinks, a Swedish company founded by three brothers of Palestinian descent in Malmö, launched in 2024 during the Gaza war boycotts.
Palestine exception
Palestine exception: term coined by Michael Ratner (2013) for censorship and punishment of pro-Palestinian advocacy, chiefly on US campuses, documented by Palestine Legal and CCR (2015) and intensified after October 2023.
Palestine Exchange
The Palestine Exchange (PEX) is the securities exchange of Palestine, headquartered in Nablus, where about 49 companies worth roughly USD 5 billion trade; unusually, the exchange itself is listed.
Palestine Liberation Army (جيش التحرير الفلسطيني)
Palestine Liberation Army (جيش التحرير الفلسطيني), PLA: the PLO's regular military force, created 1964 as a conventional army with recruits stationed in Egypt, Iraq, and Syria; a brigade fought with Egypt in 1967 and 1973, and units were controlled by Arab host states.
Palestine Liberation Organization (منظمة التحرير الفلسطينية)
Palestine Liberation Organization (منظمة التحرير الفلسطينية), the PLO, umbrella body representing Palestinians, founded 1964 in Cairo, led by Fatah and Mahmoud Abbas, structured around the PNC, Central Council, and Executive Committee, internationally recognized under Oslo and excluding Hamas and Islamic Jihad.
Palestine national football team
Palestine national football team (PFA, founded 1928, FIFA/AFC member 1998): men's team of a non-universally-recognized state; 2014 AFC Challenge Cup winners, 2023 Asian Cup round of 16, never a World Cup qualifier, home games exiled since 2023.
Palestine, Texas
Palestine, Texas: county seat of Anderson County in East Texas, founded 1846 and named for Palestine, Illinois. Railroad town, oil at Boggy Creek 1928, population 18,544 (2020), Texas State Railroad terminus.
Palestine: Land of Olives and Vines – Cultural Landscape of Southern Jerusalem, Battir
Battir (C 1492), a Palestinian World Heritage Site southwest of Jerusalem, inscribed 2014 on emergency basis and on the Danger List; terraced widian valleys, dry-stone walls, and an eight-family spring-water rotation system.
Palestinian Authority
Palestinian Authority (PA), interim governing body created by the 1993–95 Oslo Accords between Israel and the PLO, inaugurated in Jericho in July 1994; administers parts of the West Bank, lost Gaza to Hamas in 2007, and depends on Israeli-transferred clearance revenues.
Palestinian Authority–West Bank militias conflict
Palestinian Authority–West Bank militias conflict: armed clashes between PA security forces and local militias such as the Jenin Battalion and Lions' Den, peaking in the December 2024 PA siege of Jenin camp, with 14 killed and a January 2025 weapons-surrender deal disrupted by Israel's Iron Wall operation.
Palestinian Christians
Palestinian Christians (المسيحيون الفلسطينيون) are the indigenous Arab Christians of historic Palestine, among the world's oldest Christian communities. Key facts: 11% of Palestine in 1922, about 1% today; four main church families; heavy emigration and 1948 displacement.
Palestinian embroidery
Palestinian embroidery (tatreez, تطريز): cross-stitch (quṭbah fallāḥiyyah) tradition on the thob, with regional dress codes, couching and needle weaving, DMC-era changes, post-1948 national symbolism, NGO and cooperative production, and 2021 UNESCO inscription.
Palestinian genocide accusation
Palestinian genocide accusation: claims since October 2023 that Israel's Gaza campaign constitutes genocide under the 1948 Genocide Convention; ICJ case South Africa v. Israel, ICC warrants, and findings by Amnesty, HRW, and UN bodies, contested by Israel.
Palestinian Islamic Jihad
Palestinian Islamic Jihad (Ḥarakat al-Jihād al-Islāmī fī Filasṭīn), founded circa 1979-1981 by Fathi al-Shiqaqi and Abd al-Aziz Awda, is an Iran-backed armed Palestinian Islamist group; smaller and more radical than Hamas, it seeks an Islamic Palestine solely through armed struggle.
Palestinian Jews
Palestinian Jews were the Jewish inhabitants of Ottoman and Mandatory Palestine, known as the Yishuv, growing from 60,000 to 650,000 under the Mandate with self-governing institutions until Israel's 1948 founding.
Palestinian keffiyeh
Palestinian keffiyeh (الكوفية الفلسطينية, hatta): square black-and-white cotton scarf fixed with an agal, once Bedouin/farmer headwear, made a national symbol in the 1936 Arab Revolt and linked to Arafat, the First Intifada, and global solidarity; Hirbawi in Hebron is the last Palestinian factory.
Palestinian Legislative Council (المجلس التشريعي الفلسطيني)
Palestinian Legislative Council (المجلس التشريعي الفلسطيني), legislature of the Palestinian Authority, elected 1996 and 2006; Hamas won the 132-seat 2006 council, which was dissolved in 2018, leaving legislation by presidential decree and elections postponed to 2027.
Palestinian literature
Palestinian literature (الأدب الفلسطيني) is Arabic writing by the Palestinian people in Palestine and the diaspora from the late nineteenth century, shaped by exile and the 1948 Nakba.
Palestinian Mujahideen Movement (حركة المجاهدين الفلسطينية)
Palestinian Mujahideen Movement (حركة المجاهدين الفلسطينية), also Harakat al-Mujahideen: Gaza-based Islamist militant movement whose Mujahideen Brigades fire rockets at Israel, joined the Joint Room factions, took part in October 7, and was led by the Abu Sharia brothers.
Palestinian nationalism
Palestinian nationalism: the national movement of the Palestinian Arab people, also called the Palestinian national movement. Emerged in late Ottoman Palestine, shaped by the British Mandate and opposition to Zionism; phases led by the Movement of Arab Nationalists, Fatah, and Hamas.
Palestinian novel
The Palestinian novel (الرواية الفلسطينية) is prose fiction by Palestinians, chiefly in Arabic, written since the early twentieth century inside Israel, the Occupied Territories, and the diaspora.
Palestinian political violence
Palestinian political violence: armed force by Palestinian actors for political aims, from Mandate-era attacks and the 1964 PLO and Fatah to Second Intifada suicide bombings and the 7 October 2023 Hamas-led attack, alongside a nonviolent resistance strand.
Palestinian refugees
Palestinian refugees: people resident in Palestine 1946-1948 who lost home and livelihood in the 1948 war, plus registered descendants. UNRWA serves 5.9 million across five fields; funding crisis and disputed status define the subject.
Palestinian right of return
Palestinian right of return: claim that displaced Palestinians and descendants may return to homes lost in 1948 and 1967, anchored in UNGA Resolution 194 (III), contested in law and negotiations.
Palestinian rocket attacks on Israel
Palestinian rocket attacks on Israel: Qassam and Grad rockets fired from Gaza mainly by Hamas and Islamic Jihad since 2001, recurring escalations in 2008-09, 2012, 2014, 2021, and 2023, widely assessed as unlawful attacks on civilians.
Palestinian Security Services
Palestinian Security Services: armed organs of the Palestinian Authority under the Oslo Accords, including National Security Forces, Civil Police, Preventive Security, Presidential Guard, and General Intelligence, about 30,000 personnel in the West Bank.