All articles starting with P
28,818 articles
Prehistoric art
Prehistoric art, or rock art, is symbolic painting, engraving and stenciling made before written records, from 100,000-year-old ocher crayons to Sulawesi hand stencils over 67,800 years old, including Neanderthal work and European caves such as Altamira and Chauvet.
Prehistoric Britain
Prehistoric Britain: human occupation of the British Isles before written records, ending with the Roman invasion of AD 43. Covers Palaeolithic, Mesolithic, Neolithic, Bronze, and Iron Ages, Doggerland, Stonehenge, and ancient-DNA migration evidence.
Prehistoric Caves of Yagul and Mitla in the Central Valley of Oaxaca
Prehistoric Caves of Yagul and Mitla (Cuevas Prehistóricas de Yagul y Mitla), a UNESCO World Heritage cultural landscape in Oaxaca, Mexico, inscribed 2010; Guilá Naquitz cave holds the earliest known domesticated plant remains in the Americas, about 10,000-year-old squash seeds and early maize cobs.
Prehistoric echinoderm families
Prehistoric echinoderm families are family-rank groupings of extinct echinoderms; about 28 classes are known only as fossils, and only five classes survived the end-Permian extinction.
Prehistoric Egypt
Prehistoric Egypt: the Egyptian past before writing, especially the Predynastic Period c. 5500–3100 BC (Badarian, Maadi, Naqada I–III/Dynasty 0 cultures), ending with Narmer's unification and the First Dynasty.
Prehistoric Ireland
Prehistoric Ireland covers human settlement from the Mesolithic (c. 8000 BC) through Neolithic, Bronze Age, and Iron Age to Christianisation in the fifth century AD, known from megalithic tombs, Céide Fields, radiocarbon dating, and aDNA studies, not to be confused with early medieval or Mythological-cycle Ireland.
Prehistoric pile dwellings around the Alps
Prehistoric Pile Dwellings around the Alps (Pfahlbauten): UNESCO serial property of 111 stilt-house settlement sites, 5000-500 BC, in six Alpine countries, 56 in Switzerland, inscribed 2011 under criteria (iv) and (v).
Prehistoric Planet
Prehistoric Planet is an Apple TV+ CGI natural history docuseries from Jon Favreau, Mike Gunton, and BBC Studios Natural History Unit, narrated by David Attenborough (seasons 1-2) and Tom Hiddleston (Ice Age), depicting Cretaceous dinosaurs and Pleistocene megafauna.
Prehistoric religion
Prehistoric religion: reconstructed belief and ritual of societies before writing, known from burials (Tinshemet Cave), ritual monuments (Göbekli Tepe, Stonehenge), cave art, shamanism debates, and the discredited Mother Goddess hypothesis.
Prehistoric Rock Art Sites in the Côa Valley and Siega Verde
Transboundary UNESCO World Heritage site (1998, extended 2010) of open-air Upper Palaeolithic rock engravings on the Côa River in Portugal and the Agueda River at Siega Verde in Spain, with thousands of animal figures dated roughly 22,000–8,000 BCE.
Prehistoric scorpions
Prehistoric scorpions are the extinct, fossil members of the order Scorpiones, the oldest known arachnids, with a record beginning in the Silurian over 430 million years ago.
Prehistoric Scotland
Prehistoric Scotland covers human occupation before written records, from Mesolithic hunter-gatherers (c. 12,700 BC) through Neolithic farmers, Bronze Age metalworkers, and Iron Age broch-builders, with landmarks such as Skara Brae, Maeshowe, the Ring of Brodgar, and Jarlshof.
Prehistoric Sites and Decorated Caves of the Vézère Valley
Prehistoric Sites and Decorated Caves of the Vézère Valley (Sites préhistoriques et grottes ornées de la vallée de la Vézère): serial UNESCO World Heritage property in Dordogne, France, inscribed 1979, first French listing; 15 sites including Lascaux, Font-de-Gaume, Cap-Blanc, and Cro-Magnon shelter.
Prehistoric Sites of the Khorramabad Valley
Prehistoric Sites of the Khorramabad Valley: UNESCO World Heritage serial property (inscribed 2025) in Lorestan, Iran; Kaldar, Ghamari, Gilvaran, Yafteh, Kunji caves and Gar Arjeneh shelter, 63,000 BP Mousterian and Baradostian occupation.
Prehistoric warfare
Prehistoric warfare is lethal, largely impersonal aggression between communities before written records, studied mainly through archaeology; how common and how old it was is hotly debated.
Prehistory
Prehistory: the human past before written records, studied by archaeologists through the Stone, Bronze, and Iron Age framework, radiocarbon and luminescence dating, and finds such as 67,800-year-old Sulawesi cave art.
Prehistory of China
Prehistory of China covers Paleolithic hominins such as Yuanmou and Peking Man, the Movius Line debate, early pottery and millet and rice farming, Yangshao and Longshan cultures, and early states like Liangzhu and Erlitou before writing.
Prehistory of the Philippines
Prehistory of the Philippines: human occupation from 709,000-year-old Kalinga butchery, Homo luzonensis, Tabon Cave Homo sapiens, five migration waves, Neolithic rice and pottery, Metal Age and trade-ceramic periods before written records.
Prehotep (vizier)
Prehotep, more fully written (Pa)Rahotep or Prahotep, was a vizier of Egypt under Ramesses II of the 19th Dynasty, serving at least 33 years and buried at Sedment.
Prehotep II
Prehotep II, Egyptian Prahotep, was a vizier of Egypt under Ramesses II in the 19th Dynasty, the second of two same-named viziers, holding the northern office at Piramesse.
Prehypertension
Prehypertension (JNC 7, 2003) is blood pressure of 120–139 systolic and/or 80–89 diastolic mm Hg, above optimal but below hypertension; linked to higher CVD, CHD, and stroke risk, and replaced in 2017 ACC/AHA terms by elevated BP and stage 1 hypertension.
PREHYSMYOM study
PREHYSMYOM (NCT06768086) is a completed Italian observational pilot study testing 3 months of preoperative EGCG, vitamin D, and D-chiro-inositol (Eutris Plus) before hysteroscopic myomectomy for submucosal fibroids, extending a 2024 laparoscopic pilot.
Preikestolen
Preikestolen (Pulpit Rock) is a 604-meter flat granite plateau over Lysefjorden in Strand, Rogaland, Norway. Known locally as Hyvlatonnå, it draws about 350,000 hikers yearly and became a national tourist trail in 2020.
Preimplantation genetic diagnosis
Preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD), now called preimplantation genetic testing (PGT), analyzes IVF embryo DNA before transfer. Covers PGT-M, PGT-SR, PGT-A, HLA typing, first 1990 cases, and evidence limits.
Preimplantation genetic screening
Preimplantation genetic screening, now called PGT-A, is a reproductive medicine procedure that tests IVF embryos for chromosomal abnormalities before transfer, selecting embryos most likely to produce a live birth.
Preimplantation genetic testing
Preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) is a reproductive medicine procedure that analyzes IVF embryos for genetic or chromosomal abnormalities before transfer, divided into PGT-A, PGT-M, and PGT-SR.
Preity Mukhundhan (பிரீத்தி முகுந்தன்)
Preity Mukhundhan (பிரீத்தி முகுந்தன்), born 2001 in Tiruchirappalli, is an Indian actress and dancer. Films: Om Bheem Bush, Star, Kannappa; viral song Aasa Kooda; Hindi debut Naagzilla with Kartik Aaryan.
Preity Zinta (प्रीति ज़िंटा)
Preity Zinta (प्रीति ज़िंटा), born 1975 in Simla, is a Hindi film actress and producer, debut 1998 (Dil Se.., Soldier), Filmfare Best Actress for Kal Ho Naa Ho, and co-owner of IPL's Kings XI Punjab.
Preity Zinta filmography
Preity Zinta filmography: Hindi cinema work of the actress born 1975, from Dil Se.. (1998) to Vibe (2026); 26 releases 1998–2013, ₹472.84 Cr India nett, peak 2001–2004 with Dil Chahta Hai, Kal Ho Naa Ho, Veer-Zaara.
Prejudice
Prejudice is an unfavorable affective reaction to a group and its members, distinct from stereotypes (beliefs) and discrimination (behavior). Meta-analyses quantify intergroup contact and other prejudice-reduction interventions, with field experiments averaging d = 0.51.