All articles starting with P
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P&O Cruises
P&O Cruises is a British cruise line based in Southampton, England, operated by Carnival UK and descended from the 1837 mail service that made it the oldest cruise line.
P&O Ferries
P&O Ferries is a British ferry operator owned by Dubai-based DP World, running Dover–Calais, Hull–Rotterdam, and Irish Sea routes and carrying over 10 million passengers a year.
P116
P116 (MPN_213) is an essential 116-kDa surface protein of Mycoplasma pneumoniae that extracts cholesterol, phosphatidylcholine, and sphingomyelin from HDL and host cells via a unique hand-shaped hydrophobic cavity and a wringing dimer motion.
P14arf
p14ARF (p19Arf in mouse) is a 132-amino-acid tumor suppressor encoded by CDKN2A on 9p21 from an alternative reading frame; it stabilizes p53 by sequestering MDM2 in the nucleolus and is frequently lost or methylated in cancer.
P19 cell
P19 (ATCC CRL-1825) is a mouse embryonal carcinoma cell line from a C3H/He teratocarcinoma, deposited by McBurney, that differentiates with retinoic acid into neural cells and with DMSO into beating cardiomyocytes.
P1Harmony
P1Harmony (피원하모니) is a six-member South Korean boy group formed by FNC Entertainment, which debuted in 2020 with the EP Disharmony: Stand Out and reached number 4 on the Billboard 200 with UNIQUE in 2026.
P2 (film)
P2 (2007) is a Christmas Eve horror-thriller, the directorial debut of Franck Khalfoun, written with Alexandre Aja and Grégory Levasseur, starring Rachel Nichols and Wes Bentley, shot in a Toronto parking garage, grossing about $8 million worldwide.
P2 Brasil Private Infrastructure
P2 Brasil Private Infrastructure is a Brazilian private equity infrastructure manager formed by Patria Investimentos and Grupo Promon, which raised over $2.4 billion in 2010 to 2016.
P2 experiment
The P2 experiment is a particle physics experiment under construction at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz that will measure the Standard Model's weak mixing angle to about 0.14% precision.
P2-type layered oxide
A P2-type layered oxide, formula NaxTMO2, is a cathode material for sodium-ion batteries with trigonal-prismatic sodium sites between TMO2 layers, giving fast Na+ diffusion but a poorly reversible P2–O2 transition at high voltage.
P282 SMASH
P282 SMASH (Supersonic Missile Anti-SHip) is a ship-launched anti-ship ballistic missile developed in Pakistan by NESCOM and exported by GIDS, first announced in 2020 and flight-tested in November 2024.
P2RX4
P2RX4, the human gene encoding the P2X4 receptor (P2X4R), is an ATP-gated ion channel on chromosome 12, distinguished by high calcium permeability, lysosomal localization, and potentiation by ivermectin.
P2RX7
P2RX7 (P2X7 receptor) is a human chromosome 12q24.31 gene encoding an ATP-gated trimeric cation channel of immune cells; prolonged activation opens a large pore, triggering NLRP3 inflammasome IL-1β release, pyroptosis, and chronic-pain and mood-disorder associations.
P2RY1
P2RY1 (P2Y1, SARCC, HGNC:8539) is the human gene for a Gq-coupled ADP receptor on chromosome 3q25.2 that initiates platelet shape change and aggregation via PLC-calcium signaling; a structurally characterized antithrombotic target without an approved selective antagonist.
P2Y purinoceptor 4
P2Y purinoceptor 4 (P2RY4, uridine nucleotide receptor): a human class A GPCR activated by UTP, inhibited by ATP, coupling via Gq to phospholipase C; expressed in placenta, epithelia, GI and cochlear cells; rodent orthologs also respond to ATP.
P2Y receptors
P2Y receptors: family of purinergic G protein-coupled receptors activated by ATP, ADP, UTP, UDP, and UDP-glucose; eight functional human subtypes in Gq-coupled P2Y1-like and Gi-coupled P2Y12-like groups; P2Y12 targeted by clopidogrel.
P3 trial (NCT02675114)
PARTNER 3 (P3 trial, NCT02675114): randomized trial of transfemoral SAPIEN 3 TAVR vs surgical valve replacement in 1,000 low-risk severe aortic stenosis patients; TAVR superior at 1 year, similar outcomes through 7 years.
P3, C-terminal domain
P3, C-terminal domain (IPR057669; Pfam PF25514 P3_C) is the C-terminal protein domain of P3, the trimeric major capsid protein of bacteriophage PRD1, classified as an all-beta viral coat domain homologous to adenovirus hexon; unrelated to the RNase P/MRP P3 RNA domain.
P3, N-terminal domain
P3, N-terminal domain (InterPro IPR015108, Pfam PF09018) is the amino-terminal domain of the major capsid protein P3 of bacteriophage PRD1, anchoring the capsid to the viral inner membrane and acting as an assembly conformational switch.
P300 brain-computer interface
A P300 brain-computer interface (P300 BCI) is a non-invasive system that detects the P300 EEG signal, letting users spell or control devices by attention alone.
P300-CBP coactivator family
p300-CBP coactivator family (p300/CBP, KAT3): histone acetyltransferase coactivators CBP (CREBBP), p300 (EP300), and PCAF; bridge transcription factors to basal machinery, acetylate H3K18/K27, essential in mice, mutated in Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome and cancer.
p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases
p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38 MAPKs, SAPKs): four mammalian stress-responsive kinases (p38α/MAPK14, p38β, p38γ, p38δ) activated by MKK3/MKK6 dual phosphorylation of the Thr-Gly-Tyr motif, regulating cytokine production; long-targeted by inhibitors with largely failed clinical trials.
P3HR-1
P3HR-1 (P3HR1) is a human B-cell line derived from a Burkitt lymphoma and infected with Epstein-Barr virus, used as a standard laboratory producer of the virus.
P3HT
P3HT, or poly(3-hexylthiophene), is a semiconducting conjugated polymer used as the standard donor material in organic solar cells, reaching 5.2% efficiency with PCBM in 2005.
P4 (programming language)
P4 is a domain-specific programming language for describing how the data plane of network devices such as switches and routers processes packets, introduced in 2014.
P4 reactor
The P4 reactor is a French 1,300 MWe pressurized water reactor design developed by Framatome with EDF, built in P4 and P'4 versions, all 20 units still operating.
P4HB
P4HB (PDI, PDIA1), human gene at 17q25.3, encodes protein disulfide isomerase, also the beta subunit of prolyl 4-hydroxylase; 508 aa, CGHC motifs, KDEL; Y393C causes Cole-Carpenter syndrome 1.
P5+1
P5+1: China, France, Germany, Russia, UK, and US (UNSC P5 plus Germany), the six-power grouping that negotiated Iran's nuclear program, produced the 2015 JCPOA, and later operated as P4+1/E3/EU+2 after the 2018 US withdrawal.
P53
p53 (TP53, cellular tumor antigen p53) is a 393-amino-acid human transcription factor and tumor suppressor, the most frequently mutated gene in cancer, acting with family members p63 and p73 in stress responses.
p53 tumour suppressor family
p53 tumour suppressor family: transcription factors p53, p63, and p73 (TP53/TP63/TP73). p63 and p73 are ancestral homologs acting in development; p53, mutated in ~50% of cancers, guards the genome.